"Post-90s" cancer at a young age? Yes, you read that right! He is in the prime of his life, but he is plagued by cancer!
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > 25, 22, 29! A link diagnoses three "post-90s" cancer patients</h1>
On June 2, Qianjiang Evening News reported that a hospital in Hangzhou had treated three cases of post-90s cancer patients in succession. ①
1, 25-year-old guy - advanced liver cancer
A 25-year-old Jiangxi boy who had just been newly married for a year went to the hospital for abdominal pain and was eventually diagnosed with advanced liver cancer. Yu Jixian, chief physician of the Department of Oncology of Hangzhou Xixi, who received the treatment, said that the 25-year-old man has lost the opportunity for surgery, liver transplantation and other treatments. As a hepatitis B patient, he felt that he usually had no physical discomfort, and did not have regular physical examinations and re-examinations, so that he missed the best treatment period.
2, 22-year-old girl - diagnosed stomach cancer
Xiaojin, a 22-year-old hangzhou girl, used to work overtime until late at night. She ate very irregularly, monday to Friday, basically eating takeaway, but also hungry for a full meal, and was eventually diagnosed with stomach cancer. She should have had a beautiful youth, but now she is suffering from surgery and chemotherapy, and she is accompanied by beds and drugs all day.
3, 29-year-old young mother - melanoma
A 29-year-old young mother with a cute 2-year-old baby who was diagnosed with extremely malignant melanoma 4 months ago. Due to the failure to treat it in time, the lump on the chest became larger after 4 months, and the lump ruptured and flowed with pus every day, often emitting a foul odor and suffering.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > oncologist: Normal cell cancer does not happen overnight</h1>
Yu Jixian, chief physician of Hangzhou Xixi Oncology Department, introduced: Normal cells becoming cancer cells are not achieved overnight, but a multi-step cancerous process.
For example, most of the pathogenesis characteristics of liver cancer in China follow the trilogy of "hepatitis B → cirrhosis → liver cancer"; the occurrence of gastric cancer often goes through the process of "chronic superficial gastritis → atrophic gastritis→ intestinal metaplasia → dysplasia (intraepithelial tumor) → gastric cancer". Do a good job in the three-level prevention of cancer, in all aspects of tumorigenesis, choose different interception methods, each broken, become the "golden bell cover" for cancer prevention and control.
Professor Ji Xiaolong of the Third Medical Center of the former PLA General Hospital also said in an interview with the Health Times reporter in 2011 that any cancer does not occur suddenly, from cell mutation to cancer cell formation, and then to the development of a lump, it takes at least 10 years. For example, liver cancer, stomach cancer, and cervical cancer are very typical. ②
Most young people do not have the awareness of regular physical examination, blindly think that youth is capital, and the disease is far away from themselves, so that when diagnosed with cancer, they have lost the best time for treatment and regret it.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > prevent cancer, we must do a good job of early intervention! </h1>
1. Liver cancer
There is a trilogy of liver cancer occurrence:
Hepatitis → cirrhosis → liver cancer
Professor Ji Xiaolong said that the development of liver cancer should go from the first step to the third step, not overnight. The liver is a very low-key organ, even if it is invaded by the virus, it will remain silent, but for more than ten years or even decades, sometimes the liver is violated up to two-thirds, and the body surface still has no symptoms at all. ②
Intervention methods: patients with hepatitis B and cirrhosis of the liver should preferably have a physical examination every 3 to 6 months, mainly to check the liver B ultrasound and alpha-fetoprotein. Patients with cirrhosis should receive standardized treatment in a timely manner, and hepatitis B should be actively treated. For people with fatty liver, pay attention to reasonable weight loss, refusal to drink alcohol and active treatment.
2. Stomach cancer
Stomach cancer also develops a rough process:
Chronic superficial gastritis → chronic atrophic gastritis→ intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia → gastric cancer
Chen Xi, director of the oncology department of the Ninth 900 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, said in an article in the Health Times on May 24, 2019 that the clinical symptoms of chronic atrophic gastritis are mostly epigastric pain, bloating, abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite, etc. Chronic atrophic gastritis can be confirmed by gastroscopy and mucosal biopsy, and is usually not cancerous as long as it receives timely and regular treatment in the chronic phase. ③
Intervention methods: gastroscopy every 3 years for superficial gastritis, gastrososcopy every 1 to 2 years for chronic atrophic gastritis, and active treatment. Detection of Helicobacter pylori and standardized anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy as appropriate.
In addition, for friends with gastritis, try to eat less and do not eat moldy foods, pickles, pickled smoked foods, and tobacco and alcohol, which are not conducive to disease recovery.
