Autumn is the harvest season, but autumn is also the peak period for the larvae of the red-necked tianniu and mulberry cattle to harm the branches of peach, plum, apricot, apple and other fruit tree branches, seriously affecting the growth of fruit trees, resulting in the death of the entire fruit tree. This article summarizes the occurrence characteristics, occurrence rules and prevention methods of Tianniu, for reference only.
<h1>Red-necked celestial bull</h1>
The body is black and shiny; the dorsal plate of the anterior thorax is red, with 4 smooth warts on the back, with lateral spines; the elytra are smooth, the base is wider than the anterior thorax, and the end is tapered; the antennae of males exceed the body length by 4 to 5 segments, and the females exceed 1 to 2 segments.
<h1>Harmful features</h1>
Hazard objects: mainly harm stone fruits, such as peaches, apricots, cherries, plums, plums, etc., but also harm willow, poplar, oak, persimmons, walnuts, peppers and so on. The larvae moth into the xylem hazard, causing the branches to hollow, the tree is weak, and in severe cases, the plant can die.
Hazard symptoms: The rosy-necked ox mainly harms the xylem, and the eggs are mostly produced in the crevices of the bark of the weak branches of the tree, and the larvae hatch and feed on the phloem. After the larvae regain their activity the following spring, they continue to feed downward from the cortex to the xylem surface, initially forming a short oval moth tunnel with a depression in the middle. After June, it is mothed into xylem from the middle of the moth road, and the moth road is irregular. The larvae then feed from top to bottom and moth into curved, irregular holes in the trunk, some up to 50 cm long. On closer inspection, there are often a large number of excreted reddish-brown fecal debris outside the borer hole in the trunk and on the ground. Larvae are endangered within the main moth tunnel. From June to July, adult insects are feathered, and the activity is most popular from 12:00 to 14:00. The eggs are laid in the main stem of the epidermis cracks, without grooves. The main trunk and main branches of the moth are flat and irregular, and the moth is filled with wood chips and insect droppings, and when the damage is severe, the base of the trunk is scarred, and a large amount of reddish-brown insect feces and moth chips are accumulated. The sludge is coarsely sawdust-shaped and partially excreted.
<h1>Regularity of occurrence</h1>
2 to 3 years and 1 generation, with larvae of all ages overwintering. The host began to act evil after germination. The larvae feed on the trunk, and initially feed under the skin gradually deeper into the xylem, drilling into a vertical and horizontal worm path, reaching the center of the trunk, feeding up and down, and discharging wood chip-like feces to facilitate the outside of the worm road. The damaged branches cause glue and weaken the growth.
<h1>Green, integrated prevention and control</h1>
Agricultural control
1) Catch adult insects: Between June and July, adult insects occur in full bloom and can be captured by hand. The best time to catch is two, before 6 a.m. and when the sun comes out after heavy rain. With a long bamboo pole tied with an iron hook, hook the branches and shake them vigorously, and the pests will fall to the ground and catch them one by one. Manual capture speed is fast, the effect is good, save labor and medicine, and do not pollute the environment. After the peach-necked cattle pupae are feathered, during the adult activities from June to July, the adult insects can be used to have the habit of resting branches from noon to 3 p.m., and the personnel can be organized to catch them in the orchard, which can achieve better control results.
2) Whitening the trunk: Between April and May, that is, before the adult insects are feathered, the trunk and main branches can be painted with "white coating agent". The bark is cracked and the gaps are coated to prevent the adults from laying eggs. Taking advantage of the peach-necked ox's fear of white habits, the main trunk and main branches of the peach tree are whitened before the adults occur, so that the adults dare not stay on the main trunk and main branches to lay eggs. The whitening agent can be prepared with quicklime, sulfur and water in the ratio of 10:1:40; the branches can also be painted with the sediment of the stone sulfur compound of the year.
3) Assassination of larvae: The larvae of the pink-necked cattle hatched before September are mothed under the bark, at this time, small reddish-brown insect feces can be found on the main trunk and main branches, and once the insect feces are found, the larvae are killed by cutting the bark with a sharp knife. Branches can also be inspected in the spring of the following year, and once the branches are found to have reddish-brown sawdust feces, the larvae in the xylem are dug up with a sharp knife to kill.
chemical control
1) Pharmaceutical control: according to the different growth periods of pests, different methods are adopted. In June and July, when adults are in full bloom and the larvae have just hatched, spray 1000 times liquid with 50% borer pine emulsion or 2000 times liquid with 10% imidacloprid on the tree body, once every 7-10 days. Spray several times in a row.
During the larval infestation period, the following agents can be used for control:
(1) Insert the worm hole with a special aluminum phosphide poison stick to kill the Tianniu larvae;
(2) Cut into sections with hundreds of plant roots and stuff them into worm holes, and seal the holes tightly to kill the larvae. In addition, the timely felling of trees that have died is also an effective way to reduce the source of insects.