Bell and Drum Tower
Those who love ancient poetry must be familiar with the Ming Dynasty Caizi Xie Jin's "You Huili Temple": "The spring water flowed in front of the Huili Temple, and the Feifei fangcao was full of Tingzhou." Ten years less than Linjiang County, still Green Pine painting building. ”
Wind and rain wash away the lead in the world. The thousand-year-old capital city of Linjiang is now just a small town of about 50,000 people in the jurisdiction of Zhangshu City, lonely day and night listening to Yuan Jiangshui gently chanting and singing away.
On the day of the visit to the ancient town, after a long rain, the fog filled the air, adding a bit of mystery. I thought, perhaps, lifting the veil of fog, the former linjiang ancient city must be pouring into the city.
Bell and Drum Tower Square
A thousand years is like a dream. The ancient city of Linjiang has disappeared into the long sky of history with fishing songs, trumpets and sunsets. Such a place is suitable for cooking wine and tasting tea, suitable for sitting and meditating, and suitable for listening to crickets under the roots of the old city wall without hurrying and lyricism. Those colorful prosperity, those former dance hall song stages, can you find a way back?
In Jiangnan West Province, Linjiang during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty can be compared to any city. As a "zhouche kong road, four land", Linjiang is one of the 33 major industrial and commercial tax towns in the Ming Dynasty, with "30,000 households in the city and 8,000 smoke outside the city" at its peak, with a population of about 200,000, and is the political, economic and cultural center of Ganzhong. At that time, "the guests from all over the world traveled slowly, and Wu Shang Shu Jia walked the horse", and Linjiang became a timely looking county that the world yearned for.
Jiaolou of ancient Linjiang Province
With the passage of time, Linjiang gradually drifted away from the world's vision and became increasingly lonely. However, history cannot be forgotten. It's time for a meaningful retrospective of this dusty ancient town.
Linjiang belonged to the southwest of Yangzhou in ancient times, and during the Spring and Autumn Warring States period, it was successively subordinate to Wu, Yue, and Chu, while Qin was subordinate to Jiujiang County, and Han was under the jurisdiction of Yuzhang County. At the beginning of the Southern Dynasty Liang Tianjian, around 510 AD, Emperor Wu of Liang's nephew Xiao Li the Marquis of Wuping attacked and sealed here, and was named "Xiao Tan" because of his surname. In the eighth year of Tang Wude (625), Xiaotan was the town. In the second year of the Southern Tang Dynasty (938), Wu Luan, the inspector of Xiaotan Town in Hongzhou, handed over the songbook: "The town land should be in southern Guangdong, and the four meetings of the pious and auspicious boat cars will rush, please be a county." In August of that year, the town of Shengxiaotan became Qingjiang County, and Wu Luan became the first Zhi County. In the third year of the Northern Song Dynasty (992), emperor Taizong Zhao Guangyi issued an order to set up 71 armies in the country, located in Xiaotan Town, at the intersection of the Ganjiang, Yuanjiang, and Xiaojiang rivers, which was set up as the Linjiang Army by the imperial court for the benefit of water and land, and had jurisdiction over the three counties of Qingjiang, Xingan, and Xinyu, starting his 920-year career as a capital city.
Linjiang Mansion Wanshou Palace
A large-scale city-building campaign began, first building an earthen city, clashing with floods, collapsing and reviving repeatedly, and then playing with war games, more than ten cruel offensive and defensive battles, the city was ruthlessly destroyed again and again, and was reborn like a phoenix in the fire. Linjiang people are really eager to use a city to support the umbrella of living and working in peace, through the Linjiang Road period of the Yuan Dynasty, they finally ushered in the era of brick city, ming zhengde seven years (1512), the prefect Xiong Xigu implemented the reconstruction of brick city project, the city wall height of 5.33 meters, the circumference of 5220 meters, a total of 2942 female walls. Linjiang City, which stands on the banks of the river, has ten gates, which are: "Guangjinan Fushouxian, Yuxian Xinghua on the riverside." The clear waves are beautiful and the civilization is beautiful, and the west is turned into a victory. "In the early morning, the city gate is opened, and the smile greets the guests and friends of the four seas; at dusk, the city gate is closed, and the wind and moon are boundlessly dreaming.
