With the arrival of the autumn season, the temperature gradually fell, a variety of garden plants began to enter the autumn growth stage, and at the same time it is the peak period of disease and insect harm, a variety of leaf-eating pests will hatch into pupae after feeding, and some will form cocoons after eating leaves for wintering. Therefore, it is extremely important to do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insects in autumn, reduce the number of insect populations in the following year, and ensure the normal growth of garden plant leaves.
1. Aphids
Aphids are important pests of garden plants, mainly occurring in spring and autumn, as the temperature continues to drop in autumn, some aphids begin to fly back to the host to prepare for wintering. The secretions of aphids are easy to induce coal pollution disease, which in severe cases causes the death of garden plants. The main aphids in autumn are the hairy poplar aphid, the purple weed long spotted aphid, the peach powder aphid, the luan polymorphic hairy aphid, the meadowsweet aphid, the moon-season long-tube aphid, the autumn four-veined cotton aphid, the willow black aphid, the Indian tail aphid and so on.
Prevention and control methods:
1. Combined with plant pruning, cut off the branches with insect eggs;
2. Spray prevention and control during the peak spawning period before wintering. For example, spray 1.2% bitter niacin emulsion 800 to 1000 times liquid, or 6% imidacloprid emulsion 3000 to 4000 times liquid, or 5% acetamidine emulsion 5000 to 6000 times liquid, or 0.3% matrine water agent 1000 to 1200 times liquid, or 0.5% reedine soluble liquid 800 to 1000 times liquid, pay attention to safety when spraying.
3. The use of adult aphids has a strong tendency to yellow, and the yellow armyworm board is hung to trap the winged adult aphids.
4, pay attention to the protection and use of various natural enemies, natural enemies hatching peak do not use broad-spectrum pesticides.
5, per square meter with 100 grams of 3% furandan granules, directly applied to the rhizosphere of some flower shrubs can also effectively control aphids.
2. Bugs are insect pests
Bug weevils are hemiptera, and both adults and nymphs are infested by sucking the leaves of garden plants, causing their leaves to lose green and their plants to shrink. Bugs generally overwinter as adults, and in the fall, most of them begin to look for hidden places to prepare for the winter. When the prevention and control is not timely, when the harm is serious, it often causes the occurrence of coal pollution disease. The main insect pests in autumn are hemp skin bugs, tea wing bugs, red ridge bugs, spot bee edge bugs and pear crown reticulated bugs.
(1) Adult insects are artificially captured during the wintering period, or dead branches and leaves and weeds are removed, and concentrated burning can eliminate overwintering adult insects.
(2) Spray 6% imidacloprid emulsion 3000 to 4000 times liquid, or 50% octyl thiophosphorus emulsion 800 to 1000 times liquid, or 2.5% cypermethrin emulsion 2500 to 3000 times liquid, or 1.2% bitter smoke emulsion 800 to 1000 times liquid and other pesticides.
(3) Protect natural enemies, such as grasshoppers, spiders, etc.
3. Dried moths
Autumn is the peak of damage to dried moths, such as celestial bulls, wood beetle moths and other larvae. Some tianniu still have adult insects in autumn, but most of the larvae of tianniu continue to excrete feces in the phloem and xylem of the tree, and the larvae located in the phloem are pest up to early and mid-November, and the larvae located in the xylem are pest up to late November. The larvae of the wood beetle moth are some under the tree pupae or overwinter in the tree. The main dried moth pests controlled in autumn are: bare-shouldered star tianniu, mulberry tianniu, peach-necked tianniu, aromatic wood beetle moth, elm beetle moth, small line horn wood beetle moth, as well as national locust small curl moth and Ailanthus groove orbital elephant and so on.
1. For Tianniu pests
(1) Adult insecticide is the root of control, for the autumn there are still adult tianniu can be sprayed with 8% of the green Willy 300 times to 400 times liquid for the second time; artificial killing of adult insects.
(2) Autumn is the initial stage of the damage of Tianniu larvae, at this time, octyl thiophos 200~ 300 times liquid should be sprayed on the tree, and if conditions permit, spray once every 10 days, which can effectively kill Tianniu larvae. Before the larvae enter the xylem, they can spray the trunk or apply glue mud with 50% borer pine emulsion.
(3) The tree is dried, using strong systemic pesticides such as acetamidine and imidacloprid, and injecting 1 ml according to the diameter of the tree chest every 1 cm.
(4) In the planning and design, pay attention to the mixed planting of trees, avoid the harm of a single tree species from the same kind of Tianniu, and reduce the harm and spread of Tianniu.
2. For wood beetle moths
(1) Strengthen management, enhance tree potential, and cut down severely damaged branches to reduce the source of insects;
(2) Install insecticidal lamps to trap adult insects;
(3) Spray killing of hatching larvae for hatching larvae that have not yet been mothed into the dry, can be sprayed with 50% octylthion emulsion 1000 to 1500 times liquid, 40% oxidation of Leguo emulsion 1500 times liquid spray poisoning, the effect is good.
(4) Inject insect holes and poison the larvae in the holes, and inject the worm holes with veterinary syringe for the middle and old larvae that have been mothed into the dry. Absorbent drugs such as 40% oxidized Lego emulsion 40 to 60 times liquid, or 80% dichlorvos emulsion 20 to 30 times liquid can be used.
(5) Tree drying, using 6% imidacloprid emulsion or 5% acetamidine emulsion, according to the diameter of the tree chest every 1 cm, injection of 1 or 1.5 ml, can effectively control adult egg laying and larval damage in the trunk.
【To be continued】