Author: Superman A
In January 1934, Yang Shangkun went to the Red 3rd Army and took over the post of political commissar of Teng Daiyuan.
Peng Dehuai saw that Yang Shangkun was only twenty-five or six years old, and he was a student in Suzhou, and he said very happily: "I am very happy that you are here, let's work together in the future!" ”
Yang Shangkun also has great respect for Peng Dehuai, who is 10 years older than himself and has experienced hundreds of battles. After Yang Shangkun arrived, he and Peng Dehuai commanded the attack on Sha County.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" > First, after the Red Army took the Battle of Shaxian County, Peng Dehuai asked the enemy planes to send a large number of ammunition, grain, Guangyang and other materials</h1>
Under the slogans of "buying time" and "capturing Shaxian as soon as possible", the commanders and fighters of the Red 5th Division quickly completed the task of tunnel operation, and detonated the explosives in the tunnel at 5:20 on January 22, 1934. Since neither the eastern nor western gates were within the original target, the Red Army was unable to break into the city. Fight until dawn and stop the siege.
At this time, the defending enemy was guarded by the strength of two regiments, the walls were high and thick, and the Red Army had no heavy weapons, and there was no fear, and the arrogance was high, and they were very arrogant, and they hung a steam lamp on the city tower, which was as bright as day, bluffing. From time to time, the enemy officers and men still shouted wildly: "Fly up!" ”
Peng Dehuai was silent, and took Yang Shangkun and Deng Ping, chief of staff of the legion, to the front to carefully inspect the terrain and formulate a plan for the siege of the city.
At that time, because the Red Army did not have enough explosives, Peng Dehuai prescribed a formula and personally taught the soldiers to prepare, that is, to add salt, sulfur and charcoal. Because it is easy to burn and explode when grinding and stirring, it needs a very small gong, and Peng Dehuai will do it himself.
After the explosives were made, they were packed in a coffin, and then Peng Dehuai directed the coffin filled with explosives to be transported to the dug tunnel. In order to check the location of the coffin, Peng Dehuai personally climbed over the narrow tunnel, used a sand bag to block the gap around the coffin tightly, and made a lead with leather paper, placed it in a bamboo pole that was opened, and led out of the tunnel.
After everything was ready, in the early morning of January 25, Peng Dehuai and Yang Shangkun issued the order to launch a general attack on Shaxian County, and the lead was ignited, with a loud noise, earth-shattering, thick smoke billowing, bricks and stones flying, a corner of the city wall was blown up, and the gas lights on the city tower were suddenly extinguished. The city wall was blown open by a gap of more than 20 meters. Riding on the smoke of the explosion, the 10th Regiment of the Red 4th Division took the lead in attacking the city and broke through the enemy's second fortification.
The Red 11th Regiment also expanded its gains from the right flank and occupied the turrets on the west bank of Shaxi. Subsequently, the 17th Regiment of the Red 6th Division of the second echelon also entered the city from ximen and covered the entry of subsequent troops into the city.
The Red Army invaded the city and launched a street battle with the defending city of Lu Xingbang, for a time, the sword flashed, the killing sound was tremendous, the two sides fought fiercely until dawn, most of the defending city of Lu Xingbang was annihilated, and the Lu army inside the pillbox on the south bank of Shaxi outside the city also landed. By 8:00 a.m., the Red Army had triumphantly conquered the city of Shaxian.
During the battle, Yao Jing, chief of staff of the 10th Regiment of the Red 4th Division, was wounded. When the Red 3rd Army attacked Sha county, the Red 7th Army launched an attack on Youxi and occupied the city. A large amount of military materiel was captured.
After the battle, when Peng Dehuai and Yang Shangkun ascended the city tower, they found that the enemy had prepared breakfast, but before they could be used, they died, captured prisoners, and ran away. At this time, they were all extremely hungry and wanted to eat, but they were afraid that the enemy would let them poison. Peng Dehuai looked at everyone who did not dare to eat, so he smiled and said, "We hit him with lightning speed, and the white dog fled for his life and only hated his father for giving birth to two less legs, where is there time to release poison?" After saying that, he led everyone to eat happily.
The Battle of Shaxian Was the second victory won by the Red 3rd Army after the Fifth Anti-"Encirclement and Suppression" Relay Battle of Xunkou.
Chiang Kai-shek did not know that Shaxian had been occupied by the Red Army, and sent a plane to spread leaflets saying that as long as Lu Xingbang's troops held firm, they should be assisted. Peng Dehuai immediately came up with a brilliant plan: He summoned the captured radio station director and asked him to send a telegram to Chiang Kai-shek, saying that the city of Shaxian was still stubbornly defending, and that it was in urgent need of ammunition and food, and that the plane was airdropped in the fu wei of the primary school.
The next day, the enemy plane did indeed fly and dropped a large amount of ammunition, grain, Guangyang and other materials. The soldiers laughed happily and said, "Chiang Kai-shek, the commander of the transport brigade, is really obedient!" ”
At this time, Peng Dehuai ordered the whole army to quickly pack up the airdrop materials and immediately withdraw to the outside of the city. He said:
"The enemy knows he has been deceived and will come to bomb immediately."
