In recent years, in the small county town of the Huanghuai area where the small farm is located and its nearby county city - Sulu Yuwan several provinces junction, engaged in the breeding of three-flowered goose breeding geese more and more family farms, cooperatives, in the process of breeding geese, exposed more and more problems, some farmers do not know the technology of raising geese, blindly pursue the time of the mother goose production, think that the earlier the mother goose starts production, the better, in fact, it is not, the mother goose production is too early, the drawbacks brought about are still relatively large, carefully calculated, what are the drawbacks of the early start of the mother goose? How do I circumvent it? In the 17 years of goose breeding time, the small farm has been with the goose all year round, summarized and summarized some experiences and practices, formed this article, shared with everyone, and hoped to bring some inspiration and help to everyone.
What are the disadvantages of breeding female geese starting early? The small farm summed up three aspects of the problem from the experience of breeding geese in the past 17 years:
Individual sows start production prematurely, resulting in a long line of eggs for the entire herd of geese, resulting in waste of feed and increasing the cost of breeding. Farmers who have raised female geese know that the egg production rate of geese is very low, just like we said sanhua goose, the original small size of the three-flower goose in an egg-laying period of the egg production is 60 pieces of the appearance, and the large size of the three-flower goose a year egg production is basically more than 50 pieces, then, such a low egg production, if most of the mother goose can not reach the same time period of time, it is bound to appear that the early egg laying goose egg production has almost ended, and some late egg laying geese are still in the peak of egg production. The consequence of this is that the entire flock of female geese during the egg-laying period does not have a significant peak egg-laying period, which seriously causes waste of feed, thereby increasing the cost of breeding. The year before the cooperative's famous "stubborn donkey" Old Chen's goose appeared in this situation, seeing the first bloody head egg to the last bloody head egg, the difference was more than 2 months, if it were not for the high price of the goose eggs that year, it is estimated that Old Chen would lose money and could not find the north.
If the breeding of the female goose starts too early, the egg shape of the goose egg will be too small, the weight of the egg will be too light, it will not meet the requirements of incubation, and it will not sell at a price, not to mention, it will also affect the total number of eggs that can be hatched in the later stage. In addition, it will also cause the premature aging of the female goose. For the goose that lays eggs later, due to the long egg laying cycle, it may not be sold after the eggs are laid, which greatly affects the breeding efficiency of the geese.
The difficulty of management has increased, and the phenomenon of goose nests that have started early is more prominent. The three-flowered goose is a hybrid goose, because it has the genes of the white goose in western Anhui and the white anhui in eastern Zhejiang during hybrid breeding, so that some three-flowered goose has a nest in the middle and late stages of egg laying. Then the goose that starts early is just easy to get into the peak period of egg production in other geese, but the goose that produces early has the phenomenon of nesting, which brings great trouble to the daily management work.
How to control the egg laying period of the goose, and try to make the female goose achieve a neat birth? This is a relatively complex work, the need for a variety of measures, comprehensive use of the line, summed up there are mainly 4 methods, these 4 methods to achieve effective unity and combination, in order to play the greatest role, to receive the desired effect.
Strictly control the selection of reserve breeding geese, and try to make the female goose meet the requirements of small difference in body size and basic neat development. We know that in the selection process of reserve breeding geese, at least 2 selection passes, the first time is in 70 to 80 days, the selection of this time focuses on whether the size of the mother goose is in line with the basic characteristics of the breed, excluding the goose that is too large and too small, basically reaching the same size. The second time is 1 month before the start of the breeding goose, that is, the early stage of egg laying, that is, the expected period of delivery, this time mainly to see the development process of the mother goose, the phalangeal bone is too narrow, the development characteristics of the mother goose are not obvious goose to be eliminated. Now many farmers, in the selection process of breeding geese, there is a lack of strict selection, and even there is a phenomenon that as long as it is a mother goose, this phenomenon is not allowed, a good mother goose can bring you the profits of breeding, but a female goose with poor sexual characteristics can only let you lose the feed and take the energy.
Through forced moulting techniques, the opening period of the geese is artificially promoted to be consistent. We know that the female goose generally after the completion of moulting in the case of proper management of feed and light, it will not take long to start production, then if the method of human intervention in moulting is not taken, there will be a phenomenon of inconsistent moulting time, resulting in inconsistent production periods. Through artificial forced moulting, it is possible to achieve the goal of the same production of the mother goose, which is beyond doubt, has long been verified, and at the same time, there can be an income from feathers, which can subsidize the cost of raising geese a little. When should the plucking time be appropriate? In general, the whole body hair needs 40 days to be able to grow together, according to this time to push forward for more than 40 days, plus the recovery time arrangement to pull out the whole body hair can be, in the actual application, more choice in about 135 days.
