Shan Taizi is the trademark of our team, so that citrus planting and sales have grown up for 8 years, has been in order to improve product quality, increase the income of citrus growers, serve the community as the goal, Shan Taizi to implement the thinning of the dense, large crown to small crown, reasonable formula fertilization, green prevention and control, lamination water saving and sugar enhancement as the focus, and strive to improve the quality of citrus has a major breakthrough, to achieve high quality, high efficiency purpose. @Shan Taizi has implemented a complete set of Yichang orange management measures and methods, which are now free to share with you, hoping to be useful to everyone. (The citrus we are talking about here refers to the planting experience of Wenzhou mandarin varieties in Yichang area)
Mountain Prince citrus base real shooting
<h1>The reason for the low price of citrus due to poor citrus quality</h1>
In traditional sales methods, the information between farmers and the market is asymmetrical, and their position is at the bottom of the value distribution. This is also one of the main reasons for the occurrence of phenomena such as the "rotten land" of agricultural products and the "roller coaster" of prices. It not only hits the enthusiasm of farmers for production and entrepreneurship, but also fundamentally harms the interests of farmers.
In recent years, citrus agricultural inputs have invested about 350 yuan / mu, and the income is about 1000 yuan / mu. The citrus industry has not done enough to increase farmers' incomes and poor households to get rid of poverty and become rich. Farmers have a small income, and they are closely related to all aspects of citrus production and sales.
First, the quality of citrus is not good
1. The phenomenon of variety aging is prominent, at present, the citrus varieties in our town are mainly dominant, there are weak trees, small leaves, unstable fruit habits, fruits are mostly high and zhuang type, thick skin, poor stress resistance and other issues, some trees have reached the economic life span, tree aging, weak growth, low yield, quality degradation, the need to renew or replant.
2. Due to climate, indiscriminate pesticide application and other reasons, some rare diseases and insects have risen to become the main occurrence of diseases and insects. Although the government has funded the joint prevention of citrus flies for many years, the fruit picking is not pure, the maggot processing of commercial treatment enterprises is not standardized, and although the harm rate has declined, the area of occurrence has not decreased, and even has an increasing trend. Popcorns, black bettorial whiteflies, and citrus whitefly have occurred in small pieces in recent years, and the investment in disease prevention and treatment has increased.
Technical guidance of Shan Taizi citrus base
Second, the price of citrus is low
There are many farmers who are accustomed to selling citrus in the whole garden, not grading according to the variety, good and bad, big and small, good and ugly mixed together, not sold at a good price; some farmers are completely waiting for people to buy, the information is not smart, the channels are not smooth; the picking is not done to mature a batch of picking. Judging from the market price, it is about 0.5 yuan / catty.
<h1>Key management measures and workarounds</h1>
First, the formula fertilization
Strengthen citrus soil management. It is recommended to focus on promoting the application of farm manure and organic biological fertilizer, and eliminate the application of elemental chemical fertilizers or N-pigment fertilizers that do not meet the growth requirements of citrus. According to the soil test report of the municipal soil and fertilizer station, scientific fertilization is carried out. Throughout the year, 3-4 kg of organic biological fertilizer are applied twice, and the soil testing formula is fertilized, what is missing in the soil, how much is grown, and the application of biogas residue biogas slurry is vigorously promoted, and the fertilizer is strictly controlled.
Second, prune large branches
Promote citrus twig pruning techniques. The tree height is controlled at 2.5-3 meters, the canopy coverage rate is controlled at 80%-85%, and the leaf area index is 4-6, so that the orange orchard has no intersecting branches and overlapping branches, forming a tree shape with fewer large branches and more small branches, uniform distribution, upper and lower fruits, inner and outer fruits, and three-dimensional results. Emphasis is placed on spring pruning from late February to March and summer trimming from mid-July. Vigorously implement the thinning of citrus dense, and control the early maturing varieties at 40-45 plants per mu.
3. Comprehensive control of diseases and insects
1. Agricultural measures. Rational formula fertilization to improve the stress resistance of citrus, thinning, improving light conditions, making full use of light surges, clearing ditches and draining stains, preventing waterlogging, etc.
2. Biological control. Vigorously promote hanging predator mites, one bag per plant, released in early May, to control the occurrence of red spiders; implement raw grass cultivation to protect natural enemies.
3. Physical prevention and control. Promote frequency vibration insecticidal lamps, hang 2 frequency vibration lamps per 30 acres, and hang yellow sticky insect boards in mid-May, 20-30 pieces per acre.
4. Chemical control. Choose bio-source and mineral pesticides with low residue and short residual effect period. The annual pesticide application amount is within 4 times, so that pesticides are used alternately, the number of pesticide applications is controlled within 2 times, and pesticide varieties are selected in strict accordance with the requirements of citrus green A-class food production.
Fourth, laminated water control sugar enhancement technology.
In September, the orangery is coated, and until November, the water is controlled and sugar is increased, the quality of citrus is improved, and the soluble solids of citrus reach 12-14%, the sugar content rises, and the quality increases.
Fifth, the mature harvesting technology.
Harvesting occurs when citrus is fully ripe, and early maturing varieties are generally harvested in late September and early October, with harvesting postponed to mid-November.
Sixth, comprehensive flower and fruit preservation technology.
Promote the use of high-quality fruit preservatives such as "love to harvest more" and other fruit preserving agents with few side effects during the flowering and young fruit stages to improve the quality of citrus.
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Seventh, the implementation of orange garden grass cultivation, the protection of orange garden good vegetation (the following is the cultivation method of raw grass).
1, grass production method: flat land orange orchard using inter-row grass, slope orange garden combined with the use of resident grass, high-density orange orchard should be covered with straw, weeds and so on.
2. Grass species: grass species that are short poles or creeping, shade tolerant, shallow root system consume less water and fertilizer, and can benefit the natural enemies of pests. Such as early maturing grass, white three-leaf, thistle and so on. It is necessary to resolutely eradicate vicious weeds and dangerous weeds, such as brown grass and bar plates.
3, raw grass cultivation technology: generally based on natural grass, planting and retaining grass combined. The amount of grass in the orange garden is too small, and the orange garden with a single species can take the topsoil within about 10 centimeters from the vegetable garden and other places with more weeds, and spread it according to 100-150 kg per mu of orange orchard, and can also use manual live broadcasting in March and April, and sow 1-2 kg of seeds such as thistle, chicken eye grass and cabbage per mu.
4. Management: Orangery grass. The growth of grass should be controlled, which will affect the growth of orange trees before cutting grass, leaving grass height at 10-15cm, generally cut 2-4 times a year, and the cut grass should cover the tree tray or hang the tree.
Mountain Prince Citrus Grove Real Auction (Farmers Citrus Joy Harvest)
<h1>Citrus cultivation tips summary</h1>
The above is my mountain prince citrus team engaged in many years of citrus planting, has been in accordance with this method to grow, every year citrus big year, the market price sold to 1 yuan per kilogram, and we implement according to this method, large area to achieve the boutique rate, can reach 1.5 yuan to 2 yuan per kilogram; small annual market price of 2 yuan per kilogram, we can sell to 3.5 yuan per kilogram. This is not worth it is the biggest benefit to themselves, and it also drives the surrounding citrus farming to increase their income and become rich together.