This article was published in marine pollution bulletin in early 2020 by the Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology of the Ministry of Education, the China Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, the Qingdao National Marine Science and Technology Laboratory, the China Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and the School of Environmental and Civil Engineering of Jiangnan University.
Article summary
There is growing evidence that microplastics (MPS) can have harmful effects on marine life, however, the effect of polysulfonic acid mucopolysaccharides on the motility behavior of marine crustaceans is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the physiological and behavioral responses of physical shrimp (Neomysisjaponica) larval topology tyrosine (PS) and carboxyl polystyrene (PS-COOH). Due to the bioaccumulation effect of polysulfonic acid mucopolysaccharides in the stomach, the physiological toxicity of polysulfonic acid mucopolysaccharide-COOH shrimp fry is greater than that of polysulfonic acid mucopolysaccharides, and shrimp fry have significant lethal and growth inhibition effects. Both polysulfonic acid mucopolysaccharides reduced the feeding efficiency of the larvae and manifested as decreased predatory ability. In addition, a decrease in the hunting or exploratory ability of shrimp caused by polysulfonic acid mucopolysaccharides was also found, which was mainly reflected in the overall decline in swimming activity, range and frequency. The research in this paper ultimately highlights the negative impact of micron-grade polystyrene particles on the motor behavior of mysid-sh. This is the first time that the toxic effects of polysulfonic acid mucopolysaccharides on motor behavior (i.e., swimming behavior) in marine crustaceans have been studied.
A positive inverted integrated microscope (Echo Revolve, U.S.A) was used to detect the bioaccumulation of PS and PS-COOH in the stomach, respectively.
Feeding rate of new bran shrimp after treatment with PS(A) and PS-COOH(B). Different lowercase letters indicate that different treatments differ significantly at the same point in time (n=4, p<0.05).
Conclusion
The results showed that exposure to polysulfonic acid mucopolysaccharides can lead to impairment of feeding and swimming behavior in mysid shrimp larvae. Impaired swimming behaviors include decreased hunting ability and reduced ability to avoid predators, which will lead to altered predator-predator relationships and energy flows from the ocean food web, which ultimately poses a potential risk to the entire marine ecosystem. Behavioral responses can be seen as basic indicators that directly reflect an organism's function and metabolic state (2017), so MPs-induced behavioral changes can be triggered by changes in physiological states to resist environmental stress. It is foreseeable that polysulfonic acid mucopolysaccharide exposure has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of mysid shrimp, and is even fatal, which highlights the significant exposure risk of marine crustacean population dynamics and stability. Given that the Japanese new mysis shrimp is an important secondary producer (bait) in marine ecosystems (2010), potential MP exposure will lead to a decline in mariculture production, resulting in considerable negative impacts on aquaculture and sustainable economic gains.
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