<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > most of the region has entered late autumn in November, the weather has turned cooler, and some areas have entered winter, especially this year's La Niña event, this year is expected to be colder than usual. At this time, most of the diseases and insect pests have entered the dormant period, so the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in this period should be mainly prevention, so that the cost of disease and pest control will be relatively low next year. </h1>
Most of the pathogens (bacteria) or overwintering eggs of garden diseases and insects in The Garden treatment in November are left in the nursery to overwinter in the dead branches and leaves or weeds, and will come out when the conditions are suitable in the coming year. Therefore, this time will completely remove and destroy the dead branches and leaves and weeds in the garden, improve the health situation, and greatly reduce the source of various diseases and insects in the coming year.
Winter pruning of branches and leaves with diseases and insects is one of the important links in the management of gardens. Combined with winter pruning, the focus is on cutting the branches and leaves with diseases and insects. The cut branches and leaves of diseases and insects should be cleaned up in time and transported out of the garden for centralized treatment. Pruning in autumn and winter is best carried out in full during the dormant period of deciduous trees. The pruning of sidewalk trees is classified according to the tree species, growth potential, standing conditions, pruning targets, etc. of the sidewalk trees, and targeted pruning schemes are made. Dead dead branches, diseased and insect branches should be comprehensively cleaned up; wound cutting and sealing treatment should be carried out for damaged branches; and short-cut overlapping branches and drooping branches should be reasonably cut. Shrub pruning can be carried out according to weather conditions. Spring flowering plants, only dead branches, diseased and insect branches, over-dense branches, cross branches and long branches are properly treated. For fruit-viewing shrubs, pay attention to removing over-dense branches and excess branches, and exposing fruit branches, which is not only conducive to ventilation and light transmission, reduces pests and diseases, but also makes the fruit coloring good and improves the ornamental effect. Note: The shearing mouth should pay attention to antiseptic protection treatment, and a layer of trunk wound healing agent can be applied to prevent the evaporation and loss of wound moisture and nutrients, resist rain erosion and prevent the entry of pathogens; play a role in sterilization and disinfection, and quickly promote wound healing and antiseptic.
Painting the trunk white branches and branches can not only effectively prevent the frost damage of trees in winter, improve the disease resistance of trees, but also destroy the wintering places of diseases and insects, playing a dual role of both antifreeze and insecticide. The whitening agent can choose a special whitening agent, which can be sprayed with an electric sprayer, which greatly reduces the labor cost, is super resistant to rain washing, and is whitened at one time, and is effective for half a year. (Directly click on the text behind to view) Experience丨 Tree whitening precautions (whitewashing must see)
Winter ploughing can cause mechanical damage to underground pests lurking in the soil, expose them to the surface and make them pecked by natural predators such as birds, and if necessary, they can also be artificially hunted. In addition, deep turning buries the pathogens on the surface of the soil into the deep soil layer, and the pathogens in the deep soil layer are turned to the ground, destroying the suitable living environment of diseases and insects, and effectively controlling the occurrence of diseases and insects.
Although most of the diseases and insects enter the overwintering (or dormant) state in winter, some diseases and insect pests have strong adaptability and other reasons, so some diseases and insect pests continue to be active in winter, endangering garden plants. The main types of pests and diseases that can still be harmed on garden plants in winter are gray silkworm moth, some shell insects, some aphids, black betula, fig tube thrips, termites, tianniu, coal smoke disease, osmanthus blight and so on. It is necessary to promptly prescribe the right medicine according to the characteristics of the occurrence of harm, carry out prevention and control, and control its harm.
Mesozoans and coal pollution diseases Most of the green plants are associated with mesozoites and soot diseases. The occurrence of mesomorphs is more common, there are many species, the damage is quite extensive, in some tree species, even the insect body is full of stems, branches and leaves, which seriously affects the growth of green plants and the appearance of trees. Soot disease is often accompanied by mesozoites, mainly harmful to the leaves, young branches, flower utensils, the pathogenesis site of the formation of soot mold layer, in severe cases on the entire leaf covered into a thin sheet, inhibiting the photosynthesis of plants, weakening the growth potential of plants, seriously affecting the ornamental effect of garden plants. Control measures: spray with acetyl chlorpyrifos + benzopyrimidine + allicin.
There are gray and white silkworm moths and banyan female tube thrips such as fig yellow heart fig, weeping fig, large-leaf fig, banyan tree and other fig plants with gray and white silkworm moth and fig mother tube thrips. The larvae of the gray-white silkworm moth feed on the leaves and young shoots, the young larvae bite the leaf flesh, and the older larvae encroach on the leaves, because the larvae have a mimetic phenomenon, it is not easy to be found, and it is easy to cause great harm. Nymphs and adults of the ficus tube thrips file the sap of the host's young leaves and young shoots, causing purple-reddish-brown spots of varying sizes, withering the buds and folding the leaves along the midrib to the front, forming dumpling-like galls. Control measures: mixed with pesticides such as beetle mite nitrile or high-efficiency cypermethrin and sprayed.
Black spotted whitefly sheepshoe beetle, tianzhu gui, dachshund tree and other plants have black spinach whitefly hazards, black bettory whitefly cluster sucks the sap of plant leaves (leaf back), fruit and young branches, the damaged leaves appear green, yellow and white spots, when serious occurrences, the spots expand into pieces, and then the whole leaf is pale, resulting in leaf fall and dead tips. Prevention and control measures: spraying of pyridinone, bifenthrin and other agents.
Aphids oleander, red mulberry, sea tree, magnolia, peach, red leaf plum, pomegranate, fuso, plum blossom, camellia and other plants are susceptible to aphid damage in winter. Adult nymphs of aphids cluster on the young leaves and shoots of plants to suck sap, causing the leaves to turn yellow and curl, and their excrement induces soot disease, affecting growth and ornamentation. Control measures: spraying of pyrididone, hammering, thiamethoxine and other agents.
Osmanthus blight disease Osmanthus is prone to blight in winter. Osmanthus blight disease is a pest of leaves, the disease spots are yellowish brown, grayish brown to grayish white, the edges are black and brown, the shape is nearly round or irregular, and the edges are clearly demarcated from healthy tissues. When the disease is severe, the spots are connected to each other to form large dry spots, the dry area reaches 1/3 to 1/2 of the leaves, the dead part becomes brittle, and the leaves curl and easily crack off. Control measures: benzopyrimidine + allicin once every 10 days, 2 to 3 times in a row.
Overwintering pest control Diseases and insect pests are concentrated in the wintering places and early spring in the dormant period, the insect age is consistent, and it is the weakest period of the year, which is convenient for centralized control. Plants enter the dormant period, strong resistance to drugs, winter pruning after the plant branches and leaves are fewer, permeability is strong, spraying is easy to be uniform and thoughtful, both save the effect and good. Therefore, taking advantage of the favorable opportunities of winter and early spring to carry out comprehensive medicinal control of garden plants, the best effect is the best. Control measures: (1) In the late stage of plant dormancy, spray 50% sulfur 300 times liquid. (2) The root application of diazinphosphorus granules, imidacloprid insecticides and other agents has a good effect on reducing the harm of underground pests, dry moth pests and stinging pests overwintering insect sources and the following year.
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