Author: Guangdong Boluo County Xinhui Aquatic Products Service Co., Ltd. Li Jiang
Recently, due to the better weather and the rise in temperature, many farmers have begun to strengthen the proportion of feeding, and many fish ponds have problems, including digestive problems, intestinal diseases, bleeding diseases, water quality problems caused by deterioration of the substrate, osmanthus fish oblique tube worm, osmanthus fish bodou worm, osmanthus fish digestion problems, etc.
<b>First, the digestion of conventional fish. </b>
In recent times, due to the rise in weather temperature, fish feeding is better, many farmers choose to increase the amount of feeding, at the same time, with the increase in feeding volume, digestion problems, has become the main problem, mainly related to the current weather, the weather has not been stable, resulting in greater changes in the water environment, causing various stress reactions to fish, a large number of feed, will lead to indigestion, causing gastrointestinal problems.
At the same time of feeding, Xinhui Aquatic Products suggested that vitamins such as Wanfeng, compound refined lactic acid bacteria or lactic acid protobacteria can be fed to strengthen the regulation of intestinal bacteria, help fish digestion, improve feed utilization, thereby reducing feed waste, and subsequent deterioration of substrate and other adverse effects on fish.
<b>Second, the intestinal problems of conventional fish. </b>
Entering the high temperature season, a large number of fish feeding, while doing a good job in health care, but also pay attention to disease prevention and control, the current many fish ponds appear intestinal bleeding, enteritis and other problems, serious performance for non-feeding, death and other conditions, in the feeding treatment, pay attention to must abide by the principle of subtraction and no reduction of drugs, that is, if there is a problem, we must reduce the amount of feeding, but the use of drugs must be ensured in sufficient quantity.
Xinhui Aquatic Products recommends that while using therapeutic drugs, strengthen the work of liver protection and bile protection, and you can choose the intake of vitamins and Chinese herbal preparations such as Wanfeng and Virus One Drop Ling.
<b>Third, the detection of water quality problems caused by the deterioration of substrate. </b>
Due to a period of bad weather impact, the general fish pond environment is very poor, especially the bottom environment, will be in a low load state, which is also a breeding ground for pathogens, harmful substances breeding and spreading, many fish ponds, when the temperature rises, easy to appear foaming on the water surface, water and fertilizer can not be up and other issues, and the bottom is directly related, in addition to dealing with disease prevention and control work, we must do a good job in the repair and improvement of the bottom environment, but also the most important link.
Xinhui Aquatic Products recommends the use of strong oxidation type bottom improvers, such as bottom jinshuang, bottom guards, etc., which have a good effect on the improvement of the bottom environment.
<b>Fourth, osmanthus fish oblique tube worm. </b>
Due to the bad weather, whether it is this year's new osmanthus seedlings or last year's tail osmanthus seedlings, it is easy to have the problem of inclinated tube worms, the parasites of inclinate tube worms and the fish body itself are stressed, water quality mutations are directly related, daily management, and good treatment of the water quality environment is the root of the prevention of oblique tube worms.
When there is parasitism of intracula, when the irritating drugs are minimized, especially formalin, the irritation of fish is greater, the damage to water quality is greater, and the direct problem is to affect the production of fish, it is recommended to use Chinese herbal preparations, multi-effect.
<b>5. Osmanthus fish bodou worm. </b>
This type of parasite often endangers osmanthus seed and occurs in continuous rainy weather. It often parasitizes the gills of fish, and the diseased fish is emaciated, swimming alone or floating on the surface of the water, and the gills are bright red and mucus-rich.
In recent years, there have been more and more diseases in osmanthus fish farming, among which the "bodou insect" disease is the insect pest that has appeared in this two years and has a relatively large impact. "Wave bean worm" mainly affects osmanthus fish below 10 cm, small osmanthus fish get this disease will not occur large-scale death, mainly affect the osmanthus fish eating, growth, resulting in osmanthus fish slimming, floating on the surface, so as to slowly emaciate and die. Under the microscope (10×10x) you can see that the worm is the size of a grain of rice in the gill filament gap, which is easy to distinguish.