Linjiang Ancient Lane
In the second year of Ming Hongwu (1369), Linjiang Road was changed to Linjiang Province, and the three counties under its jurisdiction remained unchanged. In the fifth year of Jiajing (1526), Xiajiang County was added, and Linjiang moved towards the peak of development. 36 years later, the Ming court set up the Huxi Branch Shoudao Bureau in Linjiang, which had jurisdiction over the three provinces of Linjiang, Jizhou, and Yuanzhou. According to the "Governance of Qingjiang County", at this time, Linjiang City, which was gradually entering a good state, had 9 squares, 6 boxes, 30 streets, and 31 lanes, and its population density was unprecedented. There is a poetry cloud: "Wanjing light smoke floating tiles, a hook of the moon hanging in the west of the city." ”
Where the rush is bound to spawn a booming economy. As the hub of Jiangnan West Province, Linjiang is famous for its prosperity and wealth, and the traditional trade is based on cotton, citrus, timber, tea, medicinal herbs, salt as the bulk, and its wood, medicinal materials and brewing industry are famous. Linjiang Wooden Gang, Longnan Gang and Hongdu Gang are known as the "Three Wooden Gangs of Jiangxi", which became the "Dragon Head Big Brother" during the Republic of China period, and opened more than 3,000 timber trading houses throughout the country. There is a poem as evidence: "Houli career asked wood merchants, this year's price is higher than last year's." Near the half of the township is a linjiang passenger, cutting off the Xiaotan water side. "In the pharmaceutical industry, the Linjiang Gang is shoulder to shoulder with the Beijing Gang and the Sichuan Gang, and its name moves China. Qian Shiyong, a Qing Dynasty Linjiang Beimen man, said in the "Collected Writings of the Sending Garden": "Most of the people in Qingjiang are known as Jia Wen, although those who are poetry and eunuchs are not able to make a living. He also said, "Most of them are congjia, and Jia will take medicine, Chu, Yue, Dian, Qian, Wu, Yue, Yu, Shu, and those who take medicine are more Qingjiang people." "The rule of Qingjiang County, from 938 to 1950 AD, was located in Linjiang and existed for 1013. As for the brewing industry, the song dynasty patriotic poet Lu You has long made up his mind: "Famous wine comes to Qingjiang, and the tender color is like a new goose." From sweet mash to cooked yellow wine to the fierce and unrestrained earthen roast, Linjiang wine is fragrant in the ordinary days of the people, giving birth to the erotic mood of "the amount of wine swallows the spring sea, and the poetry shoulders tower the mountains at night".
Linjiang Ancient Town
Linjiang stands out, when the culture is prosperous in the Zhao and Song Dynasties, and the abundant poetry river nourishes this town of "Nan, Qian, Ji, Yuan, and Hongzhichong". As the main body of education in feudal society, the academy was born. "There is a academy in Linjiang, starting from Song Zhangqia and Li Liwu to Ming Liangyin and Yisheng." The 15 academies are embedded like pearls in and around the city, among which there are xiaojiang, qianlin, longgang, Mingzong, Zhangshan, Mingjing, Qingjiang, Yunyan, Leyu, Sun Gong, Shilong, and Yanggao Academy, which have lit the lamp of civilization in the ancient city for 700 years, so that the fragrance of books can be used to educate all sentient beings in the red dust.
Ancient street
Historical relics are scattered in the streets and alleys, light or dark, a kind of chilling silence. They kept the secrets of linjiang and were silent. How many people come and go, smile at each other, forget each other. Anyone who remembers dusting the altar?
Walking between the quiet light and shadow of the river, I gradually became trance-like, and I crossed time and space with several doubts, dreaming back to the glorious capital city.
Nowadays, the first attraction of the ancient town is naturally the first to promote the "Grand View Building".
