"Fifty-two Sick Prescriptions" is which fifty-two diseases
Book of "Fifty-two Sick Prescriptions", No. 3 Mawangdui, Changsha, Hunan, 1973
The excavation of the Han tomb is the most ancient Chinese medical prescription book found so far, where there are 52 kinds of diseases, including 283 medical prescriptions. These 52 diseases are the earliest naïve observations of diseases by our ancestors, listed in the table below
numbering
The name of the disease
illustrate
1
Wounds
Trauma caused by various golden stone blades
27
Miscellaneous diseases
Unknown
2
Wound spasms
Muscle rigidity due to cold trauma, including tetanus, febrile seizures, etc
28
Gall disease
Gonorrhea (unfavorable urination)
3
Infantile cord spasm
Cramps in pregnant women, such as eclampsia
29
Drowning
The urine is cloudy
4
Infantile epilepsy
Pediatric epilepsy
30
Anointing
Cream (rice swill urine)
5
Baby paralysis
Pediatric convulsions
31
Swelling
Scrotal enlargement
6
Rabid dogs
Mad dog bite
32
Bowel
Hernia (testicular swelling and pain torsion)
7
Dogs eat people
Common dog bites
33
Pulse hemorrhoids
A type of hemorrhoid
8
Nester
Body odor
34
Oysters
9
Sunset
Suspected skin disease
35
Hemorrhoids
10
Poison beak
Arrow poison (aconitum)
36
Itching
Pruritus of the anus
11
Scorpion sting
37
Gangrene
ulcer
12
Vermiculence
Leech wounds
38
■■
13
Leech
Lizard (viper) bite
39
■ Rotten people
■ Festering
14
Warts
Cutaneous warts
40
Armbizzle
Burns on the lower leg
15
Epilepsy
epilepsy
41
Arm wounds
Calf trauma
16
White
Vitiligo
42
scab
Skin scabs
17
Large belt
Some kind of skin disease
43
Snake gnaw
snakebite
18
Borer disease
Borer bites
44
carbuncle
19
■ Silkworms
Silkworm stings
45
Yikes
Lacquer disease (allergy)
20
■
46
Insect erosion
Cockroach bites
21
Dizziness
47
Dry itching
Dry scabies (itching without exudation of skin)
22
Sick people do not have epilepsy
A type of epilepsy
48
Prolonged boils
Various sores
23
Human disease ■ not epilepsy
49
poison
Worm disease
24
Sick sheep do not have epilepsy
50
Rays
Disease caused by pediatric ghosts
25
Human sick snakes are not epileptic
51
Go to centaur warts
One of the types of skin warts
26
Eating diseases
Various injuries and diseases
52
Cure
Horse-related illnesses
Because of the wording, there are 3 diseases unknown, and the other 49 are divided into the following categories according to the understanding of modern medicine.
1. Trauma (3 types): various injuries, arm wounds, arm injuries.
2. Convulsions (9 kinds): injury spasms, infantile spasms, infantile epilepsy, infantile epilepsy, epilepsy, human disease horse epilepsy, human disease ■ non-epilepsy, human disease sheep without epilepsy, human disease snake not epilepsy.
3. Animal injuries (11 kinds): rabid dogs, canine eaters,
, leech erosion, leech, borer disease, ■ silkworm, snake, insect erosion, worm erosion, cure.
4. Skin diseases (13 kinds): nesters, sunsets, warts, white places, large belts, scabs, crap, dry itching, go to centaur warts, gangrene, carbuncles, ■ rotten people, long-term warts.
5. Urinary system diseases (5 kinds): gall disease, drowning, anointing, swelling, intestinal intestinal tract.
6. Anorectal diseases (4 types): pulse hemorrhoids, pulse hemorrhoids, hemorrhoids, itching.
7. Poisoning (1 kind): poisonous beak.
8. Nervous system (1 type):
。
9. Digestive system (1 kind): various food diseases.
10. Ghost disease (1 kind): Ray.
The above classification can lead to the following conclusions:
1. The most important diseases suffered by ancient people are skin diseases, various animal injuries, trauma, plant poisoning, etc., which are inevitable in the process of gathering, hunting and farming. At this time, it may be mainly in the form of small tribal dispersion, with little contact with the outside world, and there has not yet been a large-scale fatal infectious disease.
2. Detailed observation of various convulsions may be due to exaggerated symptoms and eye-catching reasons when such diseases occur. Our ancestors classified convulsions by age, sex, nature of seizures, and associations with animals, which seems to be very different from other ethnic traditional medicine attributed to ghosts and gods.
3, the ancients obviously suffered from the diseases of the following two tricks, urethral diseases may include venereal diseases and parasitic diseases (such as filariasis), and there are very amazing surgical treatment for hemorrhoids (follow-up introduction).
4. The cause is based on naïve observation, or based on the foreign objects exposed to by the body (such as animals and plants, swords, etc.), or based on the form of the naked eye (such as the shape of hemorrhoids and the characteristics of urine), and only in special cases is attributed to ghosts and gods (such as abnormal thinness in children due to "rays"). It was not until after the "Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic" that all diseases were applied to abstract causes, such as wind, cold, summer, dampness, dryness, fire, and various dialectics.
5. Disease observation is limited to appearance, and there is no understanding of visceral diseases. This is in line with the level at that time.
It can be seen that the ancient (at least before the Western Han Dynasty) understanding of disease is based on primitive and superficial observations, and there are some elements of ghost and magic, and there are not many components of metaphysical speculation.