(Source: Original: Jun Yano, Monogatari)
In the hot summer, in the insect world, in addition to the "annoying spirit" - knowing that they can sing monotonous songs, there are also grasshoppers, grasshoppers, crickets and other singing masters.
Various orthoptera insects
However, these straight-winged songbirds are like a group of twin brothers, and it is really "brain shell pain" to separate them into A, B, C, and D.
How can you, who loves insects, not want to call out its name like a friend? Today, Iino Jun will talk about how to distinguish this group of "twin brothers"!
The full text is too long to read the version:
1. Crickets, crickets, and locusts are common names for Chinese, while grasshoppers, grasshoppers, and grasshoppers are commonly known in the world. Crickets and crickets are common names.
2. Grasshoppers and grasshoppers are not one insect, but two families, the grasshopper family and the grasshopper family.
3. Commonly known as "grasshopper" is a collective name for a variety of locust insects, and the Shanghai area mostly refers to the short-fronted negative locust (Atractomorpha sinensis).
4. The method of quickly identifying crickets, crickets, locusts and moths looks at four points: antenna length, body color, tail whiskers, and forefoots, and the specific identification methods are as follows ↓↓↓:
Knowledge feed
1. There are too many titles, and the silly cannot be distinguished
Grasshoppers, crickets, grasshoppers are all orthoptera insects, body length generally varies between 4 and 115 mm, the forewings are narrow and leathery, covering the back of the body when resting, called the wings; the hindwing membranous, when resting, is folded fan-like longitudinal folds under the forewings, and the wing veins are flat. Some species have wings that degenerate into scales, some have broad forewings, and males specialize in the elbow-gluteal region into a pronunciation structure, with the two forewings rubbing against each other.
The order Orthoptera is divided into suborder crickets and locusts, of which crickets, crickets, locusts can be regarded as Chinese common names, while grasshoppers, grasshoppers, and grasshoppers are commonly known as common names. Next, Xiaobian will analyze them specifically
2. Grasshoppers, grasshoppers and locusts
Locusts are the suborder Locusts, commonly known as "grasshoppers", including three types: Tetrigoidea, Eumastacoidea, and Pyrgomorphidae. Readers are reminded here that in taxonomy, grasshoppers and grasshoppers have morphological differences, so they are divided into two families.
The family Tetrigoidea is also known as the family P. rhododendron. The dorsal plate of the forebrea of insects in the family Grasshopper is particularly developed, extending backwards to the end of the abdomen, and the end is pointed and diamond-shaped, so it is called the rhomboid locust. Their forewings degenerate into scales; the hindwings are well developed and devoid of pronouncers and auditors.
Taiwanese horned grasshopper, Rhopalotettix taiwanensis
The Eumastacoidea is a rarer and more primitive group of small insects, some of which are thought to have survived from the Tertiary period. Due to the special face of the head, it resembles a horse face and is called a horse face grasshopper, and because the antennae are shorter than the forefoot segment, it is also called a short-horned grasshopper.
Most species live in tropical and subtropical bushes or wooded areas, and are not abundant in the country.
Dorn Grasshopper, Erianthus dohrni Bolivar
Back to "grasshoppers". What we commonly call grasshoppers does not refer specifically to a certain insect, but to a variety of orthoptera insects that we commonly refer to. It can be a short-fronted negative locust, a Chinese sword horn locust, a wart locust, and so on.
The Chinese sword horn locust tentacles are sword-shaped, and the body color is yellow-green or brown. The lateral ridge of the dorsal plate of the anterior thorax has a pale longitudinal stripe. The hindwings are almost entirely blackish brown. The underside of the posterior femoral segment is red. There are three black transverse spots on the inside, a pronounced pale anterior knee ring on the outside, and a black knee. The tibial segment of the hind foot is red with a black base and a pale ring near the base.
Chinese sword horn locust
In addition to the Chinese sword horn locust, the common locust insects in China include the East Asian flying locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis), the yellow ridge bamboo locust (Ceracrs kiangsu) and so on
East Asian locusts
Yellow-ridged bamboo locust
3. Crickets and crickets
The body is larger, the body length is about 40 mm, the body is mostly grass green, gray, dark gray, etc., the wing is membranous, more fragile, the front beak is inclined downwards, generally with the left wing covering the right wing. Ants are actually a general term, and can be subdivided into several categories such as crickets, grasshoppers, and stove horses.