Later, the enemy planes did indeed come to bomb.
At this time, Chiang Kai-shek had put down the "Fujian Incident," regrouped his forces, and launched a large-scale attack on the central revolutionary base areas.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="11" > second, Li De, bogu still want the Red Army to fight a decisive battle with the enemy, still have to fight for every inch of land, and the Red Army has lost one after another</h1>
On February 1, the Red 1st Army counterattacked the enemy and fought bloody battles with the enemy in Pingzhai and Sanjiazhuang. Due to the implementation of the "every inch of land must be fought", the Red Army suffered heavy casualties. Nie Rongzhen deeply felt that this stubborn way of playing was wrong, and Lin Biao also felt the same way, so on February 14, the two jointly proposed to the Central Revolutionary Military Commission a proposal to eliminate the enemy with sports warfare. However, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission did not accept Lin and Nie's opinions.
During this period, Peng Dehuai also wrote a letter to the Central Bureau, to the effect that it was necessary to make long-term preparations, otherwise it might suffer the same defeat as the Red 4 Front's inability to insist on the Eyu-Anhui Soviet Region, but this letter was also not answered.
At this time, the Red 3rd Army, in accordance with the order of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, handed over the city of Shaxian to the red 7th Army for defense and drove to the area north of Jianning.
At this time, the Strength of the Kuomintang Army and the Red Army was obviously at a disadvantage. However, Bogu and Li De still ordered the Red 1st Army, the Red 3rd Army, the Red 9th Army and the 13th Division of the Red 5th Army to counterattack the Kuomintang troops occupying Sanxiwei, Fenglintang, and Sankeng in an attempt to prevent the Kuomintang army from advancing south.
The troops of the various corps were unified under the command of Peng Dehuai and Yang Shangkun, but in fact, the overall deployment of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission had been down to the corps, and in the face of reality, Peng Dehuai and Yang Shangkun had to issue a counterattack order on March 10.
Fighting began on 11 March. When heavy rain poured down, the commanders and fighters of the various units of the Red Army braved the rain to launch a charge against the positions of the Kuomintang army. The sound of gunfire, shouts of killing, thunder, wind, and rain sounded in one piece. The main force of the Red 3rd Army launched an attack on Wuduzhai, the forward position of Donghua Mountain, held by the 563rd Regiment of Li Shusen's 94th Division of Luo Zhuoying's army. The terrain of this area is hilly, undulating, and covered with paddy fields and cultivated land, and Wuduzhai is the highest commanding height in the terrain of this area.
The Red Army's initial attack on Wuduzhai was tentative, with a small number of troops. Li Shusen, commander of the enemy's 94th Division, saw the Red Army attacking Wuduzhai and feared that this commanding height would be lost, and planned to send reinforcements, while Dai Zhiqi, commander of the 563rd Regiment, believed that the Red Army's offensive was not large and did not agree. Unexpectedly, after the tentative attack, the Red Army immediately launched an attack on Wuduzhai with most of its troops and a fierce offensive.
At 5 p.m., Wuduzhai was captured by the Red Army, and Dai Zhiqi, commander of the 563rd Regiment of The Li Division, was wounded. After the Red 3Rd Army occupied Wuduzhai, they joined forces with the Red 1st and Red 9th Armies to capture Donghua Mountain. Luo Zhuoying retreated to Shiguling, Libiling and Sankeng. Rely on the bunkers you have built and hold on. At that time, Peng Dehuai ordered the Red 3rd Army to launch a fierce attack on the enemy's 94th Division's defense line. Li Shusen was stunned and rushed to ask Chen Cheng for help.
Chen Cheng immediately asked Fan Songfu for reinforcements and joined the 94th Division in counterattacking the Red Army. The two sides engaged in a fierce battle. In the rain and fog, the mountains were covered with gunshots, shouts of killing, blood and rain mixed together.
Fighting a trench war depends to a large extent on the strength of the firepower, and the weapons of the Red Army are far inferior to those of the enemy army. When the enemy gritted its teeth and insisted, the Red Army's ammunition was depleted, and the Red Army's offensive weakened. At this time, it was almost dark, and the Red Army was unable to conquer the enemy position because of the strong bunkers of the enemy positions.
That night, Peng Dehuai and Yang Shangkun telegraphed to the Central Military Commission: In the area around Shiguling and Libiling, the enemy's positions are all rocky mountains, which are difficult to climb, and the enemy's bunkers are quite strong, and the enemy cannot hold out by relying on his strongholds. If the attack continues according to the order of the Central Military Commission, it will not only consume troops in vain, but also lose mobility.
