Lanzhou Past: Stories circulating inside and outside Guangwu Gate
A corner of the old town of Lanzhou in the past
Located at the intersection of Qin'an Road and Jinchang North Road in the old town of Lanzhou, Guangwu Gate is one of the nine outer gates of Jincheng. In terms of orientation, Guangwumen is located in the northeast of the old city.
The ancients built city gates, pay more attention to feng shui, according to the I Ching Bagua direction, the northeast direction is the "shengmen", that is, the ideal place for military training. The name Guangwumen according to this doctrine is not without reason.
The Ying'en Gate, the easternmost part of the old city pool, is the only way to welcome the qing court and the chinese officials, which also has its cultural background. At that time, not every city gate could greet important people in the DPRK at will.
During the Ming Dynasty, there was a military training place outside the Guangwu Gate, which was called the Eastern Teaching Field by the common people. Qianlong Three Years of the Qing Dynasty (1738),
A small teaching ground was also built in the southwest of Guangwu Gate, which was also used as a training place for troops. After the Xinhai Revolution, the small teaching field became a prison. After the liberation of Lanzhou, the prison was demolished, and there were several changes. After the 1990s, it became the office of the Forestry Department of Gansu Province.
Before it was built as the Forestry Department, in the 1980s, it was a place where food and snacks gathered. On both the east and the west sides, there are small restaurants. The first restaurant on the east side of the street specializes in raw fried buns, owned by a Sichuan woman in her early forties.
This family's raw fried buns taste good, every time you go to dinner, it is the customer Yingmen, you need to wait a long time, you can eat the skin yellow, crisp and raw, delicious and delicious raw fried buns.
The street inside the Guangwu Gate runs east-west. In the Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, this street from Guangwu Gate to Dongdacheng Gate LaixuMen (the west end of the intersection of Qin'an Road and Jingning North Road) was called Xinguan Street, Xinguan Street, and Xinguanzheng Street. After 1941, it was called Guangwu Road. In 1946, it was once called Xixun Tuan Road. In 1958, it was officially named Qin'an Road.
At the northwest end of Guangwu Gate, it is the Gejia Laneway, named after the Ge family's family. There are many stories in Gejia Lane, in the old days there was a family in the laneway, the owner Lao Ge, was an old expert in playing antiques, in the old 30s and 40s, Jincheng played antique calligraphy and painting people knew him.
Lao Ge originally operated antiques at the Zhongshan Market in Orchid Garden, mainly for diamonds, pearls, snuff bottles, jade, as well as bed blankets, Xinjiang blankets, Tibetan blankets made by wealthy families, and also sold rosary beads used by monks.
Next to the Zhongshan Market is the Great Buddha Temple, and when Lao Ge encounters a better Buddha statue, he will give it to the abbot of the Great Buddha Temple, Wu Ming, to take a look. Wu Ming was a disciple of the Chuan Lantern under the Cao Dong Sect, who had a relatively deep meditation kung fu and was also more skilled in medicine.
In 1928, Liu Yufen built the Zhongshan Market and forcibly occupied the land of the Great Buddha Temple, and Wu Ming and Liu Yufen, the ruler of Gansu at the time, were more tense about this matter. Liu Yufen had people lure Wuming by indecent means in an attempt to frame and discredit Wuming, but without success. Later, he asked Wuming to be the county magistrate as bait, and asked Wuming to make concessions, but he was refused. Soon a compromise was reached between the two sides, and the Zhongshan Market occupied only the northwestern part of the Great Buddha Temple.
There was a rumor that at that time, zhongshan market would draw some taxes every year and donate them to the Great Buddha Temple in the name of incense money. However, there is no historical basis for this statement, and whether there is such a thing or not is now something that is not clear, and can only be listened to as gossip in the streets and alleys.
Liu Yufen is a fierce person, and there is no taboo and moral bottom line in doing things. When he was in Lanzhou, he buried Li Changqing, Bao Yuxiang, Hua Liansheng and others who did not cooperate with him alive.
The reason why he was relatively polite to the abbot of the Great Buddha Temple, WuMing, in addition to the fear of offending the gentry class of Jincheng and causing dissatisfaction among the people, was also related to Wuming's relatively high prestige in Lanzhou.
Wu Ming is an outsider, has meditation skills, and sees the matter of life and death lightly and comfortably than ordinary people. Liu Yufen's heavenly power, in his eyes, I am afraid that is just that.
Later, Liu Yufen planned to build a building in front of the governor's office, and after breaking ground, Liu Yufen and his immediate superiors did not know the cause and suffered from throat disease at the same time. Liu Yufen hurriedly ordered the project to be dismounted. Seek medical attention everywhere to treat pharyngitis. But his throat disease not only did not get better, but it became more and more serious.
