< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > grape thrips</h1>
Hazard characteristics
Mainly nymphs and adults use file suction mouthparts to aspirate the juices of young fruits, young leaves and new shoot epidermal cells. Foliar damage: fine gray-white spots appear first, followed by smaller, curly deformities, dryness, and sometimes perforations. Young fruit victimization: at that time, the color did not change, and the next day the victim part lost water and shrunk, forming a small black spot, affecting the appearance of the fruit grain, reducing the value of the commodity, and seriously picking the fruit to cause cracking. New shoot victimization: growth is inhibited.
Prevention and control methods
(1) Clean up the vineyard weeds, burn the dead branches and leaves, and stay away from crops such as onions and garlic.
(2) The following agents can be selected for control: 6% ethyl polybactericide suspension 3000 ~ 6000 times liquid; or 19% bromocyanidamide suspension 1000 ~ 1500 times liquid; or 25% thiamethoxine water dispersible granules 4000 ~ 7500 times liquid, about 5 days after spraying, if the insect situation is still found to be heavier, immediately carry out the second spray.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > grape ten star leaf beetle</h1>
Adults and larvae nibble on grape leaves and shoots, making the leaves appear porous or absent, and in severe cases, the leaves and leaf flesh are eaten, leaving only leaf veins. Young shoots are also damaged, resulting in stunted plant growth and development, which seriously affects yield. The adults lie still on the back of the leaves and secrete a yellow, foul-smelling liquid when touched.
(1) In late autumn, clean up dead branches and leaves and weeds in time, burn or bury deeply in time, and reduce the amount of overwintering; using the habit of suspended animation, vibrating branches will concentrate on the destruction of landing adults and larvae; the initial hatching larvae concentrate on the lower leaves, remove and concentrate on treatment in time.
(2) Before the spawning of adult insects or in the early larval stage, the following agents can be selected for control: 4.5% high-efficiency cypermethrin water emulsion 1300 to 2700 times liquid; or 30% dichloride 300 to 600 times liquid.
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > Grape Gall Mosquito</h1>
The larvae feed on the young fruit, and the symptoms of the affected fruit vary according to the variety. Such as longan, giant peak after the flowering victimization: the fruit rapidly expanded, deformed, 4 to 5 times larger than the normal fruit, 10 days after flowering than the normal fruit 1 to 2 times larger, the victim fruit diameter of 8 to 10 mm stopped growing, flat round, the fruit top is slightly concave thick green glossy, sepals and filigree are not falling off, the fruit stem is thin, the fruit stem is not expanded, most can not form normal seeds, no economic value. Zhengzhou early red victimization: the fruit is not significantly different from the normal healthy fruit, and only the affected fruit is slightly smaller in the later stage, and the fruit surface has round feathering holes, which cannot be eaten.
(1) The adults completely remove the affected fruit spikes before feathering, and concentrate on eliminating the larvae and pupae. For economic and effective measures, careful implementation of 2 to 3 years can basically eliminate its harm.
(2) The initial stage of adult drug control, can be used: 75% fly-killing amine wettable powder 3000 ~ 4500 times liquid; or 4.5% high-efficiency cypermethrin water emulsion 1300 ~ 2700 times liquid.
(3) Conditional bagging can prevent adults from laying eggs before adults appear, and remove bagging when grapes bloom.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > grape patched wax cicada</h1>
Adults and nymphs cluster on the back of the leaf and on the young shoots suck the hazard, and the head is cocked when roosting, and sometimes dozens of heads can be seen clustered on the new shoots, arranged in a straight line. Young leaf damage: often cause perforation or leaf rupture; young shoots are affected: atrophy, deformity; at the same time, its excreta can cause fruit surface pollution, causing coal pollution of the affected plant, seriously affecting the growth and development of the plant.
(1) Combined with winter pruning, brushing off egg blocks; protecting and using natural enemies such as parasitic wasps.
(2) In the peak period of nymphs, the use of chemical control: 2.5% cypermethrin wettable powder 1000 ~ 1500 times liquid; or 70% imidacloprid 4000 times liquid; or 10% bifenthrin emulsion 2000 ~ 2400 times liquid.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > grape arnica scarab</h1>
It is a pest of flowers, leaves, fruits, young shoots and near-ripe fruits. The larvae are harmful to the plant root system, causing the plant leaves to wilt and even die, and the adult insects are clustered to harm the plant leaves.
(1) Remove the stumps and weeds of the orchard; try not to plant soybeans, peanuts, sweet potatoes, alfalfa,
(2) Artificial capture of adult insects; use the insect's chemotaxis on sweet and sour liquor and sauerkraut soup to trap adult insects; use the insect's phototropism to black light lamps to trap adult insects.
(3) When the amount of insects occurs large, the following agents can be sprayed: 20% cypermethrin emulsion 1500 times liquid; or 4.5% high-efficiency cypermethrin water emulsion 1300 ~ 2700 times liquid.
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > grape moth</h1>
The larvae eat leaves into missing carvings and holes, and do not pay attention to them in the juvenile stage, and can eat the whole branch and the whole leaf in the mature binge eating period, leaving only the petiole and branches, which seriously affects the yield.
