With the gradual rise of temperature, landscaping plants have gradually entered the rapid growth stage of budding and greening. During this period, temperature and humidity are very easy to induce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and it is also a favorable period for the occurrence of large diseases and insect pests, so doing a good job of observation plays an important role in timely measures for prevention and control. The pests and diseases that are prone to occur in landscaping plants in April and the control measures are described in detail below for your reference.
Insect pests
There are 8 common garden insect pests that are prone to occur
Aphids, red spiders
In April, the aphids that harm garden plants such as the moon season, hibiscus and rose mainly include the monthly long-tube aphid and peach aphid, which are widely distributed in East China and North China. After the winter, adult aphids parasitize and multiply on new shoots, young leaves and buds in the month, and winged aphids begin to appear in mid-April. They are mainly concentrated on the buds, young shoots, and leaves, and suck the juice with the suction mouthpiece, so that the victim buds and young leaves are curled and deformed, and cannot be stretched. At the same time, due to the secretion of honeydew by aphids, coal pollution disease is often triggered.
Prevention and control measures
1. When aphid damage occurs in a small number of potted plants such as the monthly season, tobacco water can be sprayed. Tobacco water practice: soak 1 part (e.g. 0.5 kg) of tobacco leaves in 40-50 parts (e.g. 20-25 kg) of water, and use it after rubbing and filtering after a day and night.
2. Combined with the pruning of flowers and trees such as the moon season and roses, cut off the aphid branches and burn them centrally.
3. Pharmaceutical prevention and control. There are many pesticides to control aphids, such as 50% borer pine emulsion 1000 times liquid, 20% permethrin emulsion 2000-2500 times liquid, etc., are more effective. When dispensing the liquid medicine, an appropriate amount of washing powder can be added, which is conducive to improving the prevention and control effect. It is recommended to use the garden special potion Aphid Zhen to have a better effect!
Red spiders mainly harm flowers and plants such as the moon season, mainly in adult mites, mites, and young mites cluster on the back of the leaves, sucking sap. At first, small gray-white dots are formed on the affected leaves, and then the leaves are yellow and weak, as if they are dried by fire, causing early leaf fall when the damage is serious. Adult body colors of ordinary red spiders vary greatly, including orange red and rust red. The hazard begins from March to April every year, so plants should be checked frequently after the end of April, and in the case of high temperature, high humidity and poor ventilation, red spiders reproduce very quickly and can cause serious losses. Inspection skills: Red spiders and other small size, difficult to distinguish with the naked eye, optional flower planting area is representative of the place, put on white paper, and then pat the flower branch to check whether there is a red spider.
The control of red spiders is mainly based on the control of chemicals, and can use thiormone, da mite, bromofertilate, pyrenthate, fluoroe mite, phenterstane, azole ester, fiproclamide, acetopyridoxine, avermectin, pyridazine thiphosphate, tetracythazine, butyl etherurea, carbonitrile, sodium terkilate, etc. Due to the high toxicity, it is not recommended to use dicofol and dicofol. It is recommended to use the garden special medicine Lane Ping An Mite, the medicinal effect is long-lasting, and the dead insects are more thorough!
Purple velvet beetle, grasshopper, red wax bug
Purple velvet borer is also known as pomegranate felt borer, purple weed powdery hopper, bag bug and so on. Female adults are flattened, oval, about 2–3 mm long, dark purple-red, and when old, covered with white velvet shells. The male adult is about 0.3 mm long, with a wingspan of about l mm, and is purple-red. The eggs are ovoid, purple-red, and about 0.25 mm long. The nymphs are oval, purple-red, with spikes around the body. It mainly harms flowers and trees such as purple weed and pomegranate, and parasitizes nymphs and female adults in the branches and axils of plants, sucking sap. Its excreta can induce coal pollution disease, affecting the growth and development of flowers and ornamentation. When the insect mouth density is large, the branches and leaves are black, the leaves fall early, the flowering is abnormal, and even the whole plant dies. In Shanghai, Shandong and other areas where 3-4 generations occur a year, the first generation of nymphs can be found at the end of March and the beginning of April.
1. Horticultural control. Combined with winter pruning, remove branches with serious insect pests and overwintering insects.
2. Artificial prevention and control. Pay attention to the usual maintenance observation, once found, use a brush brush to go.
3. Pharmaceutical prevention and control. Before budding in early spring, 3-5 baume degrees of stone sulfur can be sprayed to kill the overwintering nymphs. During the occurrence of pests, during the seedling growing season, for seedlings that occur seriously, it is necessary to pay attention to observation and seize the peak period of nymph hatching for medication. Optional Ryan Ping An Lintai, two-way conduction, the effect is better.
