Feed is rich in protein and minerals, as well as a variety of trace elements, whether the content of each nutrient content is sufficient will have an impact on the breeding rate of breeding pigs. Excessive nutrition can lead to excessive weight of breeding pigs and affect their reproductive performance, such as nutritional deficiencies can lead to stunted sows, delayed estrus or insufficient milk secretion, and will also reduce the quality and quantity of sperm in breeding boars.
First, the impact of feed nutrition on the reproductive performance of breeding boars
1. The impact of insufficient nutrition
If the nutritional intake of breeding boars is insufficient, it will delay their sexual maturity time and affect the normal development of their reproductive organs. For example, the insufficient supply of protein components in breeding will cause breeding boars to have insufficient semen volume and low quality. Malformations can occur if sperm motility is low, possibly due to a lack of vitamins or minerals.
2. The impact of overnutrition
Too much nutrient content will cause the boar boar to grow rapidly in weight, and will also reduce the quality and quantity of its sperm. Therefore, to ensure the reproductive performance of breeding boars, excessive nutrient supply should be avoided.
3. Feeding method
In addition to ensuring the appropriate amount of basic nutrients such as protein, breeding boars should also add an appropriate amount of selenium and vitamin E to their feed to reduce the damage of oxides to sperm and improve the semen quality of breeding boars under the antioxidant effect of these elements. In hot weather, an appropriate amount of vitamin C should be added to the feed to avoid the breeding boar from generating a heat stress reaction and causing it to appear dead sperm or sperm malformation.
Second, the impact of feed nutrition on the reproductive performance of gilts
1. The impact of overnutrition
Gilts are sows that are growing and developing and whose sexual organs are not mature. Sows at this stage whose feed nutrition is uneven will have a direct impact on their reproductive performance. If the nutrient supply is too much, its weight will exceed the standard and affect its reproductive performance. At the same time, if the obesity syndrome persists until after childbirth, it will also have an impact on its milk secretion function.
2. The effects of insufficient nutrition
Insufficient nutrient supply will lead to lean weight of gilts, and their milk secretion and quality will decline after calving, which is difficult to ensure adequate and balanced intake of nutrients in piglets.
The restricted feeding method should be adopted to carry out scientific feeding to ensure the timely and balanced supply of nutrients to ensure the fertility rate of its breeding and improve its production performance.
Third, the effect of feed nutrition on the reproductive performance of pregnant sows
The effects of nutrient status in the first and middle and late feeding of sows during pregnancy are not consistent.
1. The effect of feed nutrition in the first trimester of pregnancy
In the first trimester of pregnancy, the fetal growth rate is slower, the nutritional requirements are not high, if the feed is too nutritious at this time, it will make the sow's weight grow rapidly, which will not only increase the difficulty of its pregnancy, but also affect its reproductive rate.
2. Effects of feed nutrition in the middle and third trimester of pregnancy
In the second or third trimester of pregnancy, the fetus grows rapidly and the required nutritional requirements are multiplied, and if the nutritional supply is insufficient, the growth and development of the fetus will be affected.
3. Feeding method of pregnant sows
When feeding sows during pregnancy, they should be reasonably supplied and matched according to the different stages of pregnancy, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy, in addition to providing adequate nutrition for fetal growth, it is also necessary to ensure that it has sufficient nutritional reserves to ensure the large amount and quality secretion of its milk after childbirth. When feeding, it should also be noted that the amount of feeding should not be too large, otherwise the weight of pregnant sows will grow rapidly, and then it will cause difficult birth or stillbirth. When feeding, the supply of green and succulent feed should be increased to stimulate the appetite of pregnant sows, which can also reduce their constipation, and can also provide sufficient microorganisms and minerals to ensure the normal growth of the fetus, to achieve the purpose of multi-calving and improving the reproductive rate.
Fourth, the impact of feed nutrition on the reproductive performance of nursing sows
Nursing sows usually have higher nutritional requirements, so the impact of insufficient nutrient supply on them is more significant. If the adequate supply of feed nutrition is not guaranteed after childbirth, the sow will not have a high milk secretion capacity, which will make it unable to meet the nutritional needs of the piglet due to the small milk production, which will have an impact on the survival rate and growth and development of the piglets. At the same time, insufficient nutrition will have an impact on the ovulation of weaned sows, or delay their estrus time, so that there is a longer empty period, which will directly affect the reproductive rate of sows. If the feed nutrition is not reasonable, it will adversely affect the number of litters in the next litter of the sow.
2. Feeding method
Feeding nursing sows should ensure that the nutritional supply is adequate, the nutritional components are balanced and comprehensive, and an effective way should be taken to stimulate the appetite of sows and increase the amount of food they eat, so as to avoid weight loss due to insufficient nutritional intake. At the same time, a certain amount of vitamin E or vitamin A and other components can be added to the feed to achieve the effect of improving the reproductive rate of sows.
From this point of view, for breeding pig breeding, feed nutrition is the key to affecting the reproductive ability of sows at various stages, and will also have an impact on the reproductive performance of breeding boars. Therefore, farmers should conduct a reasonable analysis of the nutritional needs of sows at each stage, select a suitable feed, reasonably match nutrients to ensure that their nutritional needs are met, and carefully raise breeding boars to improve their reproductive performance to achieve the purpose of effectively improving the breeding performance of breeding pigs.
Author: Wang Songlin Animal Pastor