Iron is an essential trace element of the human body, long-term iron deficiency will deplete the body's reserves, reduce hemoglobin levels and red blood cell capacity, resulting in iron deficiency anemia (ida), accompanied by chronic fatigue, restlessness, immune dysfunction, mood or cognitive impairment, memory loss and other symptoms, infants and preschool children iron deficiency is more likely to affect children's brain development. Iron deficiency anaemia is widespread, with an incidence of up to 47.4% in preschool children, 41.8% in pregnant women and 23.9% in the elderly.
Currently, iron supplements are the most basic and market-widely available IDA treatment. There are two main types of commonly used iron supplements, namely inorganic iron agents and small molecular organic iron agents.
Inorganic iron agents such as ferrous sulfate, iron in ferrous sulfate exists in the form of fe2+, which is easier to absorb than elemental iron and fe3+, but after taking inorganic iron, it will dissociate rapidly in the stomach, and there is serious gastrointestinal irritation, resulting in nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation and other symptoms. Common inorganic over-the-counter iron supplements such as ferrous sulfate lozenges and compound ferrous sulfate granules.
Small molecule organic iron agents are more stable, iron fishy taste, absorption rate and bioavailability have obvious advantages, so they are more popular. Common small molecule organic over-the-counter iron agents are ferrous lactate tablets (capsules, syrups, oral liquids), ferrous fumarate tablets (suspensions, capsules), ferrous gluconate syrup (capsules, tablets), and ferrous succinate tablets.
In addition, dextran iron tablets (dispersible tablets /oral solutions) are trivalent iron complexes, without gastrointestinal irritation, good taste, no iron fishy taste, and may be considered for patients with obvious gastrointestinal response.
Compound ferrous sulfate granules
Dosage: Oral. 1 capsule at a time plus 1 bag of granule flavoring agent. First dissolve the granule flavoring agent with 50-100 ml of hot water, then pour the contents of the capsule into the water, dissolve and take after meals. Once a day.
Adverse reactions:
1. Nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, constipation can be seen.
2. It can reduce intestinal peristalsis, causing constipation and black stool.
taboo:
1. Patients with hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis and other anemias not accompanied by iron deficiency are banned.
2. Severe hepatic and renal insufficiency is disabled.
Key Considerations:
1. Patients with hepatitis, acute infection, intestinal inflammation, pancreatitis, peptic ulcer and so on should be used with caution.
2. Do not take with strong tea.
Ferrous lactate tablets
Dosage: Oral. Adults take 2 tablets (0.2 g) 3 times a day. Take after meals.
1. Serious damage to liver and kidney function, especially in patients with untreated urinary tract infections, is disabled.
2. Patients with excessive iron load, hemochromatosis or hemosiderosis are banned.
3. Patients with non-iron deficiency anemia (such as thalassemia) are contraindicated.
1. It should not be used for a long time, it should be used after the doctor has diagnosed iron deficiency anemia, and the blood picture and serum iron level should be checked regularly during treatment.
2. Use with caution in the following cases: alcoholism, hepatitis, acute infection, intestinal inflammation, pancreatitis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, ulcerative enteritis.
3. Please consult a doctor or pharmacist for children's dosage.
4. The drug should not be taken with strong tea.
5. The drug should be taken after or during meals to alleviate stomach irritation.
6. If there is an overdose or serious adverse reaction, you should seek medical attention immediately.
Ferrous fumarate granules
Dosage: Oral. Adults: 0.2 g at a time, 3-4 times a day; Children: 0.1 g at a time, 1-3 times a day.
3. This product should not be taken with strong tea.
4. This product should be taken after or during meals to reduce stomach irritation.
5. If you take an overdose or have serious adverse reactions, you should seek medical attention immediately.
Ferrous gluconate tablets
Dosage: Oral. Adults take 1 to 2 tablets (0.3 g to 0.6 g) 3 times a day.
4. This product should not be taken with strong tea.
5. This product should be taken after or during meals to reduce stomach irritation.
Ferrous succinate tablets
Dosage:
For prophylaxis: 1 tablet (0.1 g) a day for adults, 2 tablets (0.2 g) a day for pregnant women, 0.5 tablets (0.05 g) a day for children.
For treatment: adults 2 to 4 tablets a day (0.2 to 0.4 g), children 1 to 3 tablets a day (0.1 to 0.3 g), taken in divided doses.
1. When used for daily iron supplementation, the amount of prevention should be used.
2. The therapeutic dose should not be used for a long time, it should be used after the doctor confirms that iron deficiency anemia is confirmed, and the blood picture and serum iron level should be checked regularly during treatment.
3. Use with caution in the following cases: alcoholism, hepatitis, acute infection, intestinal inflammation, pancreatitis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, ulcerative enteritis.
Dextran iron tablets
Dosage: Oral. Adults take 2-4 tablets (0.05-0.1) 1-3 times a day after meals.
3. Patients with non-iron deficiency anemia (such as thalassemia) are contraindicated.
2. Use with caution in the following cases: alcoholism, hepatitis, acute infection, intestinal inflammation, pancreatitis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, ulcerative enteritis.
Source: Scientific Medication Time