Grasshoppers are typical hermaphrodite insects, females 10 mm long, wingless, oval, with a raised back like a straw shoe, yellow-brown to reddish-brown. It mainly harms begonias, cherry blossoms, figs, purple weeds, moon seasons, red maples, citrus and other flowers and trees. Nymphs and female adults often gather in piles on bud axils, shoots, leaves and branches, sucking sap hazards, causing poor plant growth and early defoliation.
From late January to early to mid-February every year, hatching begins in the soil, which can resist low temperatures and hatch under the snow piles before and after the "great cold", but the nymphs are slow to move and stay underground for several days, with high temperatures, short residence times, sunny and warm weather, and a significant increase in the number of individuals unearthed. When the density of nymphs and adults is high, they tend to migrate in groups and crawl all over the nearby walls and ground, which is disgusting.
1. Horticultural control. During the pupal stage of male insects and the spawning period of female insects, the nearby wall insects are removed, and the tree is blocked by a membrane as a barrier to prevent it from climbing the tree.
2. Biological control. Protect and utilize predators such as red-ringed ladybirds.
3. Medicinal control with ziwei velvet beetle.
Red wax beetles are mainly harmful to bone, camphor, cedar, gardenia, laurel, magnolia, firethorn, osmanthus, rose, tea plum, moon season, rose, camellia, octagonal golden plate, cherry blossom, etc., with adult and nymphs densely parasitizing on plant branches and leaves, sap sucking hazards. The appropriate period for prevention and control is from late April to late June, and the control agent is the same as the purple weed velvet beetle.
Boxwood silk borer, celestial bull, American white moth
Tianniu mainly harms green trees such as poplar, willow trees, and national locusts, and the old mature larvae begin to pupate in early May, and the adult insects peak from early June to mid-September, laying eggs and breeding. Therefore, spring is a favorable time to control the insect.
1. Comprehensive inspection, comprehensive prevention and control, clear and burn the plants with obvious damage, reduce the density of insect populations, and replant.
2. Insist on roving observation, once the new insect feces with larvae on the branches are found to be excreted, kill the larvae immediately.
3. The use of the special insecticide Lane Ping An Rui dry spray is better.
The yellow poplar silk borer mainly harms melon seed boxwood, bird's tongue boxwood, large-leaf boxwood, small-leaf boxwood, Korean boxwood, holly, wei spear and other green plants, of which melon seed boxwood and bird's tongue boxwood are the most seriously affected. The larvae eat young shoots and leaves, often spit silk conjugate leaves, feed on them, the affected leaves are scorched, and the leaves can be eaten up when the insect infestation outbreak occurs, causing the plant to die. The insect is in three generations in shandong, and the 3rd generation of young larvae overwinter in the leaf buds, and the activity begins in mid-April of the following year.
Prevention and control methods
Enter the spring to do a good job of insect monitoring, timely medication, the key period of drug prevention and control is the overwintering larvae stinging stage and the 1st generation of larvae young age stage, you can use 20% to kill the saluter emulsion 2000 times liquid, 2.5% kung fu emulsion 2000 times liquid, 2.5 enemy killing emulsion 2000 times liquid and other organophosphorus pesticides, but also the use of some low-toxicity, non-polluting pesticides and biological pesticides, such as avermectin, BT emulsion, etc. Spray thoroughly, and the lower leaves should not leak. It is recommended to use the Lane Ping An platform, which has good touch and fast dead insects.
American white moth eats miscellaneous, harming more than 300 kinds of plants, the main tree species are: sugar maple, mulberry, elm, ailanthus tree, ash willow, hawthorn, apricot, French plane tree, paulownia, ash tree, walnut, cherry blossom, maple poplar, apple, cherry, poplar and so on. Generally prefers to eat tree species: willow, peach, walnut catalpa, pear, locust, persimmon, bauhinia, cloves, gold and silver wood, grapes and so on. When it is serious, the leaves can be eaten up, causing serious harm to agricultural and forestry production. Three generations a year occur, pupae overwinter. From early April to late May of the following year, the overwintering adults feathered and laid eggs, and the larvae began to harm at the end of April.
1. Light booby trap. In the adult stage, using the phototropism of the adult American white moth, the insecticidal lamp is hung to trap the adult insect.