Reasonable light control effectively stimulates the arrival of the egg laying period of the female goose. In general, the light time of the egg laying period of the mother goose is between 12 and 16 hours, and the later the egg is laid, the longer the light time, so it is necessary to use the characteristics of the female goose laying egg on the light demand, take the way of artificial light control, control the opening time of the goose, so as to achieve the consistency of egg laying.
Reasonable material control. Material control is an important means to grasp the egg laying time of the mother goose. How can a mother goose produce enough from the diet she consumes to ensure that she produces eggs? Therefore, controlling the premature production of female geese is the best way to control the material. For example, if you want the goose to start 220-day-old production, you need to start feeding at 180-day-old, and after more than a month, you will almost start laying eggs.
It is very important to strengthen management in the period of about 1 month before the start of the mother goose, how to determine the day age of the mother goose? Only by determining the day age of the sow to start production can the management time before the mother goose begins to be determined and corresponding management measures can be made. From the observation and understanding of the small farm over the years, it is more appropriate to control the opening time of the three-flower goose at 220 days, and the efficiency of egg laying by the geese at this age is the highest, and the neatness of egg laying is also relatively high. So to achieve this goal, what specific operations are needed? What exactly is to be done?
After determining the age of the mother goose on the date of birth, it is necessary to achieve the organic combination of light filling and feeding. In order to achieve the purpose of the mother goose basically all eggs in 220 days, in the 90 to 150 days of the breeding goose reserve period can not be fed too badly, if the green feed is sufficient, feed the green feed at the same time, each goose feed once a day, each time the amount of supplementary feeding is about 50 grams, to 150 days to 180 days of this stage, the amount of each feeding per day rises to about 80 grams, and must be sufficient trough, to ensure that each goose can eat the material evenly, to avoid the problem of how much unevenness, If there is much inequality, there will be a problem of premature egg laying in the female goose. When entering 180 days, the daily supplementary feeding amount increases to 200 to 250 grams, and it is divided into two feedings in the morning and evening, one less during the day and more at night. At the same time, the light should keep up, in the night to take the two-end light method, the whole day of light time needs 12 to 16 hours, this time is orderly and gradual, the beginning of the time is shorter, with the arrival and advancement of the egg laying period, the time of light filling is gradually extended.
Timely adjustment of feed formula, in the early stage of egg laying, mainly feed high-energy cereal feed. Practice has proved that it is possible to simply feed high-energy cereal crops such as corn, wheat and rice in the early stage of egg laying.
After more than a month of pre-egg laying, the mother goose began to enter the egg laying period, and after the mother goose entered the egg laying period, it was necessary to prepare a more nutritious mixed feed, focusing on the balance of energy feed, protein feed, mineral feed and vitamins. The proportion of energy feed in the early stage of egg laying is about 80%, of which high-energy grain feed such as cereals accounts for about 60 to 65%, low-energy feeds such as by-products of grains such as bran account for about 15 to 20%, protein feeds such as soybean meal account for about 10%, egg goose premixes account for about 5%, and high-calcium and high-phosphorus minerals such as shell powder and stone powder are about 5%. In addition, the ratio of green feed to concentrate of conditional farmers is at least 1:1.
With the extension of the egg laying period of the mother goose, the proportion of protein feed is gradually increased, from 10% to 15% to 20%, while increasing the proportion of protein feed, corresponding to reducing the proportion of energy feed, the proportion of the rest of the feed composition remains unchanged.
Conclusion: The breeding of breeding geese is much more complicated than that of commercial geese, because the breeding of breeding geese does not have a unified feeding procedure, so everyone has different classifications of the stage of breeding geese; at present, there is no national unified standard of feed formula for female geese, so each farmer's understanding of feed formula is not the same; and because of the different environments in each place, there are also great differences in the production of grain crops, and farmers follow the principle of local materials. Therefore, there are also great differences in the use of materials. In view of the above reasons, the breeding of goose breeding is basically under a state of breeding and management based on experience, and small farms also hope that through the experience of breeding geese in the past 17 years, they can give some help and inspiration to farmers who walk on this road or are ready to go to this road.
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