Finally, I had no choice but to seek medical treatment to the enlightenment of the Great Buddha Temple. Enlightened tomorrow's sexual compassion, no consideration of the festival with Liu Yufen, and the administration of medicine. After Liu Yufen recovered from her illness, her attitude towards Wuming eased somewhat, and she respected her a lot.
Lao Ge once offered a relatively valuable jade Buddha statue to Wu Ming, but Wu Ming was too valuable and did not accept it. After that, Lao Ge offered a string of ordinary Buddha beads, and Wu Ming accepted it and held this string of Buddha beads in his hand every day after receiving it. Within a few years, this string of ordinary Buddha beads became brilliant.
Later, the Shisha family of Xinguan Street made offerings to the Great Buddha Temple, and Wu Ming gave this string of Buddha beads to the Wang family. Wang later became acquainted with Ma Mou, who was doing business in Xianmen Street, and the two had similar feelings, so Wang gave this string of Buddhist beads to Ma Mou. Ma Mou's descendants have preserved several ink paintings of Wu Ming's paintings.
Ma Mou and Wu Ming have contacts, and their friendship is relatively deep, so they have the opportunity to receive his ink paintings. Later, these paintings were burned for some reason by Ma Mou's descendants in anger.
Lao Ge once collected an inkblot of Shi Tao, a well-known painter of the Ming Dynasty, and later became acquainted with Zhang Daqian, a great painter in Lailan. After Zhang Daqian's appraisal, it turned out that this ShiTao painting was Zhang Daqian's handwriting, which made a joke that was not big or small.
Zhang Daqian bought back this autographed ink from Lao Ge for five hundred silver dollars and gave it to Zhang Boju in Beiping. Later, Lao Ge got to know Zhang Boju through yu Youren's relationship. He also went to Beiping to visit the court and asked Zhang Boju for some identification doorways for calligraphy and painting antiques.
Zhang Boju's family is relatively noble, he is the son of Zhang Zhenfang, and he is good at antique calligraphy and painting. Zhang Boju's wife, Pan Su, is a big beauty, noble and elegant temperament, once famous on the beach, she is also good at ink painting.
Pan Su is a descendant of The Qing Dynasty talented son Pan Shien. Pan Shi'en was the head of the Qianlong Fifty-Eighth Year (1793) Decameron Family. Pan Shien's grandson is Pan Zuyin, who is a Qing Xianfeng second-year nonzi family tanhua, which can be described as a noble family.
Pan Zuyin once had a famous saying related to Zuo Zongtang, which has been passed down to this day. This sentence goes like this: "The country cannot go a day without Hunan, and Hunan cannot go a day without Zuo Zongtang." Some people have said that Pan Su is a direct descendant of Pan Zuyin, which is impossible, because Pan Zuyin is a heavenly castration and has no fertility.
In the Qing Dynasty, in the Gejia Laneway, there was a felt hat workshop. During the reign of the Qing Dynasty, there was a young man in the Sanjia Jishuijia Village of Prince Temple in Hezhou, called Shui Yingcai. Due to the chaos of the soldiers in his hometown, he was exiled to lanzhou, and after several turns, he finally became an apprentice in this felt hat workshop in Gejia Lane.
Shui Yingcai had only just gone to a private school, planned plates, was smart and studious, and quickly mastered the technique of making felt hats. The treasurer saw that the young man was clever and clever, a talent for making things, and then made him Mr. Bookkeeper.
In the first year of Qing Guangxu (1875), Shui Yingcai took down this felt hat workshop and became the head of the house himself. Shui Yingcai's eldest son, Shui Zi, graduated from the Beijing Normal School of Law and Politics, joined the League, and later served as the principal of Lanzhou No. 1 Middle School and the director of the Gansu Provincial Department of Education. Shui Zi had a grandson, who was a news anchor on CCTV in the 1990s and was famous throughout the country.
At the west end of Gejia Laneway, is a temple called Tanyun Temple, built in the Ming Dynasty. To the west of Tanyun Temple is the residence of the Qing Dynasty scholar Zhang Guochang.
Zhang Guochang, a native of Lanzhou and originally living in the Liangyuan Temple (in the area of present-day Gulou Alley) outside the southern gate of the old city, was deeply knowledgeable and wrote thirty volumes of the Chronicle of Reconstructing Gaolan County, of which Liu Erqiu, the Great Confucian of Jincheng, was his proud disciple.