2. Pharmaceutical prevention and treatment
(1) Spraying and control using biological and chemical agents. Early detection and early control are achieved during the larval harm period. In the prevention and control, focus on checking whether mulberry trees, plane trees, ailanthus trees, elm trees, peach trees, ash and other tree species have larval hazards, and if there is larval harm, it is necessary to check the area under its jurisdiction and prevent and control them in time. The agent is selected from Bt emulsion 500 times liquid, 45% high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsion 2500 times liquid, 1.2% bitter • tobacco emulsion 1000 times liquid, 3% hyperosmolar phenoxyvir 3000-4000 times liquid spray control, can effectively control the harm of this insect. It is recommended to use Lane Ping An Ruiqing, which is friendly to the environment and does not hurt the leaves.
Disease
There are 2 common garden diseases that are prone to occur
powdery mildew
In April, green plants such as large-leaved boxwood and moon season are prone to different degrees of powdery mildew, especially large-leaved boxwood in the shade, cold season lawn grass, etc. due to poor ventilation and light transmission conditions. The disease mainly occurs in the leaves, young stems, flower stalks, buds, petals and other parts, the initial yellow-green irregular spots, the edges are not obvious. Subsequently, the spots continued to expand, and white powder spots appeared on the surface, and finally countless black spots grew in the place. The infected area turns gray, covering its surface with contiguous patches, and the edges are not clear, appearing dirty white or off-white. When the damage is severe, the leaves shrink and shrink smaller, the young shoots are twisted and deformed, and the flower buds do not open.
1. Remove diseased leaves and diseased remains, and burn them centrally.
2. Strengthen cultivation management measures, proper pruning, enhance permeability, rational irrigation, fertilization, enhance plant growth, improve disease resistance. When propagating cuttings, do not increase the density of cuttings.
3. Spray 160 times equal amount bordeaux liquid at the beginning of spring, and then spray once every half a month, and spray 3 times.
4. At the beginning of the disease, 25% of the powder rust 1300 times liquid, 70% methyl tolbuzin 700 times liquid, 50% debacterial special wettable powder 800 times liquid, 70% bacillus 600 to 800 times liquid can be sprayed. The agent is used alternately to avoid powdery mildew from developing resistance.
Recommended use: Lane Ping'an Royal Guard, efficient, broad spectrum, internal suction.
rust
Rust is a type of disease that is more common and seriously harmful to flowers and landscape trees, and mainly harms nearly 100 species of flowers and trees such as Rosaceae, Leguminidae, Liliaceae, Grass family, Pineaceae, Cypress family and Willow family in the garden. The disease is mainly harmful in the leaves, stems and other parts of the host, and rust-colored spores appear at the site of the disease.
In spring, the main green plants that often occur rust are iris, tang calamus, caryophyllus, rose, rose, moon season, weeping begonia, begonia sticker, juniper cypress, cypress, peony, peony, red pine, sassafras pine and so on. Spring and autumn are the most common periods of rust in China. The disease is closely related to the air humidity, and the relative humidity of the air is above 80% for several consecutive days, making the disease serious. In particular, rainy days, dewy or foggy weather can easily cause disease epidemics.
1. Eliminate and reduce the source of bacteria. For example, when the landscape plants of the new park are configured, the ornamental plants are strictly isolated from the main plants, such as begonias, apples, pears and other rusts and the main host cypress trees should be separated by 5 kilometers; rhododendrons and spruce, hemlocks, asters and other two-needle pines, three-needle pines, etc. can not be mixed. Medication is applied for prophylaxis when the spores will scatter.
2. Strengthen conservation management. Reasonable dense planting, scientific watering, timely pruning of the whole branch, improve the growth environment, improve the disease resistance of the plant.
3. Pharmaceutical prevention and control
In early spring and early to mid-March, 2-5 degree stone sulfur compound can be sprayed 1-2 times to kill the winter spores of the source of overwintering bacteria. Spray 70% methyl tolbuzin 1000 times liquid or 25% triazolone 1500 times solution at the beginning of the disease. The newer agents for the prevention and control of rust are also 12.5% enazolisol 3000-4000 times liquid, or 43% Holk 4000-5000 times liquid, 25% R&F library 1000-1500 times liquid, 25% enemy power off 1000-4000 times liquid, 800-1000 times liquid, Cuibei 3000-5000 times liquid, 10% Shigao 3000-5000 times liquid, etc.
Recommended use: Lain Ping'an Royal Bao, broad spectrum and efficient and has three major functions of penetration, internal suction and touch killing.
This article is from the Garden and Plant Protection Service Platform