Then, in our "Explanation of Characters in Speaking Texts" course, this lesson talks about the two Chinese characters in the "Yin" section: "響、韽". Among them, the character "響" is simplified to "Xiang" in modern Chinese, and "Xiang" is a common chinese character in modern Chinese, which is included in the "List of Common Words in Modern Chinese" promulgated by the State Language Commission in 1988, which is the key Chinese character in this lesson. The details of the two words are as follows:
1. Ring (ring). Read xiǎng. The explanation given by the "Explanation of Words" is: "Sound, sound also." From the sound, the country sound. "Shape sound word. The original meaning is (sound) echo. The explanation of "sound" in the Shuowen Jiezi is very simple, saying that it is "sound also." But in fact, "sound" is not the same as "sound". As I said in the previous lesson, there is a difference between "sound", "sound", and "music".
"Jade Chapter, Sound Department": "Ring, respond to the sound." Xu Kai's "Biography of the Shuowen System": "There is a sound outside the sound." "The sound of the sound is like the shape of the shadow, so in the text, the sound and the township are the sound." Township Yu Xiang also. In the vernacular, the ancients believed that "sound" is actually "echo", and "sound" is attached to "sound", just like the shadow is attached to the form, so the words "sound and township" are combined to "sound". "Sound" is the source of "sound" and the "hometown" of "sound". Therefore, the word "響" is composed of two parts: "township" and "sound".
(Alarm goes off)
That is to say, the word "sound", in the "traditional character" - "響" - well reflects the meaning of "sound", which is both a shape sound word, and "鄕" as a sound side, is obviously also "sound in the meaning".
"Yi Zhi Zhi Shang": "It is that a gentleman will have a deed, and he will have a deed." When asked and spoken, his command was also loud. Therefore, the gentleman will have a deed, and when he acts, he will inquire into the "Zheng Gua", and the "Yi" will respond with the auspicious words of the sixty-four gua, that is, the words of the Ji Ji Ji, and will be guided by the Yi Dao, such as the "sound" of the "sound". "Wenxin Carved Dragon Yuandao": "Mu Duo enlightens and responds to thousands of miles, And Xi Zhen flows and resounds in the world." "(Confucius's indoctrination) is like the sound of a wooden duo, corresponding to a thousand miles, (Confucius's thought) is like a treasure circulating, passed down from generation to generation.
in Muduo
"Ring" can also refer to sound in general. For example: loud; ringing through the clouds. Ming Dynasty Wang Shizhen's "Ming Feng Ji Fangyi": "There is snoring", snoring, is the sound of snoring.
In addition to the original meaning, "ring" has many uses:
(1) Make a sound. Du Mu's "Chizhou Sends Meng Chi Ancestors": "Good birds ring ding ding, and the stream is light and watery." The fifty-fourth time in "Dream of the Red Chamber": "Jia Mu ordered some soups, fruits and vegetables to be eaten with civil officials, etc., and then ordered the drum to be sounded." ”
(Drum Urge)
It also refers to opening the mouth to speak. For example: silent and silent. Liu Qing's "History of Entrepreneurship" Chapter 23: "He is holding his arm, his face is gloomy and gray, uncomfortable, and one hand is angrily pulling up the dry grass, and no one can ask." ”
(2) The sound is high and loud. For example, the drum does not need to be pounded. The voice is loud. Liu Changqing's "Xiangzhong Jixing Pumice Ise": "The apes of the mountains are roaring heavily, and the people of the empty river are speaking." ”
It also refers to the influence and weight of speech or the reputation of fame. For example, the name is very loud. Lu Yun of the Jin Dynasty", "Ode to Zu Kao": "Su Yong is loud, and ten thousand years is zhen." "It is also clear in the big dialect. Ling Meng first edited "The Surprise of the Second Moment Shooting" Volume II: "Privately accepting the money that does not make a sound in this way, he also refuses." ”
(3) Audio. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Zhi, Later Biography": "(Deng) Ai De Shu, Daxi, that is, newspaper book". Pei Songzhi's note quotes from the Book of Shu: "Ai Bao Shuyun: "The command of the command comes to march, and Si Wen Jiaxiang." It also refers to the meaning contained in words. Su Shi's "Reply to Elder Nanhua": "The layman said: 'There is a sound in the words. Hua Yue: "Lingshan commanded not to forget." There is a sound in the words here, which means that the words have a profound meaning.
(Su Dongpo and the Master)
(4) Leading to "direction". There are two kinds of usages: first, tendency; Bai Juyi's "Book with Yang Yuqing": "Si Servant is so diligent and diligent, how dare he take the marriage of flesh and bones and the oldness of the skeleton as his intention!" Second, once upon a time; the original. Qing Dynasty Donghai Jue I "Novel Lin Yuanqi": "The novel of our country is regarded as poison and is strictly forbidden. ”
(5) Used as a quantifier. Indicates the number of times a sound was emitted. For example: salute twenty-one.
(Salute)
The small seal of "ringing" is written as shown in the figure:
(Ringing small seal notation)
2. 韽. Read ān. The explanation given in the Shuowen Jiezi is: "韽, 下徹声." From the tone, the sound of the mole. "Shape sound word. The original meaning is a small low voice. Here, the "lower sound", Zhu Junsheng's "Speaking Of Wentong Training And Fixing The Sound": "It is said that its voice is issued." Xu Kai's "Biography of the Sayings of the Literary System": "The predicate cannot be more than yang." Ma Sulun's Six Books of Neglect, Volume V: "The sound does not go out and goes down." That is, the meaning of the word. That is to say, the voice did not speak clearly and became smaller and smaller than it could be heard. Li Yan 'Jiaoshan Guding': "The abdomen is eight inches deep and the foot is four, and the more you knock on the Qing, the more you make a slight sound." ”
The Hanyu Da Zidian interprets it as "The bell is small and not crisp." "Makes sense. "Collection of Rhymes and Senses of Rhyme": "韽, the sound of bell disease." "Zihui Yinbu": "韽, the shape of the bell is small, then its sound is also small and does not cross the yang also." This means that the bells are tiny and not crisp. Zhou Li Chunguan Dian Tong: "Whispering, echoing, extravagant (zuó). Zheng Xuan's note: "韽, the sound is not small." ”
(Guding)
Fortunately, 韽 is a strange word and is rarely used in daily life. The small seal of "韽" is written as shown in the following figure:
(The small seal of the 韽 is written)
([Explanation of the text] no. 481, some of the pictures come from the Internet, the copyright belongs to the original copyright owner)