In the sixteenth year of the Qing Dynasty (1890), Yang Changjun, the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, created the Gansu Telegraph Office to erect telephone poles along the East and West Avenues of the old city. It was the spring and summer of this year when it was not raining inside and outside Jincheng, and the crops were not harvested.
At that time, most people were superstitious, believing that it was because of the erection of electric poles along the way, which destroyed feng shui and angered the old dragon king, so that the Golden City was free of rain. People moved to remove the poles.
Zhang Guochang did not believe in such superstitious rumors, and personally came forward to persuade and explain, saying that there was no electric pole before, and the drought still occurred, which shows that the drought and the planting of electric poles are not necessarily related. We old Lanzhou people still understand things better, and after his persuasion, we did not obstruct this matter anymore, and the telephone pole was smoothly erected.
To the west of Zhang Guochang's residential courtyard is the Lanshan Academy built in the Qing Dynasty. During the Ming Dynasty, the predecessor of the academy was a garden in the SuWangFu, named the Red Garden. Lanshan Academy later became today's Lanzhou No. 3 Middle School.
To the west of Lanzhou No. 3 Middle School is Qin'an Road Primary School, which was formerly known as Matsu Temple in the old days. In 1913, the primary school attached to the Gansu Provincial Normal School was established in the Matsu Temple. In 1916, it was changed to the District No. 1 Higher Primary School. Later, it was changed to the Female Teacher's Affiliated Primary School, which is today's Qin'an Road Primary School.
At that time, Qin'an Road Primary School had two teaching areas, which were divided into the main department and the second department. The main department is located in the campus of today's Lanzhou No. 3 Middle School, and the second part is today's Qin'an Road Primary School.
Not far from the west end of Qin'an Road Primary School, is Xiaobei Street. Xiaobei Street is a north-south alleyway, from the north end of this lane to the west, you can lead to Qing'an Street (now the north end of Jingning Road).
In the old days, people inside and outside the old town gathered in this lane to sell donkeys, mules and horses, so it was called Donkey Market Street. Around the 1920s, the trading place of Donkey Market was moved to the east of Hengjiezi at the south end of Donkey Market Street, and Donkey Market Street was renamed Xiaobei Street.
Scholar Deng Ming recorded that in the 1930s, a merchant surnamed Liu in Shaanxi Province opened a pastry shop at the west end of Xiaobei Street, called Sanhe Gong Sauce Garden. This pastry shop was famous for its exclusive crystal cakes and candy in the old town at the time.
Sanhegong also operates its own brewed shochu with a unique flavor. This kind of shochu is made by blending papaya wine and shochu, and every 100 kilograms of shochu is accompanied by 20 kilograms of papaya wine. After pouring into the altar, it needs to be stored in the kiln for half a year.
After the kiln opens, this kind of shochu has a deep and intoxicating taste, and a pound can be sold for eight cents. It was four or five corners more expensive than the ordinary shochu on the market at that time. But there are still many old Lanzhou people who like to drink to buy, which is very popular.
In 1941, Cheng Yiming, head of the Kuomintang military command, rented the residence of a family surnamed Zheng on the south side of Xinguan Street in Guangwumen and converted it into a prison. The zheng family moved from Xinguan Street to Tanshi Street.
This prison is also called Guangwu Road Secret Prison, Xinguan Secret Prison, about sixty meters west of Wufu Lane.
According to Mr. Zhou Shikun's account, during the tenure of Li Yonglu, the head of the Kuomintang secret service, this prison did a lot of evil and bad things, and maimed many underground COMMUNIST Party members and righteous people in the people. Most of the people they caught were subjected to various forms of torture. The whole-person methods used by the agents included taking a plane, pulling out tendons, pumping back flowers, brushing the hearts of the feet, pinching the hand gate, and filling with spicy water.
The so-called "flying" means that after tying people's arms to their backs, they are hung in mid-air with a bundle and beaten with a leather whip. The so-called "brushing the heart of the foot" is to use a bristle brush, after dipping in water, repeatedly scratch the heart of the inmate's foot, so that the prisoner cannot survive and die. There is also "spicy water", that is, a long mouth leak filled with oil is forcibly inserted into the mouth and nose of the tortured person, and the pepper powder soaked with vinegar and water is poured into the funnel, and the chili powder enters the mouth and nose of the person along the funnel, so that the tortured person cannot breathe, which is very cruel.
After the liberation of Lanzhou, the executioners Chen Fushan and Li Chengde in Guangwu Road Prison were severely punished. Liu Mou, Ding Mou and some other accomplices bowed their heads and confessed their guilt, confessed the problem frankly, and were leniently dealt with by the people's government.
Today Lanzhou