the artist makes the art,but the art also comes to define the artist
permeate one another
The emergence of Surrealism is closely related to the birth and development of the Dadaist movement of the First World War
Dadaism is characterized by its glorification of absurdity, criticism of the aesthetic norms of the past, and anti-tradition, representing works such as Duchamp's urinal
The background at that time was the repression of the industrial machine, the contradictions of capitalism, the development of the Marxist collectivist movement, Freud's theory of the subconscious
The inspiration of Surrealism dates back to the Renaissance in the 15th and 16th centuries, when Giuseppearcimboldo painted figures with flowers and fruits; Hieronymus bosch used machines, demons, half-human, half-beast, etc. to represent human sin
The reason the Surrealists only regarded them as enlighteners was that they did not come from the subconscious and dreams, but deliberately, for example, they believed that Bosch was intended to tell biblical stories in this form
Pictured on the left is the 16th-century Bosch's Garden of Earthly delighs depicting reptiles with three heads, like human arms
Pictured on the right is Dalí's great masturbator of the last century, with colorful feathers on human skin, robotic ants, and its personal signature flow
Surrealism has the following characteristics
௹ Subconscious, dream
௹ Personal logo iconography
௹ Perverse
The main surrealists, in addition to Dalí, were Margaret rené magritte from Belgium from 1898-1967
His major works are the treachery of images series
Magritte points out that this is not the pipe itself, just a painting, and that the language has its own misunderstandings
"We understand that things actually hide things by looking at things, and we still want to understand what it hides by looking at them"
Three works by the surrealist pioneer Giorgio de chirico
Kirico is characterized by its towers of flat "stages" and "squares" and is also the founder of the metaphysical school
Metaphysics is characterized by its work that is both real and illusory
After the 1920s, Kiriko became more fascinated by classicism, advocating a sense of order brought about by works like Raphael, criticizing modernism, using classical techniques to create, focusing on sculpture, which can be shown in his own portraits in 1922, and was removed from the Surrealist group in 1926
After the 1930s, Kiriko continued to imitate his early surreal works for money, and on the other hand criticized and disliked connoisseurs who were only optimistic about his early metaphysic period
Kiriko is an Italian who grew up in Greece and grew up with Greek mythology
The middle painting was created at the beginning of the first stop when Chirico returned to Italy from Paris to join the army, but he did not go to the front, so he was able to continue his artistic work
It was also after seeing Kirico's work that Magritte joined Surrealism
The founding of Surrealism was marked by the first Manifesto of Surrealism issued in 1924 by Breton, a devout Marxist under whose leadership the Surrealists painted en masse: each took turns creating on canvas, resulting in surprising and absurd works
In the Second Surreal Manifesto issued in 1930, Breton denounced those who did not embrace collectivism
Surrealism flourished in 1929-1941 and gradually declined after 1946-1969
In addition, the Surrealists are divided into figurative and abstract, figurative, like the works of Kirico giorgio, the viewer can identify what the painting is, while the abstraction is not easy to identify, with a strong personal image symbol, as shown in Juan Mirö's woman and bird
Here's the weird 3D aggregation of man ray
Zdzislowzdzislow beksinski works selection