Liu Ding and Shen Hong are well-known and excellent engineering and technical experts of our party, and enjoy a high prestige in the field of mechanical engineering technology in China. At the same time, Liu Ding and Shen Hong are also two old leaders with important influence in the history of the development of "Mechanical Worker", and when looking back on their outstanding contributions to the development of China's machinery industry, our hearts are full of reverence, kindness and pride!
Liu Ding and Shen Hong: Famous mechanical engineering technology experts of our party
Liu Ding (1902-1986) was one of the founders and outstanding leaders of China's military industry, and was known as a "military industry prodigy". He joined the revolution in his early years, joined the Communist Party of China through the introduction of Sun Bingwen and Zhu De, and presided over the construction of our party's military industry during the revolutionary war.
Shen Hong (1906~1998) after the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1937, resolutely took several working machines from shanghai to Yan'an with several working machines in his factory, devoted himself to the cause of military industry, and made great contributions to the War of Resistance. In 1942, he was awarded the Special Model Worker Award, which was inscribed by Chairman Mao Zedong in four big characters, "Infinite Loyalty".
Whether during the revolutionary war period or in the construction period after the founding of New China, Liu Ding and Shen Hong cooperated sincerely on many occasions. For example, during the Liberation War, Liu Ding led Shen Hong and other technical backbones to establish a military industrial base in the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region, and Shen Hong led the Mechanical Research Office of the Jin-Cha-Ji Industrial Bureau to design and manufacture special machine tools. At the turn of the summer and autumn of 1947, according to the instructions of Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, Liu Ding used two research institutions under his jurisdiction to develop weapons and ammunition urgently needed for the offensive battle, one of which was the artillery shell and fuze research room led by Shen Hong. In September 1949, Liu Ding was appointed vice minister of the Heavy Industry Department of the Central People's Government, followed by Liu Ding as the head of the regiment and Shen Hong as the deputy head of the regiment, and led Wang Daohan and other comrades to form a heavy industry inspection delegation to the northeast, north China, east China and other places to investigate heavy industry, in preparation for the resumption of industrial production in the upcoming new China.
After the founding of New China, Liu Ding, Shen Hong, Liu Xianzhou and other predecessors jointly initiated the reconstruction of the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society, and Liu Ding and Shen Hong also served as the chairman of the society. In 1958, Liu Ding and Shen Hong were appointed by the central government to preside over the development of 10,000-ton hydraulic presses in the south and north respectively, and also assisted each other in solving technical problems.
Electroslag welding and "ants gnawing on bones"
In 1959, the 10th anniversary of the founding of New China, Liu Ding, who was then the vice minister of the Ministry of Machinery, wrote an article entitled "Brilliant Achievements of the Machinery Industry in 10 Years", which was published in the 10th issue of the cold processing and hot processing issues of "Mechanical Workers" in 1959, in which it was written:
China's machinery industry attaches great importance to the adoption and promotion of new technologies and advanced process methods in the development. For example, the widespread use of electroslag welding technology; lost wax casting and other precision casting and ductile iron have also been promoted in recent years; powder metallurgy and chip-free processing technology has achieved multi-faceted practical results; high-speed cutting, strong cutting and various advanced tools have been widely used throughout the country; further exploration of electromechaning has been carried out in many aspects. While mastering the world's advanced technology, we have also created a lot of experience and methods suitable for the specific conditions of our country, such as "ants gnawing on bones", the new development of China's ancient casting process "mud casting" and so on.
At this time, 10,000 tons of water presses are being manufactured, and the electroslag welding process and the "ant gnawing on the bones" method are playing a key role. The Mechanical Worker also played an important role in the promotion of these two technologies. Electroslag welding was invented by Button welding in the Soviet Union, and was just used in production in the Soviet Union in the early 1950s, which was an advanced welding technology at that time. "Ants gnawing on bones" refers to the use of small machine tools to process large parts in the absence of large equipment, which was invented by the old workers of the Northeast Machine Manufacturing Factory when manufacturing nitrogen fertilizer production equipment, and Liu Ding was deeply encouraged when inspecting the factory, and named this method "Ants Gnawing Bones".
After the planning of the editorial department, the 10th issue of "Mechanical Workers (Cold Working)" in 1958 took "Ants Gnawing On Bones" as the theme, and the 10th issue of "Mechanical Workers (Hot Processing)" in 1958 took electroslag welding as the theme, and published a series of articles such as "Vigorously Promoting "Ants Gnawing Bones" and Soil Machine Tools to Solve the Problem of Insufficient Key Equipment" and "Marching towards Electroslag Welding". The Northeast Machine Factory, the birthplace of the "ant gnawing on bones" method, published an article summarizing practical experience, and the plate electrode electroslag welding technology invented by Academician Pan Jiluan, who was still a young man at the time, was also publicized in magazines.
"South Shen Bei Liu" presided over the manufacture of 10,000 tons of hydraulic presses
In 1958, in order to break the foreign blockade and provide special large forgings urgently needed by the industrial sector, China determined to manufacture two 12,500-class free forging hydraulic presses, which were presided over by Liu Ding and Shen Hong.
