A bee is a flying social insect. There are dorsal plates of the forebreast that do not reach the base of the wings, the body is branched or feathered, and the hind feet are often specialized as pollen-collecting structures of bees. Adults are covered with villi and have pollen-collecting organs consisting of long hairs on their feet or abdomen. The mouthpart chewing type is a unique feature of insects. They are called resource insects.
Adult bees are about 2 cm to 4 cm long. The queen bee lays eggs in the nest room, the larvae live in the nest room, the larvae of the camp social life are fed by the worker bees, and the larvae of the camp solitary life eat the bee food stored in the nest room by the female bees, and when the bee food is eaten, the larvae mature and pupate, and break out of the cocoon when feathering. Domestic bees breed several generations a year, and wild bees breed 1 to 3 generations a year. Overwinter with old mature larvae, pupae or adults.
In general, males appear earlier than females, have a short lifespan, and do not undertake the tasks of nesting, storing bee food and raising offspring. Female bees nest, collect pollen and nectar, and store them in the nest chamber, and live longer than males. There are 3 types of lifestyles.
<h1>1. Sociality</h1>
Males and females live in the same nest, but differ in morphology, physiology and division of labor. Females are larger and specialize in spawning and reproduction; males are smaller than females, specializing in mating and dying after mating; worker bees are smaller and are female bees with underdeveloped genitalia, specializing in nest building, collecting food, feeding larvae, cleaning nests and regulating nest wetness. Both the bee and the medium bee are social species. In addition, there are bumblebee genus, tropical thornless bee genus, wheat bee genus and so on.
1, the queen bee: the queen bee is a female bee with reproductive ability, responsible for laying eggs and breeding offspring, while "ruling" this large family, although mated, but not the eggs laid are fertilized, according to the needs of the group of large families, lay fertilized eggs worker bees fed with pollen, bees develop into female bees (no reproductive ability of worker bees) after 21 days, can also lay unfertilized eggs 24 days after the development of male bees, usually the life of the queen bee 3 to 5 years.
2, male bees: male bees are bees developed from unfertilized eggs, larger than worker bees, full of hair, usually male bees feathered out of the room 12 days old sexual maturity, the opportunity to mate with the queen of the male bees, after mating that will die.
3, worker bee: worker bee is a lack of reproductive ability of female bees, but there are studies found that some worker bees through breeding to prolong their own life to deceive the queen, most of the female bees in the larval period, only the first few days can eat royal jelly, and then feed the general honey, so can not complete the development of reproductive ability, and finally will become a worker bee, if you can continue to eat royal jelly, and finally will become the queen bee.
Worker bees in the same hive, depending on their age, can be divided into three biologically different groups of worker bees – conservation bees, nesting bees and bees. The lifespan of worker bees varies from 5 to 8 weeks to 6 to 7 months.
4, grouping: when the group of large family members multiply too much and cause crowding, it is necessary to divide the group. First by the worker bee to create a special hive - wang tai, the queen bee in the king of the fertilized eggs, the small larva hatched after the worker bees to give special treatment, with their body to produce highly nutritious royal jelly feeding, 16 days later when the small larva developed into an adult, it became a new queen with reproductive ability, the old queen bee led a part of the worker bees to fly to set up a new colony.
<h1>Two. Solitude</h1>
The vast majority of bees are solitary, that is, worker bees build their nests and collect flour and store grain alone, and they have no hierarchical differentiation. Each nest chamber is open, the inner wall is coated with wax and other moisture-proof substances, and enough bee food is stored in the chamber. Females lay eggs on bee food and seal the nest chamber.
The larvae feed on bee food in the nest. Most of the species that fall into this category are wild species, such as the trilodon bee, the ground bee, the tunnel bee, the quasi-bee family, the leafcutter bee and the stripe bee family.
<h1>Three. Parasitic</h1>
Female bees do not build nests and lay eggs in the host's nest. Juvenile larvae generally have large heads and palates that are used to destroy the host's eggs or juvenile larvae.
The nesting instinct of bees is complex, and the nesting location, time and structure of the nest are diverse. Nesting time is generally during the full flowering period of the plant. According to the location of nesting and the texture of the nest, it can be divided into the following categories:
1. The species of camp social life use the wax secreted by themselves as the spleen, such as bee genus, thornless bee genus, wheat bee genus, etc. The nest chamber is hexagonal.
2. The most types of nesting in the soil are coated with a mixture of wax and saliva inside the nest room to maintain the humidity in the nest room.
3. The use of plant tissue to build nests is more diverse, for example, the leaf-cutting bee genus can roll the leaves of plants into a barrel into a nest chamber and place them in natural hollows; the yellow spotted wasp genus uses plant fur to make a warty nest on the stem; the reed wasp and the leaf tongue bee nest in the dead plant stem; some species of the bumblebee nest under the dead branches and leaves of the wood; the wood wasp drills holes in the woods as a nest, and so on.
4. Others such as the stone bee genus uses saliva to glue small sand and stone into a nest, and the wall bee genus nests in the shell of the slug and so on.
Hives are generally scattered, but there are also bees of the same species that have been clustered in one location for many years to form nests. For example, the number of nests in the genus Hairy-footed bees can reach dozens or even hundreds.
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