Pan Zhang of the Twelve Tigers of the Three Kingdoms of Jiangdong

Pan Zhang(?) –234), courtesy name Wen jue ,字文珪), was a native of Fagan, Dong Commandery (東郡; present-day Guan County, Shandong), and a general of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period.

In the first year of Jian'an (196 AD), when Sun Quan was fifteen years old, he was appointed as the governor of Yangxian (present-day Yixing, Jiangsu), and Pan Zhang began to follow Sun Quan.

Sun Quan liked him and asked him to recruit soldiers, getting more than a hundred people. So he was used as a general. Because of his crusade against mountain thieves, Pan Zhang was promoted to sima of another department. Later, he served as a bazaar assassin in Wu County, causing the thieves to disappear, so he became known.

He was promoted to the county magistrate of Xi'an in Yuzhang County. In the neighboring county of Jianchang, there were thieves who rebelled, and he was transferred to Jianchang County Order, and was given the rank of lieutenant colonel Wu Meng to fight against the thieves, and within a month he pacified all the thieves, and then summoned the local scattered soldiers to swim bravely, got more than 800 people, and led them back to Jianye.

At the beginning of the twentieth year of Jian'an (215 AD), Sun Quan attacked Jingnan, and Pan Zhang, Lü Meng, Sun Jiao, and Lu Su each led their troops to separate ways and marched to Yiyang to confront Guan Yu. In the end, Liu Bei divided Jingzhou equally with Sun Quan to quell the incident.

In August of the twentieth year of Jian'an (215 AD), Sun Quan attacked Hefei and killed two deserters in Song Qian's and Xu Sheng's army. When the Eastern Wu soldiers saw this, they all turned back and fought again. Although Eastern Wu was defeated in Hefei, Sun Quan still praised Pan Zhang, worshipping him as a partial general, with hundreds of colonels and tun in Banzhou.

In the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an (219 AD), Sun Quan again went out to attack Jingzhou, Sun Quan attacked Guan Yu, Guan Yu retreated to Maicheng, Wu Fan predicted Guan Yu's false surrender, Sun Quan then sent Pan Zhang and Zhu Ran to cut off the rear road of the general Guan Yu, and after Pan Zhang's army arrived in Linfeng, he lived in the middle of the stone and encountered Guan Yu's army. In December, Pan Zhang's subordinate Sima Mazhong captured Guan Yu, Guan Ping, and the governor Zhao Lei. Guan Yu and Guan Ping were beheaded on the spot in the Linfeng area. Sun Quan then divided yidu and zigui counties into Guling County, and Bai Panzhang was made the general of Taishou and Zhenwei, and the Marquis of Liyang was enfeoffed.

In the second year of the Huang Dynasty (221 AD), Gan Ning died, and Pan Zhang led his people. Liu Bei sent Ma Liang to lure the People of Wuling yimin and make them rebel against Wu. Pan Zhang and others, with a total of 50,000 horses, under the leadership of Lu Xun, the governor of Dadu, defended Liu Bei at Yiling.

In the third year of the Huang Dynasty (222 AD), his subordinates beheaded Liu Bei's protector Feng Xi and others. The Shu Han army suffered heavy losses. Sun Quan appointed Pan Zhang as the general of Pingbei and the Taishou of Xiangyang. Liu Bei retreated to the White Emperor's City. Pan Zhang, Xu Sheng, and others wrote to Sun Quan, demanding another attack on Liu Bei. Lu Xun, Zhu Ran, Luo Tong, and others objected. After analyzing, Sun Quan decided to withdraw his troops and ask for peace.

In the fourth year of the Huang Dynasty (223 AD), Cao Pi discovered that Sun Quan was not sincerely obedient and attacked Wu in a big way. Cao Zhen, Xiahou Shang, Zhang Gao, Xu Huang, and others attacked Zhu Ran in Jiangling. Pan Zhang, Zhuge Jin, Yang Cang, and others were ordered to break the siege, but were unsuccessful.

The Wei general Xiahou Shang and others besieged Zhu Ran in Nan County, divided the front army of 30,000 man-made pontoon bridges, crossed the Hundred Mile Continent, Zhuge Jin and Yang Yue combined to go to the rescue, but unknown enemy situation, failed to rescue, and the Wei army had soldiers crossing the river every day. Pan Zhang said: "The Wei army was strong at the beginning, and the river was shallow, and it was not time to fight with them. He then led his army to the upper echelons of the Wei army for fifty miles and established a water city. Millions of bundles of reeds were cut down and tied into rafts, trying to set fire to the water and burn the pontoon bridge. Zhuge Jin also launched a large-scale attack on Xiahou Shang, and Xiahou Shang and others retreated because they could not attack Jiangling for a long time. Pan Zhang rushed to the land mouth to prepare for defense.

In the sixth year of Huang Wu (227 AD), Sun Quan personally led an army to meet the Wei army at Shiyang, and the Wu army won a great victory and prepared to return to the division, with Pan Zhang as the queen. However, in the middle of the night, chaos occurred, the enemy pursued Pan Zhang, Pan Zhang could not resist, fortunately Zhu Ran rescued.

In the first year of the Huanglong Dynasty (229 AD), Sun Quan declared himself emperor and appointed Pan Zhang as the right general.

Jiahe died in the third year (234 AD), and Sun Quan ordered his troops to be handed over to Lü Dai to take over. Pan Zhang's son Pan Ping misbehaved and was exiled. Pan Zhang's wife lives in Jianye. Sun Quan gave land and houses and fifty tenants exempted from conscription.