More than 5,200 Jian Mu have been excavated from the archives of the main chamber of the tomb of Liu He, the Marquis of Liu He, the Marquis of The Xinhua News Agency, and the Institute of Excavated Literature of Peking University, which is responsible for the interpretation of these Jian Mu characters, recently announced the phased results. It is reported that researchers have identified more than a thousand pieces of bamboo on the record of a chess trick called "Liubo" chess, which is the first discovery, which provides good physical data for the study of the social customs and even the military system of the Han Dynasty.
The reporter learned that "Liubo" is a very popular board game in the Spring and Autumn Warring States and is the originator of chess, chess and other military board games. The emperors of the Western Han Dynasty were very fond of the "Six Bo" game, and the imperial court also had a special official position to manage the game. The way of playing chess is very similar to the military system at that time, and it is a game that symbolizes the form of combat at that time.
Zhu Fenghan, director of the Institute of Excavated Literature at Peking University, said that the "Hanshu Yiwenzhi" does not include documents such as "chess and spectral skills". During the Southern Dynasty Qi and Liangjian and Ruan Xiaoxu's "Seven Records", the "Big and Small Bo Fa", the "Pot Throwing Sutra", and the "Kik Sutra" were included in the "Book of Tricks and Miscellaneous Arts". The "Bingjia" category of the sub-section of the Sui Shu JingShu Zhi includes 6 kinds of 10 volumes of Bo drama literature such as "Miscellaneous Bo Drama", "Taiyi BoFa", "Shuangbo Law", "Huangbo Law", "Bosai Jing", "Eryi Ten Bo Jing" and so on.
The "Six Bo" brief text found this time has a title, and the form of description under the title refers to the chess pieces of both sides in the form of "green" and "white", which falls on the corresponding chess position (chess path) in order, according to the trend of different chess games, after the end of the dot, there are "green invincible" or "white invincible" judgments. The names of the chess paths recorded in the Jianwen can basically correspond to the "Six Bos" literature previously seen in the past, such as Xu Bochang's "Xingqi Kou Tips" transmitted by Xu Bochang, Yin Wan Hanjian's "Bo Ju Zhan", and Beihan Hanjian's "Six Bos".
According to the "Xijing Miscellaneous Records", Liubo's "Xingqi Oral Technique" was "recited by all the children of the three auxiliaries" at that time, which shows that "Liubo" was popular in the Han Dynasty, but its rules were lost after the Tang Dynasty. In the past, the Jian Mu literature found mostly used liubo divination.
Since its excavation in 2011, more than 10,000 pieces (sets) of precious cultural relics have been unearthed, which is of great significance for the study of the politics, economy and culture of the Han Dynasty in China. Experts believe that the "Liubo" chess score in the Hai di Jian Mu is the first discovery, combined with the physical objects and image data of the Liubo chess game seen in the past, it can promote the study of ideological, cultural and social life such as the concept of the Universe of the Han Dynasty and the rules of the Liubo game.
Marquis Liu He of haixia
Liu He (92 BC – 59 BC), grandson of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty Liu Che, son of Liu Qi, Prince of Changyi, and the ninth emperor of the Western Han Dynasty. The Marquis of Haidian was knighted by the Western Han Dynasty, and the first Marquis of Haixia was Liu He, the Former Prince of Changyi and the Deposed Emperor of the Han Dynasty.
His life was very tortuous - during his 33 years of life, he experienced the transformation of the three identities of king, emperor and marquis.
In the first year of Yuan Ping, Liu Fuling, the Emperor of Han Zhao, died. Because he had no heirs, in July of the same year, the general Huo Guang recruited Liu He to preside over the funeral and proclaimed himself emperor. Shortly after Liu He ascended the throne, Huo Guang announced that Liu He had done 1127 absurd things and deposed Liu He. Subsequently, Liu He was expelled back to Changyi and reduced to a commoner. At this time, it was only 27 days before Liu He ascended the throne. History is called "Emperor abolished by the Han Dynasty".
Liu He died of indignation at the age of 33.
Source: Beijing Youth Daily