As of August 2020, according to the 2019 Bulletin on the State of China's Ecology and Environment issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, more than 660 invasive alien species have been detected throughout China.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > morphological characteristics</h1>
Female adults: body black brown, 1.45 to 1.6 mm long, with 3 red single eyes, slightly triangular arrangement; antennae 9 segments; the dorsal plate of the anterior thorax is black brown, the mid-thorax shield has 1 "V" shape or an inverted triangle from the anterior edge of the black brown mid-leaf, the rest of the yellow; the wings are transparent and colorless, the wing cilia are black brown, the wing veins are brown, the abdomen is brown, the back is darker than the ventral surface, the anterior and posterior foot basal segments are yellow, the basal segments of the midfoot are pale white, the leg segments are brown, and the laying apparatus sheath is not prominent and hidden in the abdomen.
Male adults: lighter in body color than females, 1.0 to 1.15 mm long external genitalia elongated, long and prominent impotent stems, and 1 pair of ventral protrusions.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > biological characteristics </h1>
The T. chinensis wasp is a pest of the genus Tung.
Females are highly fertile and use an egg layer to puncture the host epidermis before spawning, laying eggs in the host's new leaves, petioles, shoots or young shoot epidermal tissue.
After hatching, the larvae feed on mesophyll tissue, causing mesoplasmic tissue distortion.
Due to the protective response of the plant, the affected area gradually expands and forms a gall.
The larvae complete their development in the gall and pupate internally, and the adults feather and bite a feathered hole with a diameter of 3 to 4 mm and crawl out of the feathered hole.
The worm has a short life cycle, about 30 days in 1 generation, multiple generations in 1 year, and the generation overlap is serious.
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > geographical distribution</h1>
Native to Mauritius, Reunion, Singapore, USA (Hawaii).
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > invasion history</h1>
It was first discovered in Hawaii, USA, in 2005, and has since been found in many other regions to seriously harm Tung thorn plants.
In 2005, a serious hazard was found in the thorn tree growing area of Kerala in southern India.
In July 2005, it was first discovered in Shenzhen, followed by Xiamen City in Fujian Province, Sanya City and Wanning County in Hainan Province.
It is now distributed in Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and Hainan.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > intrusion hazard</h1>
The wasps are seriously harmful to the plants of the genus Tung, and after the tung is damaged, the leaves often curl, and deformities appear in the front and back of the leaves and the petiole, resulting in enlarged galls at the injured places.
Severe galls cause slow growth and lack of vitality, and severe damage causes a large number of leaves to fall and even plant death.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > prevention and control method</h1>
Strengthen the re-inspection and follow-up monitoring of the transferred tung plants, and implement strict quarantine on the import of tung plants from the countries in the affected areas. Strictly control the introduction of tung seedlings with insects into nature reserves.
The leaves and young branches of the small bee tree found to have thorny trees are pruned, and the galls and branches that fall on the ground are cleaned up, and the leaves and young branches are burned centrally or pits are dug to prevent spread.
Newly occurring isolated outbreak sites and plants are cut down and destroyed in situ, and spray prevention of thorn trees around the occurrence area.
