Source: People's Daily Original manuscript
The magpie noise plum tip is happy to report the sunshine, and a few leaves are opened.
In the Southern Song Dynasty poet Hong Zhikuo's "Nephew Shou Uncle", only the four words "Magpie Noise Plum Shoot" have flexibly constructed a picture full of vitality and joy.
The introverted and implicit ancients were good at using animals and plants to express emotions and allegories, not only in poetry, but also into cultural genes, giving birth to a large number of patterns that imply auspiciousness. For example, cypress, evergreen in winter and summer, is used to bless longevity for 10,000 years; pomegranate, with many seeds, means many children and many blessings; bats, in harmony with "fu", means happiness and auspiciousness. These auspicious patterns, which carry the blessing of a better life, have been painted by generations of craftsmen on the surface of porcelain and buildings, and woven on clothes and window curtains.
Born in the royal and rich in palace characteristics of the "palace carpet", it uses exquisite materials and exquisite and delicate weaving techniques to weave a large number of exquisite and gorgeous auspicious ornaments, so that people can feel the romance of the Chinese and the traditional Chinese culture that stretches for thousands of years.
The magpie noise plum is happy to report the sun
Magpies and plum blossoms are common auspicious ornamental elements in ancient China. Magpies often nest in groups on the trees next to the house, and their chirping "chirping" is considered to be an auspicious omen for happy events, so it is regarded by the ancients as a bird of annunciation. In the Song Dynasty Cheng Ju's "Four Pieces of Instant Drama, Four Of Them", there is a verse that reads," "Magpie noise is deaf, and the master is also good.".
As a symbol of "joy", the pattern of the magpie appeared in a large number of ancient paintings, bronze mirrors, and tapestries. In a "yellow magpie Dengmeiqing courtesy of the late Qing Dynasty", in the heart of the golden blanket, a corner is made of plum branches, the old trunk is horizontally and obliquely curved, the branches are luxuriant, the branches are hung with circular bird stands on the branches, and a magpie stands in the middle of it, with a hanging basket in its mouth, and plum blossoms are planted in the basket.
In the late Qing Dynasty, "yellow magpies dengmei qing provided a picture of planting velvet carpets". Collection of Huafang Art Center, Beijing
Flowers and birds and magpies are colorful in color, and the use of halo method is delicate and rich, and the expression is strong. The composition of the whole carpet is novel and loose, the color is elegant and bright, rich and gorgeous, dignified and atmospheric, and the meaning is beautiful. Magpies are birds of annunciation, and plums are the flowers of primrose. When magpies and plum blossoms appear together, they are often the motif of "magpie dengmei", which means "happy on the eyebrows". Therefore, folk often display items with the pattern of "magpie dengmei" in their homes to indicate good luck.
Late Qing Dynasty "Yellow Magpie Dengmei Qing Courtesy Offinan Fleece Carpet" (partial). Collection of Huafang Art Center, Beijing
Wen Cai Guang Hua squandered
There are birds and birds with peacock names, and the literary light is squandered.
This is a verse in the Ming Dynasty Hu Yu's "Peacock Diagram", depicting the graceful and luxurious beauty of the peacock, in which the poem praises: "There are birds and birds with peacock names, and the literary light is squandered." The neck is trimmed and the tail is covered with gold. ”
Peacock feathers are beautiful, and when the screen is opened, it is full of light, which is deeply loved by the ancients. The Song Dynasty Luo Yuan's "Erya Wing" also praised: "Gai Luan Feng Zhi Ya." Tail fan five and then formed, six or seven feet long, unfolded like a wheel, golden jade. ”
Peacocks not only have a beautiful appearance, but their life habits such as "knowing the times" and "eating and drinking festivals" have also been summarized by the ancient literati as the embodiment of "etiquette". The peacock screen is regarded as a sign of good fortune, and the peacock pattern has gradually become a traditional pattern loved by people, which is widely used in porcelain, clothing, bedding, bronze mirrors, paper-cutting and other fields, representing the meaning of auspiciousness, civilization and wealth.
In addition, the peacock is still a symbol of love and beauty in the folk, Tang Gaozu's good story of "finch screen selection" has been passed down to this day, and the newlywed furniture, utensils and makeup of the ancients are also commonly used peacock ornaments.
In the Western Han Dynasty Shi You's "Urgent Article", there is a record: "Splendid Embroidery Man Xiang Xiang Li Yun Jue, Riding Wind County Zhong Hua Dong Le", of which "Jue" Tong Que Yin, indicating that as early as the Western Han Dynasty, the ancestors had peacock patterns on their fabrics. The corrugated peacock brocade excavated from the Mawangdui Western Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan Province, confirms this.
