Recently, many farmers have reported that whitefly has become crazy and asked how to effectively control whitefly. Today I will talk to you about the prevention and control of whiteflies!
Whitefly, also known as the small white moth, it has a large population base, strong reproductive ability, short growth cycle, coupled with a wide range of parasitics, high outbreak prevalence, long hazard time characteristics, especially the difficulty of prevention and control, it is difficult to completely eradicate the general occurrence of insect pests, it can be said that it is a worldwide insect pest that makes the majority of farmers headaches. I believe that most of our peasant friends have a deep understanding of this.
In order to completely solve the harm of whitefly, on the one hand, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of combining prevention and control for prevention and control, and must not wait until the occurrence of insect pests to temporarily hold on to the Buddha's feet, on the other hand, through the combination of physical, biological, pharmaceutical and other measures to prevent and control, the effect is more ideal, on the other hand, the majority of farmers and friends, whether in the prevention and control of any disease and pest work, must understand the characteristics and laws of its pathogenesis and harm, and take the correct method to carry out targeted prevention and control, in order to achieve the best prevention and control purposes.
Here are a few questions to share with you: (1) the incidence of whitefly; (2) the harm of whitefly; (3) why whitefly can not be controlled; (4) how to effectively prevent and control whitefly.
1, whitefly is harmful to most crops (can parasitize more than 300 kinds of plants to survive), especially for all kinds of vegetables the greatest harm, whether it is a protected land, greenhouse, or open planting land, it is easy to get sick, the appropriate temperature is generally 28-30 degrees, because the temperature of the greenhouse is generally maintained at about 20 degrees, so the greenhouse is most seriously affected by insect pests.
2, whitefly can overlap hazards from generation to generation, more than 10 generations occur in the shed a year, and the temperature of its reproduction generation is closely related, the higher the temperature, the faster the growth and reproduction speed: a generation of about 18-20 degrees in the environment takes about 30 days, a generation of 24-25 degrees in the environment takes about 25 days, and a generation in a 27-degree environment only takes about 22 days.
3, the whitefly population base is very large, and the number of female insects is relatively amazing, a female insect lays about 100 eggs at a time, the total number of eggs laid in a lifetime is as high as more than 3500 grains, the number of populations after 1 generation can increase by more than 100 times, ten generations of reproduction, the number of whitefly directly doubled into a geometric index, the number of high number is very terrible! Don't look at the small size of the whitefly, but no crop can resist its ultra-high number of hazards.
4. Whitefly has a strong tenderness, and its distribution on crop plants is also regular. Adults and nymphs generally prefer to live in groups on the back of crop leaves, from the top of the plant to the bottom of the young leaves, and the layers are pale yellow eggs, black eggs, young nymphs, middle-aged and elderly nymphs, and pupae. Understanding this, everyone can have better targeted prevention and treatment when using different drugs to prevent and treat whiteflies at different times.
5. Although the whitefly reproduces and grows all year round (especially in greenhouses), it has two obvious breeding peaks. One is in the spring greenhouse between mid-April and late May, and the other is in the autumn greenhouse, open field between late July and late September, of which the insulation shed can be extended until the end of November. This is important to identify the critical period of whitefly control.
The hazards of whitefly can be broadly divided into two types:
A kind of sap sucking hazard - nymphs and adults on the back of the leaf surface, through their own growth of the stinging mouthpiece into the tissue of the crop plant, through the continuous suction of leaf sap, carbides in the plant, injection of toxins into the crop and other hazards (nymphs can be active within three days), so that the plant absorption and photosynthesis are reduced, the leaves fade green, the fruit becomes black, the yellow flowers wilt, and when the damage is serious, it will even lead to the death of the whole crop.
The other is the harm of adult excrement - a large number of adult worms living on crop plants will directly excrete excrete to the leaves and fruits of crops, which is not only easy to seriously damage the fruit quality of crops, induce bituminous coal disease, mycosis and other diseases, and whitefly is also the transmission vector of various crop viruses, inducing more types of diseases in crops.
1. Caused by the characteristics of whitefly
Whitefly not only has the characteristics of large population base, fast reproduction speed, and generational superimposed hazards, but also it can reproduce hazards in sheds, open fields and protected areas, but also it can reproduce hazards on hundreds of crops and plants in 112 families, and it is very difficult to completely eradicate them. It has been introduced above, and I will not say more.
