▲Source: Document Network
The local political districts of the Ming Dynasty were four levels of political envoys (provinces), prefectures, prefectures, and counties. The original "road" was replaced by the Department of Political Envoys. There are 13 administrative envoy divisions in the country, which are prefectures, prefectures, and counties, and some states have been merged. In the first year of Ming Hongwu (1368), Hui prefecture was changed to Hui County, which came under the jurisdiction of The Henan Envoy Si Weihui Prefecture. This was the beginning of the name "Hui County", and since then, the name "Hui County" has been used until 1988 AD, when the county was withdrawn and established as a city.
▲Source: Sohu Shanxi Youth Official
As in previous dynasties, revolts often broke out in the last years of the dynasty, causing wars and greatly reducing the population. The same was true in the early years of the Ming Dynasty, when successive wars in the Yuan Dynasty led to a sharp decline in population and desolation of the countryside. There are few people in Hui County and Xinxiang. The rulers had to emigrate from Shanxi and other places to Henan to open up the wilderness. Later legends of "moving from the big locust tree in Hongdong County, Shanxi" refer to this matter. According to the "Ming History and Food Goods Chronicle", from the second year of Ming Taizu Hongwu (1369) to the fourteenth year of Chengzu Yongle (1416), he moved from Hongdong and other places in Shanxi to Hui County many times. The population of Hui County increased to nearly 40,000 people. (See Daoguang's Huixian Zhihukou)
▲Source: Baidu Map Street View
As a result of the increase in immigration, the social productive forces have developed by leaps and bounds. Cotton planting technology also came from Jiangnan and began to be widely planted. The development of water conservancy undertakings has been rapid, and water conservancy facilities have been greatly increased. Only along the southern stream of Baiquan, the upper and lower gates of Majiaqiao, the Zhangjiawan Gate, the Daotian Gate and the Peijia Gate were built in turn. These five gates are named Renzi Gate, Yizi Gate, Ceremonial Gate, Zhizi Gate and Letter Gate respectively. The completion of the five gates can "cultivate water fields, art with japonica rice, barrenness, water conservancy, the land without the plague of depression, and the suffering of the people's compensation for grain" (see Daoguang's "Huixian Zhi , Qutian Zhi"). The county of Hui County was built in the Sui Dynasty and was heavily decayed by the Time of the Ming Dynasty. In the third year of Ming Hongwu (1370), the county government office was rebuilt, and its appearance was renewed. In the same year, Zhang Lian of Zhixian created the City God Temple on the right side of the county court.
▲Source: Baiquan Yaodu official website
In the eighth year of Ming Hongwu (1375), the Baiquan Temple Festival, founded by the Sui Dynasty and handed down, gradually evolved into a medicinal material exchange conference. Since then, an annual national medicinal materials exchange conference has been formed.
▲Source: Beijing time
Many politicians and scholars of the Ming Dynasty left meritorious deeds, ink marks, relics and good stories in Hui County. For example, the famous scholar Li Zhen (present-day Jinjiang, Quanzhou) served as a teacher in HuiXian County for 5 years. During the visit to Baiyun Temple, he left a famous poem of "Visiting Baiyun Temple Inscription Poem". He later served as the prefect of Yao'an in Yunnan Province. He resigned at the age of 54 and wrote books and lectures in his later years. He has written famous works such as "Book Burning", "Continued Book Burning", "Book Collection", and "Continued Book Collection". In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the famous Qing official in history, When Hai Rui once called him "the first outspoken official in the world", Wei Yunzhen, the right attendant of the military department, once wrote the word "Sumen" in a big book when he was traveling to Baiquan, and stayed on Sumen Mountain, and his characters were vigorous and vigorous, which was highly praised by posterity. The famous literary scholar Li Mengyang, opposed the humble literary style of Hua Jing at that time, advocated that "Wen must be Qin and Han, and poetry must be prosperous and Tang", which was quite prestigious at that time and was known as the "first seven sons". (It is a combination of Ming Hongzhi and Zhengde period literary scholars Li Mengyang, He Jingming, Xu Zhenqing, Bian Gong, Kang Hai, Wang Jiusi and Wang Yan, and li and He are headed.) Because of the difference between the seven sons of Li Panlong, Wang Shizhen, Xie Hazel and other seven sons who came later, he was called the "former seven sons") He served as the deputy envoy of Hubu Langzhong and Jiangxi Tixue, and when he traveled to Baiquan, he wrote the "Record of the Reconstruction of Xiaotai" and stood on the top of Sumen Mountain. Yuan Hongdao, a famous literary scholar and one of the founders of the literary genre "Gong'an School", once composed "The Hundred Springs of You Sumen Mountain", which is still praised by people today.
▲Source: NetEase · Spring, Summer and Autumn History
In the last years of the Ming Dynasty, contradictions within the ruling clique intensified, resulting in mutual inversion. The contradictions between the peasants and the landlord class, between the citizens and the feudal rulers, became increasingly acute, provoking the resistance struggle between the peasants and the citizens, and peasant uprisings broke out in various places. In March of the sixth year of Chongzhen (1633), Li Zicheng's peasant rebel army approached the north of Hui County, and the cavalry was arrayed, looking like ants. September is approaching Xiguan again. In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen (1640), Hui County suffered a plague of locusts, and the crops were not harvested. The market feeds on human flesh. Coupled with the plague epidemic, nine times out of ten the dead, the bones are everywhere. Natural disasters and wars have left villages in ruins. In 1644, the Ming Dynasty finally collapsed.
Source: "The History of Gongcheng" by Zhang Youxin