The more familiar "grasshopper" insect is a type of grasshopper, the scientific name of the elegant grasshopper (Gampsocleis gratiosa). The graceful grasshopper is about 28–50 mm long, a very large individual female or close to 70 mm, stout, medium-sized, and usually grass-green in color. The male has a pronouncer on the forewing, a pair of auditors at the base of the tibia segment of the forefoot, a very developed hindfoot leg segment, 4 tarsal segments, a short tail whisker, and an egg layer knife or sword.
Elegant grasshoppers
Gryllacridoidea has a large head, usually very long antennae, an unexpansion of the anterior dorsal plate of the forethia, a spine in the basal segment of the forefoot, and a lack of hearing vessels in the tibia of the forefoot. Males lack a voice-talking apparatus for the forewings, the tail whiskers are undivided, and the females have developed egg-laying lobes. Crickets are the most easily confused with crickets. In the following article, I will tell the reader how to distinguish between crickets and crickets.
Crickets
Camel ant, also known as stove horse, eastern Sichuan folk and Fujian Longyan Hakka area called "stove chicken". The body length is 36-38 mm, the body color is reddish brown to black brown, the body is broad, the body back is protruding or hunchback-like, so it belongs to the camel cockroach. The dorsal plate of the front chest has 2 inconspicuous longitudinal stripes, no wings, and the hind legs rub and sing. The limbs are long, the joints and tibia are spines, the nodules are yellowish-white, the hind feet and leg segments are unusually thick, and the lateral margins are pale yellowish brown with linear markings.
Camels
Another well-known songbird is the family Gryllidae, commonly known as "crickets", known in ancient times as "weaving". Crickets are mostly yellowish brown to dark brown, with less uniform body color, and most of them are variegated. Crickets are barrel-shaped, with two long tail whiskers at the end of the abdomen on thick hind legs and, if females, an egg-laying tube longer than the tail whiskers.
Mika fighting crickets
So the same are all song insects, how to distinguish between ants and crickets? They mainly have the following differences.
l Cylindrical in body shape, the body color is mostly green to brown, cricket body size is slightly flattened, the body color is black brown
l 4 sections of posterior tarsal section of the ant and 3 sections of the posterior tarsal section of the cricket
l The tail of the cricket is short; the tail of the cricket is long
4. Caddisflies
Speaking of this slug, the editor who currently lives in the suburbs is very familiar with them. In the summer and autumn season, from time to time on the editor's desk, a few "teeth and claws" will fall on the grasshoppers, disturbing the editor to read and write.
Grylloidea has antennae shorter than body length, broad and thick forefoots suitable for excavation, the forefoot is an excavated foot, the tibia end is palm-shaped, and there are cracked auditors on the inside of the base of the tibia segment of the forefoot. The midfoot is unchanged, it is a general walking style, and the hindfoot foot joint is not developed. Short wings. The hindwings are membranous, fan-shaped, broad and soft. The tail whiskers are long.
Caddisflies
5. Discernment tips
Having said all that, when we encounter a orthoptera insect, we can't be sure which of the crickets, crickets, locusts, and moths it is, how can we quickly judge it? Let the editor present the picture to it~
In fact, I know, even if it comes to this, maybe everyone is still stupid and can't tell the difference, what to do? There is always a sense of powerlessness in written expression, or come to participate in our activities, let Peng Three-year-old and Teacher Bian Spade teach you by hand
bibliography
1. Liu Xianwei , Jin Xingbao . 1993. List of Chinese Antes . Entomological Research Journal, 11: 99–118
2. Li Yunrui Editor-in-Chief. Agricultural Entomology. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2006.1
3. Zheng Zhemin. Taxonomy of Locusts[M] Xi'an: Shaanxi Normal University Press, 1995: 132-135
4. Ma Libin. Systematic study of crickets in China (Orthoptera: Crickets)[D].Northwest A&F University, 2011
5. Zhang Hongxi, Zhou Zhifang. Study on grasshoppers[J]. Journal of Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, 1992(2):18-25
END
Wen | Huang Haorong
ay! Confused and called "grasshopper" for so many years!