In the late Qing Dynasty, "blue ground peacock open screen tangled lotus planting velvet carpet". Collection of Huafang Art Center, Beijing
In the late Qing Dynasty, the "blue peacock opening screen entangled with lotus planting velvet carpet" was very cleverly woven into a peacock opening screen map. The heart of the blanket is dark blue earth, the center is white, the four corners are made of peacock screen open picture, the feather tail blooms layer by layer, like a fan, brilliant and colorful, complex but not chaotic, and the screen feathers are composed of ribbons with hook cloud patterns, so that the carpet heart is cleverly shaped into a begonia.
In addition to the screen feathers, the yellow ground is full of entangled lotus patterns, the branches are slender and delicate, the rolling is measured, and the flower heads are interspersed, and the sizes are different but the rhythm is measured, like a flower tide. This is also an auspicious meaning.
Late Qing Dynasty "Blue Ground Peacock Open Screen Tangled Lotus Planting Velvet Carpet" (partial). Collection of Huafang Art Center, Beijing
Tangle lotus ornament is also a traditional auspicious pattern, often used in porcelain, silk fabrics, because of its pattern flowers and branches constantly entangled, so called tangled branches, also known as "longevity vine", meaning auspicious celebration, with the meaning of "endless life".
In the whole carpet ornament, the peacock open screen and the tangled lotus, the combination of simplicity and complexity, vivid and bright, but also means auspicious and auspicious, can be described as ingenious.
Red-sleeved weaving Aya kwa persimmon
Red-sleeved weaving Aya persimmon, Green Flag Selling Wine Taking Advantage of Pear Blossoms.
This is a verse in bai juyi's "Hangzhou Spring Hope" of the Tang Dynasty, which says that the girls who weaved aya in Hangzhou at that time were exquisitely skilled, and the persimmon tip became a signature pattern.
Persimmon pattern is also a common traditional auspicious pattern. Persimmon pattern, as the name suggests, is shaped like a persimmon divided into four petals.
The ancients had the saying that "the roots in the wood are solid, and the persimmon is the most", the persimmon pattern is considered to be very strong, and the circle in the middle represents the heavenly dome, and the other petals represent the four directions, expressing the desire of ordinary people to be strong and long-lasting, and everything is as expected, and is widely used in pottery, bronze, textiles and architecture. During the Warring States to the Han Dynasty, persimmon pattern doors and windows became popular. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, persimmon patterns became the pattern of planting blankets flourished for a while.
In this early Qing Dynasty "echo-patterned persimmon pattern pattern saddle blanket", the blanket heart is made of persimmon pattern brocade, the center is made of cluster flowers as the flower heart, and the four lotus patterns are surrounded into a ball, and the flowers and leaves are connected to form a graceful and rich flower. The four corners of the blanket heart make four tangled lotuses, the orange and yellow rendered flower heads are strong and full, and the lake blue and cobalt blue rendered tangles are flexibly stretched. The whole carpet has a strong contrast between cold and warm colors, and the ornamentation is orderly, which means that the wealth is long and the circle is complete.
In the early Qing Dynasty, "the pattern of persimmon patterns on the edges of the spring pattern saddle blanket". Collection of Huafang Art Center, Beijing
Another early Qing Dynasty "turmeric persimmon pattern floral pattern saddle blanket", the carpet rectangle, the carpet heart ginger yellow ground, the central decoration of the flower, the flower heart with a dark blue line outlined the nine square grid, interlaced with swastika and flowers, the outer part is rendered in lake blue, navy blue two colors to render the abductor pattern, the twists and turns constitute a circular flower pattern, alluding to the round place of the sky.
Early Qing Dynasty "turmeric ground persimmon pattern floral pattern saddle blanket". Collection of Huafang Art Center, Beijing
The void room is white, and the auspiciousness stops
The palace carpet originated in Ningxia, because of its firm weaving, soft carpet surface, deeply favored by the royal magnates, since the Yuan Dynasty, it has become the royal supplies of the imperial palace, "palace blanket" got its name. The imperial palaces of the Ming and Qing dynasties once experienced the glorious scene of "everywhere must be carpeted".
Chinese carpet craftsmanship has a long history, and the court carpet is the pinnacle of it, representing the highest artistic level of carpet weaving technology, exquisite weaving technology, colorful patterns, and delicate texture. In 2008, the Beijing Palace Carpet Weaving Technique was selected into the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.
The long history accumulation and the increasingly perfect craftsmanship have created a brilliant civilization of the palace carpet. In addition to the exquisite materials and exquisite craftsmanship, its ornamentation is more intricate and exquisite, full of ancient rhyme, "the picture must be intentional, the meaning must be auspicious", which has high artistic value.
"Zhuangzi" has clouds: "The virtual room is white, and the auspiciousness stops." ”
China's traditional auspicious pattern contains the traditional cultural mentality of the Chinese nation and holds a beautiful meaning, and the palace carpet, as the artistic carrier of these auspicious patterns, condenses the wisdom of successive generations of craftsmen, retains the historical and cultural imprint, and brings people an infinite hope for a better life and a great spiritual sustenance. (Text/Sunny Day)