At the intersection of Fuqian Street and Xianqian Street, there is a tower facing north and south, with thick green bricks as the wall, and the building is three stories high, with a wooden structure and a mountaintop. This is the DaguanLou, which was built in the Song Dynasty and served as the gate watchtower of the Yamen where the Linjiang Army, the Road, and the Government are located, and is the only existing site of the Taitou Gate of fuzhi Dao in Jiangxi Province. Climbing the tower can overlook the yuan shui up and down, inside and outside the ancient city, the distant mountains are like Dai, the cooking smoke is thick, the scenery is picturesque, and the view is unobstructed. During the Ming Dynasty, Linjiang Province's Tongzhi Wang Zuo had the "Yu Lou" (谯楼): "When the dangerous building falls, it will crown the west of the lake, and the painting building will fly and blow the color of the neon." The mountains and rivers on all sides are magnificent, and the two instruments are clear and turbid. Gong Huang is now a good name in ancient times, and the guests and hosts are all beautiful in the southeast. Jianghan is as popular as yesterday, and it may be given without leaving a question. What makes linjiang people most talk about is that Wang Anshi, who was praised by Lenin as "China's eleventh-century reformer", was born in the residence of Yannei in Linjiang Province, and was later called "Wei Song Tang", and said conclusively that this writer and politician stayed until he was 7 years old before leaving Linjiang City. Wang Anshi's father, Wang Yi, did serve as a judge of the Linjiang Army during the Tianxi period, assisting Chen Zhigu, the third son of a generation of financial officials Chen Shu, in managing the military, civil, military, and political affairs of Linjiang, but as for Wang Anshi's birthplace, it is still a controversial topic.
Wangjin Building
Between Daguanlou and Qingjiang Middle School is the famous Wanshougong Lane, where a dense Qing Dynasty architectural complex survives. The plaque of "Qingjiang Household Bureau" is still recognizable, and the original site was originally a three-entry bungalow before and after, and on October 9, 1930, the Qingjiang County Workers' and Peasants' and Soldiers' Soviet Government was established here, and the chairman was Chen Wenzhen. House No. 3 is the former site of the ancient private school "Yinxiang Book House", and there is a couplet in front of the door: "Yinfeng Lane Moon Luxi Grass, Incense Shadow Thin and Jingmei." "During the Republic of China period, Wu Maosong, the county magistrate of Qingjiang County, personally taught students here. Strolling in the antique bluestone alleys, the mist can not hide the wind and frost of a thousand years, vaguely see the people of Jiefu Lane greeting the figure of Ruixue and Chun Nafu, vaguely see Mr. Dongpo returning from lectures, drunken and hazy, slipping on the stone, and even leaving the whip on the street of Bianzai Street, and its famous article "Elk of the River" and the legend of Whip Street are widely circulated. Built in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, the Wanshou Palace, with a depth of five entrances and an area of 1430 square meters, is undoubtedly a representative work of linjiang ancient architecture, its gate is the top of the mountain, the bluestone gate wall is like emerald, the hall is deep, the smoke is swirling, and the bamboo carvings, birds, and dramatic figures can be seen everywhere between the beams and trees. Interestingly, Taoist, Buddhist, and folk gods gather here, demonstrating the inclusiveness of the Linjiang people. According to records, Linjiang once had more than 20 temples and nunneries, 56 arches, and the religious culture was extremely prosperous. Today, the person in charge of guarding the Wanshou Palace is Deng Jinghui, a septuagenarian who has been watching over these architectural treasures for more than twenty years, working diligently, for fear of a little mistake. The old man told me in dialect about the history of the storms in the Wanshou Palace, such as several family treasures, with deep affection. She is clearly a grandmother next door, interpreting the character of Linjiang people who are generous, charitable and tolerant of the world.
The newly renovated Fuqian Street has become the epitome of The prosperity of Linjiang yesterday. Baofeng Pharmacy, Fuchun Zhai Cake Shop, Datong Gong pawn shop, Li Kuixing Silver Building, Yuncheng Dye shop, Longxing Hotel, Ao HeChang TubuZhuang, Yihe Xiang Oil and Salt Industry, Tongshengjia Bamboo and Wood Industry, Cui Yongshun Qianzhuang, Xietai Jade Silk Shop, these old Linjiang shop representatives, with a unique expression to remember the city such as fireworks. The old houses sometimes came into my eyes, the moss went up the steps, and the walls left Chinese paintings created by rainwater. The residential buildings in Linjiang combine the styles of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, Gandi, Anhui hui and Fujian, with two-story brick and wood structures, green tile roofs, single eaves hard mountains, and a combination of beam lifting and bucket styles, which are rich and beautiful. Numerous houses and shops are arranged along the terrain, twisting and winding, and lined up one after another, forming the flower-like appearance of the ancient city.