2. Drugs cannot comprehensively control insect-like and diversified whiteflies
Whitefly has a super reproductive ability, a year can reproduce more than ten generations, the same crop on the lift, insect eggs, nymphs, adult insects exist at the same time, sometimes the number of farmers friends are not as fast as its reproduction speed, and there is no special drug on the market that can kill different whitefly growth period at the same time, general drugs are better at will to kill adult insects, but the killing effect of insect eggs and nymphs is poor, so it is more difficult to control.
3. Whitefly has certain resistance
On the one hand, whitefly has wings, when spraying prevention and control can fly away from migration and escape, and then wait for the drug effect to fade will fly back; on the one hand, the wings of whitefly have a waxy layer, if only a single spray liquid, can not make the liquid stick to the insect body, can not play a good killing effect; on the other hand, because whitefly occurs for many years, farmers and friends use drugs every year or single medication, resulting in whitefly has a strong resistance to some drugs, and it is difficult for ordinary drug methods to achieve good prevention and control effects.
4. The prevention and control method is unreasonable
There was a special introduction before, and it will not be repeated. Friends in need can enter my homepage to look through the historical articles posted.
1. Prevent in advance and seize the critical period of prevention and control
Many farmers lack corresponding skills in the management of disease and pest control in normal times, can not do a good combination of prevention and control, often wait until the occurrence of large areas of whitefly before starting to control, so often can not control; in addition, many people in the use of drugs are more casual, can not seize the key period of prevention and control for prevention and control, which is also an important reason for poor control effect.
2. Scientific drug use
When using drugs for prevention and treatment, on the one hand, it is best to spray in the early morning (whitefly has poor flight ability in the early morning, strong flight ability in the middle and afternoon, and escapes when preventing and treating drugs); on the one hand, after the first medication, the next day is followed by medication, which can kill more whiteflies that have escaped and flew back; on the other hand, when spraying, it is necessary to focus on spraying the back of the leaf, can not try to save trouble, or the amount of medication is insufficient, to maximize the effect of medication; on the other hand, when spraying and controlling whiteflies, it is necessary to alternate medication. When using the required medicine, some washing powder solution or osmotic agent can be added to make the drug better penetrate into the body of the whitefly and play a better killing effect. In addition, the use of a combination of whitefly control drugs and smokers, or the use of mineral oil, can also improve the control effect.
Commonly used drugs, such as bifenthrin water emulsion, high efficiency cypermethrin tobacco, perchlorothiazide emulsion (tomato in registered crop protection), imidacloprid, thiamethoxazine, acetamiprid, alenazine, fulfenacilamide, pyrazone, etc. In addition, the above drugs are mixed with spiroperium ethyl ester, pyrimethium, etc., with the effect of killing both nymphs and adults, you may wish to try it.
3. Rotate the stubble and completely clear the garden
In the place where whitefly occurs, on the one hand, you can choose those garlic seedlings, spinach, rapeseed, celery and other crops that are not prone to whitefly for stubble, on the other hand, after the crops are fully harvested, the diseased leaves and fruits of the diseased plants and dead branches and weeds in the garden should be completely removed in time, and the centralized burning or deep burial treatment should be carried out to reduce the source of insect source transmission. In addition, strengthening the water and fertilizer management of crops can cultivate strong seedlings and strong trees, improve the physiological resistance of crops, and reduce the occurrence of whitefly to a certain extent.
4. Release natural enemies for prevention and control
Aphid wasps and grasshoppers are natural enemies of whitefly. According to experiments, a lice wasp can eliminate 20-30 whitefly powder, and 1 conservation grasshopper can eliminate 170 whitefly larvae, so the appropriate release of the above two natural enemies at the beginning of the whitefly has a very good effect on the control of whitefly. Generally, natural enemies can be released once every 10-15 days, and the ratio of natural enemies released is 2 to 1, and 3-4 consecutive releases can be released.
5. Hanging yellow viscose board prevention and control
Whitefly have a strong yellow tendency and can trap whitefly by hanging multiple yellow sticky worm plates in the pest site.
Yellow sticky oil board production method: with a suitable size of wooden board, brush a layer of yellow paint, and then brush a thick layer of sticky oil, such as exhaust gas engine oil.
6. Prevention and control of high temperature smoking shed
During the summer shed, the high-temperature smoking shed can be used to kill whiteflies. After closing the shed, raise the shed temperature to a high temperature of more than 30 degrees, and then use the amount of 1 kg of whitefly smoker per acre for 2-3 hours.
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