(1) The overwintering pupa of the insect will be mostly laid in the topsoil layer near the roots of the old vines and the frame of the tree, and when the base fertilizer is applied in autumn, the topsoil is turned into a deep layer to eliminate some of the overwintering pupae; the larvae are frightened and easy to fall, and the larvae are artificially hunted; the adult insects are trapped by the phototropism of the black light lamp
(2) The following agents can be used for control: 20% insecticidal urea suspension 3000~3500 times liquid; or 2.2% methyl vitamin salt emulsion 2000~2500 times liquid; or 4.5% high-efficiency cypermethrin water emulsion 2500~3000 times liquid.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > grape mealybug</h1>
Nymphs and female adults suck the sap of buds, leaves, fruits, branches and roots, and the young branches and roots are often swollen and easy to split and die; the young fruits are mostly affected into deformed fruits; excretion of honeydew often causes coal disease and affects photosynthesis.
(1) Scrape the cracks on the branches in winter, use a hard brush to remove the overwintering egg sacs, and burn them in a concentrated manner; pay attention to protecting and draining natural enemies such as ladybugs and grasshoppers.
(2) In the first generation of nymph occurrence, that is, before the fruit bagging is the key stage of drug control, you can choose to spray: 25% thiamethoxine water dispersible granules 4000 ~ 5000 times liquid; or 20% cypermethrin emulsion 1500 ~ 2000 times liquid; or 3% acetamidine emulsion 1500 ~ 3000 times liquid, etc., in order to improve the insecticidal effect, you can mix 0.1% ~ 0.2% of the washing powder in the liquid.
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > grape nocturnal moth</h1>
The adult beak end is membranous, lacks the ability to pierce healthy peels, and sucks juice from peel wounds or rotten rot, accelerating fruit rot and shedding. The larvae are infested with leaves, straightening their bodies and clinging to the branches or bark. Mature larvae pupate in dead leaves.
(1) In winter, pay attention to the removal of wild hosts near the orchard; the fruit is close to the ripening period of bagging.
(2) During the larval occurrence period, the following agents can be used: 90% crystalline dimethoate 1000 to 2000 times liquid; 4.5% high efficiency cypermethrin water emulsion 2500 to 3000 times liquid; 20% cypermethrin emulsion 1500 to 2000 times liquid.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > grape tiger tianniu</h1>
The larvae feed mainly on annual branches. Hatching larvae mostly moth into the stem from the base of the bud, mostly moth to the base, the damage area becomes black, the tunnel is filled with insect feces and does not discharge, the affected branches wither and are easily windy, and a large number of new shoots wither and break the vine phenomenon occur in May to June every year.
(1) When pruning in winter, the blackened branches will be cut and burned to eliminate the overwintering larvae; during the growth period, according to the emergence of wilted new shoots, look for larvae near the break and manually kill; during the adult occurrence period, pay attention to hunting adult insects.
(2) Poisoning larvae: Cotton can be dipped in 80% dichlorvos or 40% Lego emulsion 10 times liquid to block the worm hole.
(3) When the amount of occurrence is large, spray during the adult bloom period: 10% crystalline dimethodium 500 times liquid (safety interval of more than 28 days), or 10% cypermethrin 1500 times liquid (safety interval of more than 15 days).
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > grape phylloxera</h1>
Adult, nymphs suck the sap of leaves and roots, and divide into two types: leaf gall type and nodule type. There are only nodule types on european system grapes, and both are found on American system grapes.
Leaf gall type: the affected leaves bulge into sacs to the back of the leaves, the insects suck in the gall, reproduce, and the leaves are deformed and atrophied, and the fertility is poor or even dead.
Nodule type: the coarse root is damaged to form a gall tumor, the posterior gall tumor becomes brown and decayed, the cortex is cracked, and the root is damaged to form a rhomboid nodule. Rhizomas often decay during the rainy season, causing the cortex to crack and fall off, and vascular bundles to be destroyed, thus affecting the absorption and transport of nutrients and water by roots. At the same time, susceptible bacteria are infected to exacerbate decay.
(1) Cultivate insect-resistant varieties; strengthen quarantine and prevent and control spread; cultivate in sand and cultivate rootless aphid seedlings.
(2) For plants infested with phylloxera, the soil should be removed and renewed, and 1.5% Leguo powder should be sprinkled with 0.75 to 1 kg per plant after planing. It can also be irrigated with 50% anti-aphid 2000 times liquid in early and mid-May, 10 to 15 kg per plant.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > Taiwan yellow poison moth</h1>
The larvae feed on leaves into gaps or holes, and the adults suck the juice of grape fruit in clusters. The hatching larvae inhabit the plant and gradually disperse after 3 instars. Adults are phototropic.
(1) Timely removal of dead branches and leaves, centralized treatment, reduce the source of insects; carefully check the leaf back at the egg stage, and find that the egg blocks are picked and destroyed centrally; in the larval stage, use its suspended death, lay a film on the ground, shake the branches, collect the fallen larvae and destroy them; use black lights to catch adult insects; protect and use natural enemies.
(2) In the early larval stage, the following agents can be used for control: 8000 IU/microliteric bacillus thuringis suspension 150 to 200 times liquid, or 90% crystalline dimethods 1000 times liquid, or 10% cypermethrin emulsion 3000 to 4000 times liquid spraying.