Yongzhen Tower
The famous bell tower is located at the confluence of Minzhu Street and Fuqian Street. An old proverb says: "There is an Emei Mountain in Sichuan, and there is still three feet and three feet away from the sky; there is a bell and drum tower in Linjiang, and there is a section in the sky." Regarding the basic appearance of the bell tower, in the autumn of the sixteenth year of Qing Guangxu (1890), the prefect Wang Shaohai wrote the "Monument to the Bell Tower of Jianfu County": "The building has four floors, a total height of seven zhang and four feet, the foundation is twelve zhang from east to west, and the south to north is counted as six zhang and eight feet." He went out of his way to record the situation and structure of each layer in detail. The bell tower and the Grand View Tower "confront, rocky and rocky, the weather is ever-changing, the twilight bell roars, rumbles, and the upper reaches of the Xiaohan", this ancient Linjiang building "Double Xiong", has become a sign for people from the south to the north to identify the city of Linjiang Province. When Xie Jin passed by by boat, he remembered this scene and wrote it in poetry: "The wind clips the bell transition mouth, and the moon moves the shadow of the building to the heart of the river." Zhu Xi had a special affection for Linjiang Province, as he wrote: "A thousand miles of smoke and waves and a leaf boat, three years is already two passes." "The bell tower in front of you was rebuilt on the original site in 2007, and although it is not the original, it is still a good place to chase the past.
Along the lower street of the river, I searched for the ruins of the ancient pier of Xinghuamen. The remaining mashi probed into the gushing Water of the Yuan River. Boats slowly circle the ancient town, seemingly salvaging old times. Master Zeng, who was washing clothes with his wife Huan, warmly pointed out to me the ruins of the Reception Hall and the Yidu Bureau, and told me about the memories of Linjiang in the lush years. I suddenly remembered that the ancients had vividly outlined the face of LinjiangFu City: the county city was like a boat, the bell and drum tower was a tree, and the Grand View Tower was a hatch.
The green mountains could not be covered, the Yuan River flowed east, the wind flowed away, and there was no trace of the long sky. Perhaps, the city of Linjiangfu, which is gradually drifting away, is like a huge boat full of goods, going to the winding waterway and never returning to its hometown.
alley
Qing officials came out of nowhere, writing about the Zhengrong Khan Qing of Linjiang Province; the hero drew his sword, eager to lift up the building and make up for the heavens. Petitioning for the people, jade shattering Xu Guo, benevolence, righteousness, wisdom and faith, such a plot and picture, into the body temperature of linjiang, is ultimately a kind of warmth.
According to legend, there are two lotus plants growing in the pool near the Daguanlou, which are gloomy and haggard when they meet the officials, and the leaves are lush and colorful when they meet the Qing officials, one red and one white, which is gratifying. In the process of its thousand-year growth and development, Linjiang has stepped out of the glorious galaxy of incorruptible officials and loyal and righteous people, who are like plum blossoms, dark incense floating moon, fragrant ancient city.
When Qin Yong,a servant from Wuxi, Jiangnan Province, walked into Linjiang City and took up the post of Qingjiang County Commander, the Ming Dynasty was already devastated, bandits were rampant, taxes were heavy, and the people were not happy. He started by reducing the burden on the people, reforming taxes, and designing hoes to eliminate bandits to stabilize the territory. In addition to government affairs, Qin Yong went into the fields, made friends with farmers, and wrote the "Five Persuasions and Four Forbidden Songs", singing about the countryside and the countryside, suppressing evil and promoting good. The "five persuasions" are: early completion of grain, public water conservancy, service of the industry, protection of the armour, and establishment of social warehouses; the "four prohibitions" are: prohibition of nest thieves, prohibition of sons and wives, prohibition of good litigation, and prohibition of light life and death. He "repaired the Mei family to defend against floods, Xinxiaotan Yi to travel in peace, Bao Dademen to ward off thugs, establish righteous warehouses to prepare for loans, and correct the eunuchs' ancestral ceremonies, without any leakage, in order to revitalize and civilize the customs of beauty." Qin Yong loved the grass and trees of Linjiang, and wrote the poem "Eight Views of Linjiang", and the love of fist and fist jumped on the paper. Five years later, Qin Yong left office, "Yi father and old disciples gathered in thunder, hugged the front Jing and did not listen, or Huai Guo ti pot, chased three hundred miles away, Yi Yi could not bear to say goodbye."