"Wave bean worm" is difficult to kill with conventional drugs, even formalin used to 30 pounds / acre, can not be killed, now introduce a new drug: "oblique tube wave bean extinction." After 6-8 hours of medication, the fry can be found chasing fish, starting to eat, and after 1-2 days of catching fry, it can be found that it has become fat. Usually, before the fry grow to 10 cm, they are often microscopic, and the disease is found and the medicine is used in time to ensure the healthy growth of osmanthus fish.
Because the insect is small and fast, it is necessary to be careful when using a microscope. In the osmanthus seed stage, it is particularly susceptible to this disease, which has a certain harm to the osmanthus fish fry to the inch stage, but it is not as harmful as the wheel worm and the oblique tube worm.
Recommended prescription for control: (due to the stubbornness of the insect body, it is recommended to take the drug 2 times)
The whole pool is sprinkled with "oblique tube wave bean extinction".
In order to avoid the proliferation of parasites, in the usual prevention process, it is recommended that every 15 days, the whole pond is dried and refreshed, the parasite eggs at the bottom of the pond are completely killed, and the root cause of the parasitic infection is completely removed.
<b>Sixth, osmanthus fish digestion problems. </b>
Osmanthus fish and other fish are somewhat different, after a large number of feeding fish, there will be digestive problems, directly leading to gastrointestinal problems, so how to prevent and control intestinal problems, is another key link in osmanthus fish farming.
Considering the particularity of osmanthus fish farming, it is recommended that at 2-3 o'clock in the afternoon, the whole pond is sprinkled with refined lactic acid bacteria compound Wanfeng, especially after the fish is released, it is even more necessary to do these work.
<b>7. Bacterial sepsis. </b>
Caused by aerophilus aeromonas, etc.
Dotted and lumpy congestion appears in the jaws, gill caps, eyes, anus, and at the base of the fins in diseased fish. Anatomy can see bleeding spots and no food in the stomach and intestinal wall, the liver color is slightly reddish, very rarely appears pale white, gallbladder is large, the connective tissue or fat in the abdominal cavity is hyperemia, and there is more ascites in the abdominal cavity.
The peak period is from July to September. The onset is acute, from the beginning of the disease to a large number of deaths in only one week, the initial number of deaths ranges from tail to dozens, and after 4-6 days up to hundreds of deaths per day. Failure to adopt appropriate measures in a timely manner could also lead to the total surrender of the army.
Usually, the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite indicators of the disease pond are significantly higher than those of the non-disease pond. This disease is distinguished from the viral disease of osmanthus fish in the following ways:
(1) There is no "water transfer" phenomenon in the pathogenesis pond.
(2) Other fish may die at the same time as the disease pond.
It is recommended to prescribe prevention and treatment: first of all, the whole pool is sprinkled with "refreshing" plus "Aile", the next day the whole pool is sprinkled with "benzalkonium bromide solution plus glutaraldehyde solution", and when the disease is serious, the whole pool is sprinkled with "a drop of virus spirit" on the third day.
After the condition is stable, it is necessary to improve the water quality with "bottom strength or bottom guard".
<b>8. Viral hemorrhagic diseases. </b>
A diagnosis of viral haemorrhagic disease can be made if three of the following are present:
(1) The water is white or oligochromatic, and the water color is turbid.
(2) Offshore roaming fish up to 10 upwards/10,000 fish.
(3) Roaming fish with black heads and yellow bodies.
(4) The gills appear pink or anemic.
(5) The stomach is spotted and lumpy.
(6) Intestinal bleeding, and there is flow of crystalline yellow liquid, muscle bleeding, mandibular bleeding, etc.
(7) The liver is whitish, yellow, fatty liver or appears spotted congestion.
