Shanghai Gu Zhenghong Memorial Hall, located in Putuo District, Shanghai, is a memorial created in memory of the martyr Gu Zhenghong. The total area of the memorial hall is 1300 square meters, and the whole hall is composed of three parts: Gu Zhenghong Memorial Square, the exhibition in the museum, and the martyrdom of Gu Zhenghong. The square floor is decorated with 20 floor tiles of the May Thirtieth Pattern Commemorative Pattern set off by Shanghai Flower Magnolia to commemorate the 20-year-old martyr Gu Zhenghong.
Statue of Gu Zhenghong Memorial Hall in Shanghai
On May 30, 1925, the May Thirtieth Anti-Imperialist Patriotic Movement, which shocked China and foreign countries, burned like a volcano throughout Shanghai and swept across China. The heroic sacrifice of Communist Party member Gu Zhenghong was the fuse of this movement.
Statue of Gu Zhenghong martyr
Gu Zhenghong, born in 1905, is a native of Huanhe County ,present-day Zhenghong Town, Binhai County. When he was a child, his family was poor, and in 1921, his hometown was flooded, and at the age of 16, he moved to Shanghai with his mother. His father worked hard and dragged many people to work as a worker in the Japanese spinning mill in Shanghai. After entering the factory, the political oppression, economic exploitation, physical destruction and mental torture of Chinese workers by foreign capitalists left a deep imprint on the young Gu Zhenghong's heart, and he increasingly strongly longed for the toiling masses to no longer endure slavery.
Workers have to copy their bodies from the factory and suffer personal insults every day
In 1924, Gu Zhenghong attended a cram school run by the CCP's underground organization. During this period, he participated in the Huxi Workers' Club, and was influenced by the revolutionary ideas of Deng Zhongxia, Yun Daiying, Liu Hua and other revolutionary ideas, and became an active member of the club. At this time, he understood many truths that he had never heard in his life. He understood that her wish was beautiful, but that the country was strong, and the workers were no longer oppressed, and they would not naturally fall from the sky. Only by conscientiously studying Marxism, closely following the Communist Party, uniting, and struggling hard can everyone turn around and be liberated.
Pictures inside the Gu Zhenghong Memorial Hall
In February 1925, the Chinese Communist Party led more than 40,000 workers from 22 Japanese spinning mills in Shanghai and western Shanghai to hold a February strike against the unjustified dismissal of workers by Japanese capitalists. Gu Zhenghong joined the workers' pickets and strike agitators, participated in the organization and expansion of the strike team, and actively developed trade union members during the strike, and the strike achieved initial victory. In this struggle, Gu Zhenghong showed positive performance, withstood tempering and tests, and gloriously joined the Communist Party of China.
Gu Zhenghong's progress has caused concern among his family. The father was afraid that the Japanese were too powerful and could not do well, and the son would suffer losses and complain with the workers. Gu Zhenghong patiently enlightened his father: "Workers and workers are brothers, and they cannot settle grievances. If there is one wrongdoer, it is the Japanese factory owners who ride on our Chinese heads. We create wealth for them, and they in turn will intensify their exploitation and oppression of us. It's not fair! How can we not fight them? "Father asked him where his ideas came from. Gu Zhenghong said proudly: "My ideas are all learned from some able people. Those who can have faith and ideals are all for the sake of our workers. They say labor is sacred. That's true. We're just going to be in charge and smash the chains around our necks. ”
Chinese workers are numbered like prisoners
Japanese spinning mills arbitrarily stipulate that workers can only urinate if they receive a sign
In May of the same year, Japanese capitalists tore up the agreement under the pretext of "cotton yarn", demanded that the authorities ban the trade unions, and threatened to close factories and fire striking workers. Gu Zhenghong promptly reported the situation in the field to the trade union and conveyed to the workers the decision of the workers to persist in active struggle.
On May 15, Japanese capitalists in factories no. 7 closed their factories and refused to pay wages. Workers rushed into the factory to demand work, and the Japanese side colluded with the concession patrol house to suppress the workers. Under the leadership of the underground organization of the Communist Party of China, Gu Zhenghong led the workers to struggle with the factory and took the lead in breaking the factory door, demanding the resumption of work and wages. In the face of the japanese daiban (factory director) Kawamura and his thugs with guns, Gu Zhenghong stood up at the forefront of the workers' ranks, argued with reason, and led the workers to shout: "Oppose the oppression of the workers by the Orientals!" "No deduction of wages is allowed!" and other slogans. Kawamura and others had already paid attention to Gu Zhenghong. At this time, seeing him leading the struggle, he immediately aimed his shot at him, and the bullet hit Gu's left leg, and the blood was dripping. Gu Zhenghong glared at the enemy and shouted in pain: "Fellow workers, everyone unite and fight to the end!" Kawamura shot again, hitting him in the lower abdomen. He clung to a small tree beside him, stood tenaciously, and continued to call on the workers to persevere in the struggle. The executioner fired two more shots at him and slashed him in the head with a knife...
Gu Zhenghong led the workers in a fight against the Japanese capitalists and their lackeys
Gu Zhenghong, a young Communist, a vanguard fighter of the working class, sacrificed his precious life for the cause of proletarian liberation in the anti-imperialist and patriotic struggle, at the age of 20.
The workers, full of anger, rushed up and fought valiantly against the enemy. On the day of Gu Zhenghong's sacrifice, under the leadership and organization of the Communist Party of China, more than 20,000 workers in the Western Japanese Spinning Mill in Western Shanghai issued a declaration, announced a strike, and called on people from all walks of life to support and assist the workers in their struggle. Shanghai students were the first to take to the streets, and the industrial and commercial circles also rose in solidarity. The wave of strikes quickly swept through all walks of life in Shanghai, and soon became a raging anti-imperialist and patriotic flame.
The scene of the imperialist shooting and killing of the demonstrators
On May 24, 1925, all walks of life in Shanghai held a public memorial meeting for Gu Zhenghong martyrs in TanziWan, Zhabei.
On May 28, 1925, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an emergency meeting and decided to mobilize the masses to hold anti-imperialist demonstrations. Subsequently, the mighty May Thirtieth Movement broke out.
May Thirtieth Movement
After the founding of New China, the party and the government established the Gu Zhenghong Martyrs Memorial Hall in Shanghai and Binhai County, Jiangsu Province, respectively, and his hometown was named Zhenghong Township and Zhenghong Village.
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