According to the "Beijing Cultivation and Construction of International Consumption Center City Implementation Plan (2021-2025)" released by Beijing on September 24, 2021, it is confirmed that "optimize the layout of the city's 5A-level scenic spots and support 4A-level scenic spots such as Xiangshan Park and Wild Duck Lake National Wetland Park to strive for national 5A-level scenic spots". That is to say, Xiangshan may be the first to become a 5A-level scenic spot 4A-level scenic spot, and I also heard that the Tongzhou Grand Canal is also very likely, so it is "a mountain, a lake, a river", which can enrich Beijing's 5A-level scenic spots. Why is the Xiangshan Mountain Scenic Area priority, let me introduce the Xiangshan Mountain Scenic Area.
The name "Fragrant Mountain" is said in two historical documents. The first of these comes from the folk, it is said that in the early years, there were large areas of apricot blossoms planted on Xiangshan Mountain, and when the flowering period arrived every year, the flowers here were rich, hence the name. The second is from the "Records of The Yong'an Temple of Xiangshan", which says that there is a large stone in the mountain, and its shape is very similar to the incense burner in the temple, so the mountain is named after the stone in the shape of the incense burner.
Located in the western suburbs of Beijing, Xiangshan Park covers an area of 188 hectares with steep terrain and continuous greenery, and is an imperial garden with mountain and forest characteristics. As early as the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the royal family built a palace courtyard in Xiangshan, and every summer and autumn the emperor had to hunt here to cool off. Xiangshan Park has famous tourist attractions such as Xianglu Peak, Xiangshan Temple, Shuangqing Villa, Biyun Temple, Xiangshan Autumn Leaves, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, Zhao Temple, Yuhuaxiu, Qinzheng Hall, Cuiwei Pavilion, Zhiyuan Zhai, Zhisong Garden, See Xin Zhai, Glasses Lake, Liuli Pagoda, Donggong Gate and so on.
1, incense burner peak, commonly known as ghostly sorrow. In the west of Fragrant Hills Park. The main peak of Xiangshan Mountain, 575 meters above sea level. The summit has two huge milk peak stones, shaped like an incense burner, hence the name. This peak is steep and steep, not easy to climb, you can take a cable car to climb the mountain, at the top of the peak can enjoy the panoramic view of Xiangshan Mountain. Xiangshan Park has built three distinctive pavilions at the summit. "Chongyang Pavilion" is intended to be the capital of the 99 Chongyang Ascendant. "Treading Cloud Pavilion" is named because after the autumn rain, the wisps of cloud silk before the spring rain pass through the inside and outside of the pavilion, just like stepping on the clouds, "Purple Smoke Pavilion" is named because the mist at the time of morning and sunset is as faint as purple clouds, which appear from time to time, and have the taste of purple smoke from the sunshine incense burner.
2. Xiangshan Temple, located in Beijing Xiangshan Park, has a long history, and it is recorded that there were Ji'an and Xiangshan Second Temples in the Tang Dynasty. In 1186, the two temples were merged into one, and Emperor Jinzhangzong gave him the name "Great Yong'an Temple". It was rebuilt in the Yuan Dynasty and renamed "Ganlu Temple". The Ming Dynasty rebuilt it, called "Yong'an Zen Temple". During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it was expanded on the original site, forming a unique temple pattern of Qianjie, Zhongsi and Houyuan, and the "Great Yong'an Zen Temple" was given by the emperor, which is one of the twenty-eight scenic spots of Jingyi Garden. Xiangshan Temple is built on the mountain, staggered, strict and spectacular, and was once the crown of the temples in Xishan. Xiangshan Temple was burned by the British and French allies and the Eight-Nation Alliance in 1860 and 1900 respectively, and only relics such as Zhilehao, Tingfasong, Shuluoshu Imperial Monument, and Stone Screen remain.
3, Shuangqing Villa, because of the two streams of clear springs in the stone cracks, The Cool, Jin Zhangzong named it "Dream Sense Spring", Qinglong Ten Years (1745) built as "Songwu Yunzhuang", the Qianlong Emperor felt that the spring water was cool and sweet, so he gave the name "Shuangqing". In 1917, directly under the flood, Xiong Xiling founded the "Xiangshan Kindergarten" and turned it into a private villa and named it "Shuangqing Villa". Shuangqing Villa was once the place where mao zedong, a great man of the century, lived and worked.