The next morning, the enemy launched a counterattack against the Red 3 Corps. The two sides fought fiercely until the afternoon, and the men and horses who came to the aid of the enemy Zhou Hunyuan arrived. The Red 3 Corps was difficult to support, so Peng Dehuai appealed to the Red 1 Corps. By this time, it was late afternoon, it was raining, and the two legions were more than 30 miles apart. Lin and Nie received an urgent telegram from Peng and Yang, and urgently urged the horse to move closer to the Red 3 Army, and the road was slippery and difficult to travel in the dark.
But the commanders and fighters did not care about this and hurried forward. When he arrived about a few miles away from the original position of the Red 3Rd Army, but seeing that the position was full of flashlights, Nie Rongzhen said to Lin Biao: "It seems that the position of the 3rd Army has been occupied by the enemy. ”
Lin Biao nodded. The troops were ordered to stop advancing at the moment. At this time, the radio and troops of the Red 3 Corps withdrew in pairs. Nie and Lin learned that the Red 3 Corps position had been lost, and wudu zhai was taken by the enemy.
In this battle, the Red 3 Corps suffered heavy losses, with 389 casualties and 1363 wounded.
On 15 March, red army units withdrew to the area around Rory Stone for recuperation. The Kuomintang army took advantage of the situation to pursue and occupied Wangjiashan again. The second line of defense into Guangchang was opened.
At this time, Li De and Bogu still wanted the Red Army to fight a decisive battle with the enemy, and they still had to fight for every inch of land. However, due to weak firepower, heavy casualties, and difficulty in replenishment, the Red Army was forced to retreat to the area north of Jianning due to its weak firepower, heavy casualties, and difficulty in replenishment. At this point, the front line from Taining to Desheng was completely occupied by the Kuomintang army, and the Red Army fell into passivity on the eastern front.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="19" > San, Peng Dehuai, and Lin Biao wrote a letter of opinion to the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, and Li De and Bogu supported each other, pushing the Central Soviet Area step by step to the fire pit</h1>
The successive defeats of the Red Army made Peng Dehuai deeply feel that the command of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission was at a loss.
On April 1, Peng Dehuai wrote to the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, in which he wrote: "In successive battles, I have felt that the Central Military Commission's strategic determination has been hesitant, its tactics are not mobile enough, and many opportunities have been lost, postponing the victory it deserves, or aborting certain battles. In terms of tactics, in an attempt to save the outdated strategic moves, the result is that the tactical actions are restricted too strictly, and the maneuvers of the subordinates are lost, and they become mechanical execution, so that they cannot flexibly and flexibly complete the tasks assigned according to the changes in the enemy's situation and the characteristics of the zone and terrain. Every time we received a telegram from the Central Military Commission, we had almost no time to think about it, not even to ask a guide or call to give orders. The same is true of strategic determination, and even the march of super intensity cannot arrive. This time, the transfer from Qia Village to the Taining area was delayed by a day of hesitation, causing the enemy to preemptively occupy Taining City. ”
In his letter, Peng Dehuai also demanded that the Central Revolutionary Military Commission give commanders at all levels on the front line as much time as possible sufficient time for consideration and the greatest room for maneuver. At the same time, he also suggested organizing several effective guerrilla units to penetrate deep into the enemy's rear to disrupt, sabotage the enemy's rear liaison line, capture local tycoons, collect funds and necessities, and clamp down on and disperse the enemy's troops.
On April 3, Lin Biao also wrote a letter to the Central Revolutionary Military Commission entitled "On the Tactical Issues of The Five Anti-"Encirclement and Suppression Campaigns" under his personal signature. The letter also put forward severe criticism and strong demands on the operational command of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission.
The letter of opinion written by Peng Dehuai and Lin Biao to the Central Revolutionary Military Commission was actually written to Bogu and Li De, because Zhou Enlai was only a pseudonym at this time. Li De and Bogu read peng's and Lin's letters and were very angry, and Li De immediately wrote an article entitled "The Urgent Problems of Revolutionary War," which was published in the military magazine "Revolution and War" under the name of "Waffle.", in which he gave an extremely "incisive" explanation of the "tactical theory" of the "short assault" of the fortress that he was enthusiastic about.
Li De did not understand China's national conditions at all, still less seriously analyzed the actual situation of the war, and only relied on the rules and regulations in the military textbooks he had learned at the academy to move to the Central Soviet Region and carry out blind command.
Although Bogu was the temporary head of the Central Committee, he knew nothing about the military, so he ceded the military command to Li De. Li De had the support of Bogu, who in turn had Li De from the Comintern as a military adviser, and the two supported each other. It pushed the Central Soviet Area step by step into the fire pit.
Li De and Bogu can be described as "the cubs selling the grandfather field is not painful", they do not care at all about the successful experience gained by the Red Army in many years of bloody battles and the Soviet area created. Li De replaced the collective leadership of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission with his arbitrary actions. Every battle or campaign was commanded by Li De alone hiding in the house with a map.
About author:Superman A, a lover of current politics and history, has a wide range of fields and is rich in his own unique insights. Reading history makes people wise, reading poetry makes people wise, and I hope to travel with you here in the knowledge of books.