Welcome to Shi Yuan's history column No. 2616. During the Liberation War, most of the defeated generals of the Kuomintang army, except for those who were killed, defected in rebellion, or fled to Taiwan, were taken prisoner and entered Gongdelin. Gongdelin is a war criminals management center in Beijing, where hundreds of Nationalist generals were held and rehabilitated. After the war, the detention of prisoners of war was naturally not the main purpose, and the new Chinese government hoped that they would calm down and reform themselves, adapt to the new society in the future, and contribute to the country after leaving the management office.
According to the actual transformation of the prisoners of war, the government granted amnesty to some outstanding and positive people, and the first collective amnesty occurred in 1959, such as the well-known former nationalist army leaders Du Yuming, Wang Yaowu, Song Xilian and others, who all returned to society after this amnesty. Although the first amnesty was given in 1959, in fact, as early as 1952, a Kuomintang prisoner of war was released from the Gongdelin in advance. Why is it so well treated?
The former nationalist general who left the Gongdelin Administration in October 1952 was named Wu Shaozhou. This man was the commander of the 85th Army of the 12th Corps of the Nationalist Army, and also the deputy commander of the lieutenant general of the corps, and his immediate boss at that time was Lieutenant General Huang Wei, the most stubborn prisoner of war in Gongdelin. Wu Shaozhou's performance in the management office was in stark contrast to his old boss, Huang Wei, who was the only Kuomintang prisoner of war who was firmly optimistic about and supported the volunteer army in the early days of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
After the outbreak of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea in 1950, many prisoners of war of the Nationalist army who were imprisoned in Gongdelin regarded this as an "opportunity," waiting to see the "good drama" of the US military defeating our army, and expecting lao Chiang kai-shek on the other side of the strait to make some moves. Among the many Nationalist generals who were imprisoned and reformed, only Wu Shaozhou had a positive attitude toward the war from the beginning, believing and supporting the Defeat of the United Nations In Korea by the Chinese army. Wu Shaozhou not only had positive thoughts, but also had practical actions, did some very useful things, and was recognized by the chairman.
It turned out that after Wu Shaozhou learned the news of China's sending troops to aid the DPRK, he was greatly shocked psychologically, admired the ambition of the Chinese army and government, and had a strong sense of national pride. He intended to use his strengths to help the volunteers defeat the enemy on the battlefield as much as possible. Wu Shaozhou came up with the idea of recording in detail his understanding of the tactics of the US military and the characteristics of US weapons and weapons, and providing suggestions for the reference of the volunteer troops. Wu Shaozhou was a Kuomintang general from the Central Department, and during the civil war, the 85th Army he commanded received a lot of support from American weapons, and there were also American personnel to teach, so Wu Shaozhou was proficient in the use of American weapons and had his own judgment on its pros and cons.
In the more than 60,000-word research article written by Wu Shaozhou, he focused on three very practical suggestions to our army: First, give full play to the special skills of night combat as much as possible. Wu Shaozhou and the People's Liberation Army have been at war for many years, and they know very well that our army is good at close combat and night combat, and the US military's firepower in the air has a great advantage, but it cannot be fully utilized at night; the volunteer army should give full play to its strengths and avoid its weaknesses in fighting more night battles; the second is to avoid getting into a head-on attack with the US army, and it should use flexible cutting movements to play mainly and fight more guerrilla warfare to offset the advantages of the enemy's armored units and firepower; this is also what our army is good at; the third suggestion is trench warfare and soil work, which can make up for the weakness of the volunteer army's poor firepower.
Friends who are familiar with the history of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea may be aware that these three suggestions put forward by Wu Shaozhou have all been applied and notable cases in later actual combat, and the effect is very good. Of course, it cannot be said that these fighting styles are carried out in accordance with Wu Shaozhou's ideas, but at least they coincide with the strategies and tactics of the senior commanders of our army, which shows that Wu Shaozhou still has real talent and practical learning, and he really used his heart when writing materials, not opportunistically.
The comrades of the management office attached great importance to the 60,000-word material written by Wu Shaozhou and thought that it was likely to have reference value, so they managed to hand it to the Central Committee. The chairman personally read what Wu Shaozhou had written, praised his opinion, and personally gave instructions: This prisoner of war has made meritorious achievements in both thought and action, and I think it is possible to release him in advance. Later, after organizational arrangements, Wu Shaozhou returned to Changsha in October 1952 to reunite with his wife and children, at this time the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was not over.
Wu Shaozhou's amnesty time was 7 years earlier than du Yuming and others, who performed best in Gongdelin, and from this point of view, he was the most special one among the prisoners of war of the Nationalist army. Wu Shaozhou spent the last fourteen years of his life as a free man, worked for the Hunan provincial government, did some useful things for the study of war history and cross-strait reunification, and finally died of illness in 1966.
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