A relationship between manufacturing costs, production costs and inventory goods
1. Manufacturing costs
(1) Concept: refers to the various indirect costs incurred by the production workshop of the enterprise for the production of products and the provision of labor services, such as office expenses, water and electricity costs incurred in the production workshop, etc., which are part of the cost of the product.
(2) Nature: The costs incurred in the manufacturing process of the production workshop are borne by the product, and the cost of the constituent products belongs to the cost category and is used as a component part of the inventory. Although there are two words "fee", it is not a fee account.
(3) Account settings: "Manufacturing expenses", cost accounts.
(4) Application: First collect the debit in the "Manufacturing Expense" account, and then transfer to the "Production Cost" account, indicating the cost of the unfinished product, and the cost is carried forward to the "Inventory Commodity" account after completion.
2. Production costs
(1) Concept: refers to the various production costs incurred by enterprises in industrial production, including the production of various products (finished products, self-made semi-finished products, etc.), self-made materials, etc.
(2) Nature: The direct costs incurred in the manufacturing process of the product in the production workshop, the direct materials that constitute the main entity of the product and the direct labor that occur in the manufacturing process are borne by the product, and the cost of the product belongs to the cost class and is used as an integral part of the inventory.
(3) Account settings: "Production Cost", cost account.
(4) Application: Debits that are first collected in the "Production Cost" account; or costs carried forward by the "Manufacturing Expenses" account credit, representing the cost of unfinished products, and the costs are carried forward to the "Inventory Goods" account after completion.
3. Inventory items
(1) Concept: refers to the actual cost or planned cost of various commodities in the inventory of the enterprise, including the finished products in the inventory, purchased goods, commodities stored in the store department for sale, commodities that are issued for exhibition, and commodities stored outside.
(2) Nature: The goods that have been produced and accepted into the warehouse are used as an integral part of the inventory for the purpose of sale.
(3) Account settings: "Inventory Commodities", asset-type accounts.
4. The relationship between manufacturing costs, production costs and inventory goods
The costs that directly constitute the product entity are credited to the "production cost" account; the indirect costs incurred on the production floor are first collected to the debit of the "manufacturing cost" account, then carried forward to the "production cost" account, and then carried forward to the "inventory goods" account after the product is completed, indicating that the cost of the completed product is the composition of the inventory.
Manufacturing expenses → Production costs → Inventory goods
(In-product) (In-product) (finished product)
Liang Juefei: Hello Teacher Ma! In WeChat to pay attention to you for a long time, has always liked you, you on contemporary accounting, especially for the youth is really a transformative impact, I want to invite you to the University of International Business and Economics to talk to the students about accounting students are very fond of you, I am also an accounting student, see the teacher WeChat push benefits a lot, but also often to the students to recommend your articles, I don't know if you have the honor to invite teachers to the school to guide the exchange!
Ma Jinghao: Well, your school has also invited me, but the iron camp and the soldiers of the flowing water, it is estimated that you were still in high school at that time, and if you have the opportunity in the future, you must go to your school to communicate with young students!
Two
Now everyone knows that listed companies inflating their income through accounts receivable are hooligans, so it is hegemonic to create sales with "cash flow". The methods are: 1. The actual controller directly gives the money to the customer, and the customer then returns the money to the listed company through the purchase of products, inflating the income; 2. The listed company directly washes the money out to the customer by inflating the assets, and the customer then returns the money to the listed company.
To restore the fraudulent accounting entries, it is: (1) launder the money, borrow: construction in progress, prepaid accounts, other receivables and other accounts, credit: bank deposits. (2) Inflate income with "real" transactions, debit: cash, bank deposits, etc., credit: main business income, credit: tax payable - vat payable (output tax); debit: main business cost, credit: inventory.
Certified Public Accountant Da Zeng: In fact, Wanfu Shengke's cost method is what you said, which is very typical, and it is indeed hidden.
Fang Xingtu wants to stabilize: if the real VAT invoices are used for the reverse, it will be difficult to judge whether they are true or false.
Dr. Ma Junsheng: It is more difficult to rely on audits or review by the NDRC. If the short-selling mechanism is perfect, it is a relatively effective countermeasure to let the short-selling institutions kill such listed companies.
hujun75_75: Therefore, the proportion of cash business is high, and the listing of agricultural, catering and other companies is more rejected.
Ma Jinghao: There are two ways to find cash flow fraud: first, the purpose of enterprise fraud is not achieved as expected, the cash flow is broken, and it is automatically exposed; second, there is a "treacherous spy" within the enterprise and it is reported. If there were any other ways, it would be to hit the luck.
3. The relationship between the balance sheet, the income statement, and the cash flow statement!
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