A 10,000-ton hydraulic press presided over by Liu Ding was mainly designed and manufactured by Shenyang Heavy Machinery Factory (hereinafter referred to as "Shen Zhong") and the First Heavy Machinery Factory (hereinafter referred to as "Yi Chong") and installed in Yi Zhong. In order to accumulate experience, the 2000t hydraulic press was first tried in Shen Re (see Figure 1), and finally it was decided that this hydraulic press adopted a 3-cylinder 4-column cast steel composite beam structure, of which the manufacture and installation of the column beam and the base is the key to the entire manufacturing process. According to the production technology conditions at that time, the column was divided into 3 sections, forged with a single weight of 88t alloy steel, and then welded by electroslag; 3 beams were combined with 10 large cast steel parts by mechanical methods. The hydraulic press was made in 1962 and put into production in 1964.
Figure 1 Liu Ding (first from the right) in front of the 2000t hydraulic press produced by Shen Re-production
A 10,000-ton hydraulic press (see Figure 2) presided over by Shen Hong was mainly manufactured by Jiangnan Shipyard and installed in Shanghai Heavy Machinery Factory (hereinafter referred to as "Shangwei"). Limited by the conditions in Shanghai at that time, this machine was a fully welded structure, 6 cylinders and 4 columns, and the beam was a thick steel plate welded structure. Due to the lack of large-scale processing equipment, the method of "ants gnawing bones" is used to process large parts; electroslag welding plays a key role in the welding of 4 columns and 3 beams, and Tang Yingbin, a skilled welding worker, has become a famous labor model in the country. This hydraulic press was made into production in 1962.
Figure 2 Shen Hong (front row, fifth from left) in front of a 10,000-ton hydraulic press
The successful manufacture of these two 10,000-ton hydraulic presses has become a milestone historical event in China's equipment manufacturing industry.
We are proud that both Liu Ding and Shen Hong have deep ties to "Mechanical Worker". Liu Ding is the founder of the magazine, Shen Hong has always supported the development of this magazine, they have participated in many important activities held by the Mechanical Workers Magazine (see Figure 3), and have given important guidance to the development of the magazine many times. Liu Ding and Shen Hong presided over the successful manufacture of 10,000 tons of hydraulic presses has become a common spiritual wealth of society.
Figure 3 Liu Ding (right) and Shen Hong (left) at the 30th anniversary of the founding of "Mechanical Workers" "national heavy equipment" 80,000 tons of die forging hydraulic press
Today, China has made historic and tremendous achievements in the political, economic, military, and scientific and technological fields, and at the same time faces the new task of further developing the country's comprehensive strength and strengthening national defense construction under the new situation. The development of large aircraft has been included in the "Outline of the National Medium- and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020)" major special project. "The forging device for the development of large-scale overall high-quality forgings of aircraft must be based on the country", Shi Changxu, an academician of the two academies, reviewed the situation, organized more than 30 experts from all sides to demonstrate many times over the past year, and finally decided to recommend that the state approve the project to manufacture a world's largest 80,000-ton forging press. On April 10, 2013, the 80,000-ton die forging hydraulic press was officially put into operation in China's Second Heavy Machinery Group.
The completion and operation of the 80,000-ton large die forging hydraulic press has broken the bottleneck restricting the development of China's aerospace and equipment manufacturing industry, and is of great strategic significance for changing the dependence on imports of large die forgings in China, realizing the autonomy and localization of large die forging products, and transforming a forging country into a forging power.
The author is an expert of the Science and Technology Evaluation Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, an expert of the National Defense Science and Technology Industry Precision Plastic Forming Technology Research and Application Center of the Bureau of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, zeng Fanchang, and a researcher of the tonnage presses below 80,000 tons, such as Southwest Aluminum 30,000 t die forging hydraulic press, Triangle Aviation 40,000 t die forging hydraulic machine, etc., as well as the domestic and foreign industries (see Figure 4).
a) Double 80,000 tons die forging hydraulic press
b) Southwest aluminum 30,000 tons die forging hydraulic press
c) Triangle Airlines 40,000t die forging hydraulic press
Figure 4 Large die forging hydraulic press in China (Hot Processing, No. 23, 2014)
In addition, the automotive die forging 10,000-ton line has aroused industry attention, and replacing the die forging hammer to produce crankshafts, front axles and other components has become an industrial development trend. At the end of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", there were nearly 200,000-ton lines in place in China, and the competition for large-scale die forgings accelerated to meet the demand for rapid expansion ("The doubling of the 10,000-ton line, the acceleration of competition for large-scale die forgings into the Red Sea", Hot Processing, No. 1, 2012). In recent years, the development of China's forging industry has attracted the attention of industry colleagues at home and abroad, such as the jinan two machine tool large-scale high-speed stamping production line among the international high-end market, which makes the Chinese people proud. In the future, "MetalWorking" will bear in mind the teachings of its predecessors, as an industrial media, continue to forge ahead, and cheer for the development of China's forging industry.
A history of metalworking
The History of Metalworking is edited by Metalworking Magazine and published by China Machinery Industry Press. Taking the records of "MetalWorking" (formerly known as "Mechanical Worker") magazine since its inception in 1950 as the main line, it revisits a number of important events, famous figures and historical fragments in the machinery industry in New China in the past 70 years, focuses on a large number of new technologies and new processes promoted and exchanged by the magazine in various historical periods from the "First Five-Year Plan" to the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", reviews a large number of nationally famous labor models such as Ni Zhifu and their production practice experience, and at the same time, shows the contribution made by the magazine in the development of the industry and the development process of the magazine.
Source: Forging World Public Account