Yaodu Bridge
Gong Shouyu, who had walked out of Linjiang Fucheng, was a soldier in the sixth year (1511) of Ming Zhengde, and when he was serving as Guichi Zhi County, he was an official clean and honest. Witnessing the imperial court's large-scale construction and labor and wealth, he was heartbroken and said, "The financial resources have dried up, and my duty should be to advise the emperor." When the performance was fruitless, he took a leave of absence. In the ming dynasty literature, there is a record of the evaluation of Gong Shouyu's character and administrative ability by the officials, saying that he was "a vast and broad-minded person, and the official situation was depressed and high", and "the chi people still sing and think". In the first year of Jiajing (1522), when the plague raged in the Jiangbei region, Gong Shouyu went to the relief and snatched many people back from the hands of the god of death. When Gong Shouyu died, the family had no remaining assets, leaving only works such as "Records of the Words and Deeds of Linjiang Pioneers", "Fa Xuan Manuscripts", and "Notes of Fa Xuan".
As a place where soldiers must fight, Linjiang staged a tragic drama of "leaving Dan's heart to take care of Khan Qing".
In the first year of the Song Dynasty (1259), the Yuan army came from Tanzhou to attack Linjiang. Chen Yuangui, the zhijun army, fought a bloody battle alone, and the city fell, and Yuanguiyuan opened his eyes in anger, cursed the enemy, and was killed.
In the first year of the Song Dynasty (1275), Linjiang Taishou Bao Lian resisted the Yuan soldiers for several months, leaving them stranded. When the city was destroyed, his subordinates bitterly advised Bao Lian to break through, and he said indignantly: "The city is in the people, and the city is dead!" Witnessing Bao Taishou's martyrdom, the captured Linjiang army sentenced Hu Jingfang to grief and indignation, vowed not to surrender, and was killed in Ruizhou, at the age of 34.
The wind is xiaoxiao, yuan shui is cold, and there is a generous voice of Yan Zhao here. Under the inspiration of Chen Yuangui and Bao Lian, loyal officials, Linjiang's disciples drank the last drop of local wine, smashed the blue-rimmed bowl, and charged at the rain of arrows. In the midst of the war, the bell tower heard a tragic and magnificent sound, one sound, and another, for the children to march.
Renhe Garden
In the blood and fire, xiang Zixiang and Yang Tinglin also came to the two proud sons of Linjiang. The former advocated the resistance to Jin, and once led the army and the people to fight in Tanzhou. The latter stuck to Ganzhou and wrote a tragic page for the Ming Dynasty, when the Qing army broke through the city, Yang Tinglin resolutely threw himself into Qingshuitang.
It is better to die for loyalty and righteousness than to live in harmony. This is Linjiang Province, this is Linjiang people.
And it was all calm.
In the third year of the Qing Dynasty (1911), the establishment of Linjiang Province was abolished.
In 1950, the county seat of Qingjiang County was changed to Zhangshu Town.
After the feast, there is only a hook of the moon to illuminate the building. The drama ended, and Linjiang became a folk woman back, facing the sky.
The water of the Yuan River is still flowing, throwing into the arms of the Ganjiang River. Looking back at the ancient town in the afternoon, the fog has cleared, and I can see clearly.
The ear vaguely drifted through the song "Hong Geese": "The Hong Geese go to the sky, how far away the sky is." Drink the wine dry and then fill it up, and tonight you will not get drunk or return it..."
A thousand years of Linjiang, the hometown of the soul of the land in Ganzhong, the years should be quiet, and they should be unharmed after farewell.