(8) Rotten gills caused by concurrent parasites, etc.
<b>9. The general process of disease analysis of osmanthus culture. </b>
1. Understanding of its pathogenesis history.
2. Understanding of its medication history and its efficacy.
3. Understand the amount of death, the course of the disease and the situation of roaming fish.
4. Understand the situation of its pond (including: water color, water depth, area, and substrate level, etc.).
5. Understand the climate and weather conditions at that time.
6. Understand the actual anatomical symptoms of the affected fish.
7. Understand the actual situation of pond water quality PH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and other chemical physical analysis and testing.
8. Microscopic observation, whether the gills of fish have wheel worms, ring worms (there are many situations in which its incomplete killing is the key to causing rotten gill disease to be difficult to treat), oblique tube worms, wave bean worms, gill cryptofloa, cupworms and other parasitic conditions.
9. If there is no parasite, carefully observe whether it is a bacterial gill through the gills.
10. Check whether it is a bacterial fulminant hemorrhagic disease.
11. Determine whether it is a viral hemorrhagic disease.
12. Determine whether it is a stress disease caused by water quality or poisoning.
13. Prescribe the right medicine, rational use of drugs, scientific use of drugs, etc.
<b>10. Osmanthus fish must be used rationally in the breeding process. </b>
1, a variety of heavy metal salts such as copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, etc. should be used as little as possible or with caution.
2, a variety of high content of organophosphorus drugs such as dimethodium, octylthion should be prohibited.
3. It is best not to use strongly irritating drugs, especially chlorine-containing preparations, such as trichlorine, dichlorine, etc.
4. It is recommended not to use drugs that are explicitly prohibited by the state, such as malachite green and furazolidone.
5, for the breeding process of osmanthus fish, it is recommended to use formalin to strictly carry out experimental operations to avoid excessive irritation of osmanthus fish, because formalin is more harmful to water, it is recommended to change the water in time after medication.
6. During the peak period of fish incidence, it is best not to use drugs with quaternary ammonium complexants for water quality regulation.
7. Osmanthus fish pond, it is recommended not to use permethrin drugs for insecticide.
<b>11. Taiwan alien fluke (tail sac yo). </b>
The morphology of this insect is similar to that of small melon worm or sporangia, but it is very different from the morphology of small melon worm and spore worm, the worm body has a black thing (later detected and analyzed as excrement), showing irregular shapes such as Y or H or X, and constantly changing, there are some transparent tissues in the worm body with the excrement in continuous tumbling and movement.
The body is usually parasitic in the duodenal part of the host and is infected through the mouth. Its first intermediate host is snails, its second intermediate host is fish, its final host is the duodenal part of birds, and the second intermediate host, mainly fish gill filaments, are the object of harm, in order to avoid problems, the first intermediate host needs to be removed, thus playing a preventive effect.
The main symptoms of fish that parasitize Taiwanese alien flukes:
(1) The gill cap moves frequently and protrudes the gill filament.
(2) Waddling floating on the surface of the water or floating head near the edge of the pool.
(3) The gill lid is open, the gill filament is swollen, there are gray-white nodules, the gill filament is bent and deformed, and the body surface is bleeding.
(4) Due to parasite parasitism, gill anemia and gills rot.
Diagnosed:
(1) The gill filament compression lens is removed for microscopic examination, and under the microscope, it can be seen that there is type I or H or X excreta and two columns of cephalic spine structure from the axis of the gill filament to the end, and the sac with frequent rotation of the insect body parasitizes the gill filament, and with the increase of parasites, the gill filament will bend and swell.
(2) Adult examination must be examined to the final host (birds).
(3) Fish that show frequent movement of the gill cover and protrude the gill filament, waddling floating on the surface of the water or near the pool edge floating head, check that the gill filament has nodules.
Prevention programmes:
Reduce the number of snail shellfish in ponds (the first intermediate host) and try to prevent it.