4. Biyun Temple, founded in the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (1331), was originally called Biyun Temple. Ming Zhengde, the Tianqi Period (1271-1368) and the Qianlong Period (1736-1795) were renovated and expanded to become the current scale. The temple covers an area of about 40,000 square meters, and the theme buildings running through the east-west axis are divided into six courtyards. The temples of each group, depending on the mountainous terrain, rise layer by layer, magnificent and magnificent. In 1957, Biyun Temple was listed as one of the first batch of key cultural relics protection units by the Beijing Municipal Government. In 2001, it was listed as a national cultural relics protection unit.
5. Fragrant mountain red leaves, well-known at home and abroad, in 1986, it was rated as one of the "Sixteen Views of New Beijing" and became the strongest autumn color in Beijing. Xiangshan red leaves mainly have 8 families involving 14 tree species, with a total number of 140,000 trees and a planting area of about 1,400 mu, which is very spectacular. Xiangshan Park has more than 100,000 yellow trees, covering an area of 1,200 acres, which is the main tree species of red leaves in Xiangshan Park. The leaves of red leaf tree species contain a large amount of chlorophyll, lutein, carotenoids, carotene, anthocyanins, chlorophyll in spring and summer for photosynthesis, and make the leaves appear green; frost and autumn, the weather becomes colder, the temperature difference between day and night increases, the synthesis of chlorophyll is blocked, and gradually destroys and disappears, while carotenoids, carotene, anthocyanin ingredients increase, so that the leaves show red and yellow, orange red and other beautiful colors.
6. Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, this hall was originally the Hall of Puming Miaojue. On March 12, 1925, Dr. Sun Yat-sen died in Beijing, his coffin was parked in the Vajra Pagoda at the highest point of Biyun Temple, and four years later, when Mr. Sun Yat-sen's coffin went to the Purple Mountain in Nanjing, he set up a spiritual hall in this hall and held a grand public sacrifice and mourning, after which it was opened as the "Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall" for people to visit. The plaque hanging on the lintel is written by Soong Ching Ling himself in six large characters of "Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall".
7. Zhao Temple, fully known as the Temple of zongjing Zhao, was built in the 45th year of Qianlong (1780), it is a palace specially built to welcome the Tibetan Panchen Lama VI into Beijing, modeled on the Tibetan Rikze ZashiLunbu Monastery. The temple was burned down in 1860 and 1900 by the Anglo-French coalition and the Eight-Nation Alliance.
8. Yuhuaxiu, located in the middle of Xiangshan Mountain, is one of the twenty-eight scenic spots of Jingyi Garden, built in the 10th year of the Qianlong Dynasty (1745) of the Qing Dynasty, and was burned down by the British and French forces in 1860. In 1999, the park was officially opened to visitors after it was restored on the original site. Yuhuaxiu is a delicate and chic garden in the garden, a good place to take a nap and enjoy tea. Due to the wide view, it is the best place to see the autumn leaves in the park.
9, Cuiwei Pavilion, one of the twenty-eight views of the original Jingyi Garden, was built in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, so the ground is in the ancient trees, green shade, ravines, mountains and rocks, so there is a "Cuiwei" called, here you can see the victory of the four hours, especially in the summer for the most wonderful. It was rebuilt in 1991 and moved the almond trees to reproduce the scene of apricot blossoms in the spring of the Ming Dynasty. The Qianlong Emperor once wrote a poem with the imperial inscription "Cui Wei Ting" here.
10. Zhiyuan Zhai was founded in the thirteenth year of Qianlong (1748) of the Qing Dynasty, and the Qinzheng Hall, The Void Lang Zhai and the Li Yan Lou are the same as the Jingyi Garden Royal Palace Area, the courtyard covers an area of 3430 square meters, with a construction area of 723 square meters, composed of Zhiyuan Zhai, Yunqin Zhai and Tingxuexuan and other buildings, its name is taken from "non-Tang Po no Ming Zhi, non-tranquility can not go far", for the Qianlong Emperor to govern the important place.
11. Qinzheng Hall, located inside the east gate of the park, was built in the 10th year of the Qianlong Dynasty (1745). The Qinzheng Hall is the place where the Emperor of the Qing Dynasty handled the affairs of the dynasty and received the palace ministers during his stay in Jingyi Garden in Xiangshan, and is the first of the twenty-eight views of Jingyi Garden. The Hall of Diligence was burned down by the British and French forces in the Xianfeng Decade (1860), and only the foundation of the temple remains. The park was rebuilt on the site in 2002 and completed in July 2003. The Qinzheng Hall is the most iconic building with the most royal characteristics in Xiangshan Park, and the plaque outside the hall is inscribed by the Qianlong Emperor's imperial pen.
12. Zhisong Garden, located on the west side of the main tourist road in the north and south, covers an area of 2 hectares, and is a newly built scenic spot in 1987. There are more than 100 first- and second-class ancient pines in the scenic spot. In the east of the scenic spot, a huge stone with a width of 1.5 meters, a length of 2.5 meters, and a height of 5.5 meters, the three characters of "Zhisong Garden" with a diameter of 0.8 meters on the front, the stone back recorded Chen Yi's poem "Heavy snow presses the green pine, the green pine is straight and straight, want to know the pine high festival, stay until the snow melts". Zhisong is taken from the Analects of Zihan (字語· Zihan) "After the cold years and then the knowledge of the pine cypress withers". In the scenic area, there are ancient pines and glass pagodas forming a borrowed scenery, named "Qiongsong Pagoda Shadow".
13. The Glass Pagoda, on the western mountainside of the Jokhang Temple in Xiangshan Park, is part of the temple. Built in the forty-fifth year of the Qianlong Dynasty (1780), it is about 30 meters high and has a seven-level octagonal eaves. The top of the tower is fitted with a yellow glass vase and eight cornices. The bottom of the tower is supported by an umbrella cover with eight open sides, and the perimeter is decorated with white jade carved columns. The lowest level is a stone octagonal tower base. Layers of eaves are embellished with brass bells.
14. See Xin Zhai, located on the west side of the north gate of the park, which is the only well-preserved monument. It was built in the first year of Ming Jiajing (1522) and rebuilt in the first year of Qing Jiaqing (1796). Legend has it that it was the place where the emperor verified whether the chancellor was loyal to him, hence the name See Xin Zhai. The semi-circular pool in the courtyard is surrounded by a gallery painted on three sides, and the main hall is seen in the heart of the shrine facing the Zhiyu Pavilion, and after the fast is the main condensation hall.
15. Glasses Lake, built for the Republic of China period. It is composed of two pools of water, shaped like glasses, hence the name. The north side of the lake is built into a stone cave by a mountain stack of stones, and the water of Zhuo Xi is introduced to form a water curtain cave scenic spot. There is a "Jiari Pavilion" in the southeast of the lake, built in 1992, which is a cross heavy eaves and a Su-style color painting.
16. The East Palace Gate is the main gate of Xiangshan Park, sitting west to east, with bronze lions on both sides. Qianlong's inscription "Jingyi Garden" red gold plaque hangs on the door eaves. In the Qing Dynasty, there were originally two chengguan in front of the East Palace Gate, the southern part of the city pass was called "Song Gate" and the north forehead was "Luo Shuai". Entering the city pass, there are two arches in the east and west. The East Arch is known as "Zhi Li" and "Smoke Valley"; the West Arch is known as "Yun Qu" and "Lan Ban". The archway is a stone bridge with a moon river under the bridge. At present, there are still traces of the stone bridge and the Moon River outside the East Palace Gate, but the archway and the city pass are gone.
Address: No. 40, Buying and Selling Street, Haidian District, Beijing
Admission: Park entrance fee 10 yuan, Biyun Temple ticket 10 yuan
Level: Xiangshan Park was rated as a civilized unit in the capital in 1993, AAAA scenic spot by the National Tourism Administration in 2001, and one of the first batch of Beijing boutique parks in 2002.
For Xiangshan, a scenic spot that wants scenery and scenery, history and history, monuments and monuments, and stories and stories, it is not too much to give priority to upgrading to Beijing's 5A-level scenic spot in the future.