3. Bowel cancer
The occurrence and development of colorectal cancer generally goes through three stages:
Polyps → adenomas → colorectal cancer
Zhang Kai, deputy director of the Cancer Prevention And Physical Examination Center of the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, said in an interview with the media that from polyps to adenomas to cancerous changes, it generally takes about 10 years, called the "golden decade", because within this decade the examination can be detected early and even precancerous. At this stage, polyp removal through colonoscopy can greatly reduce the occurrence of bowel cancer. ④
Intervention method: 1 coloroscopy after the age of 50, if the examination is normal, you can do a second time at intervals of 5 to 10 years; do not give up the fecal occult blood test every year for routine physical examination. Patients with a family history of intestinal polyposis, frequent eating of high-fat and high-fever foods, smoking and alcoholism, colon adenoma syndrome, chronic ulcerative colitis, and intestinal schistosomiasis granulomatosis are all high-risk groups, and they should pay attention to their intestinal health in time.
4. Cervical cancer
Ren Qingling, chief physician of the Gynecology Department of Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said in a media interview in 2019 that about 95% of cervical cancers are related to persistent infection of high-risk hpv, and the general occurrence process is as follows:
HPV infection → persistent HPV infection → the development of cervical precancerous lesions (CIN) → invasive cervical cancer
From HPV infection to cervical cancer, it takes a long process, taking a minimum of 5 to 10 years, with an average of 20 to 25 years. In this long process, there is plenty of time to reverse.
70% to 80% of women can clear the HPV virus through their own immunity and local immunity of the vagina, of course, the establishment of this immunity requires you to have a pleasant mood and adequate sleep.
Some women continue to have HPV infection, infected cells into diseased cells, at this stage if found in time and received drug treatment, diseased cells can still be transformed into normal cells. ⑤
Intervention: Cervical cancer vaccination to prevent cervical cancer. Couples should pay attention to sexual hygiene. Cervical cancer screening starts at 21 years old, and TCT (liquid-based thin layer cell test) is recommended every 3 years for 21 to 29 years old; TCT plus HPV (human papillomavirus test) test is recommended for 30-63 years old, and screening is recommended every 5 years.
If there are high-risk factors, more frequent tests are needed. Cervical cancer screening, including TCT plus or vaginal odor, or vaginal bleeding after sexual intercourse, must be screened for cervical cancer, including TCT in combination with HPV.
5. Lung cancer
The development of lung cancer also goes through three steps:
Lung nodules → atypical adenomatous hyperplasia → lung cancer
Teng Lisheng, director of the Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, said in an article on the hospital's official micro-blog that China is currently the largest country for lung cancer. Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia in lung nodules is a precancerous lesion. Among them, the larger the nodule, the greater the likelihood of malignancy.
According to the clinical observation of isolated nodules in the lungs in thousands of cases, the diameter of lung nodules is less than 0.5 cm, and the possibility of malignancy is very small, about 1% or less; when 0.5 to 1 cm, the probability of malignancy is 6% to 28%; the probability of malignancy of lung nodules with a diameter of >2 cm is 64% to 82%,; and the diameter of lung nodules > 3 cm is malignant in 90% to 95%. ⑥
Qiao Vip, director of the Department of Thoracic Surgery and deputy director of the Cancer Treatment Center of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, said in an interview with Guangzhou Daily that for those who are highly suspected of precancerous lesions or even early cancer, surgical clearance can be carried out, and now large hospitals can generally use thoracoscopy for minimally invasive surgery, and more than 90% can be "done". ⑦
Intervention: It is recommended that people over 45 years of age, or at high risk with a family history, be able to do low-dose spiral CT once a year to screen for early-stage lung cancer. Surgery is performed if necessary.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > essential for active lifestyle adjustments! </h1>
Although, atrophic gastritis, polyps, cirrhosis ... These conditions may be associated with cancer, but they have a long distance from the development of benign diseases to precancerous states and then evolved into cancerous diseases, so there is no need to panic, but once they are discovered, they should also pay enough attention to active treatment and lifestyle adjustment.
1. Regular review
Every 1 to 2 years or even half a year, a lesion site is examined to closely monitor the lesion status.
2. Weight control
It is recommended to control the body mass index at 18.5 to 23.9 to avoid excessive weight and lightness. BMI is the square of the number of kilograms of body mass divided by the number of meters of height.
3. Quit smoking and limit alcohol
Alcohol can increase the risk of cancers such as breast, bowel, and liver cancer. Smoking can increase the risk of lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and so on.
4. Reasonable diet
Eat more vegetables and fruits, the "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2016)" recommends eating more than 5 kinds of vegetables and fruits per day, reaching 400 to 800 grams per day. On a low-salt diet, the daily intake of table salt should not exceed 6 grams (about 1 beer cap). Limit red meat, daily red meat intake should be less than 10% of total energy, no more than 90 grams per day. Stay away from processed foods.
5. Exercise
Exercise for 30 minutes a day. Aerobic exercise should be adhered to 3 to 5 times a week for at least 30 minutes each time.
6. Combination of work and leisure
Don't stay up late, don't work too hard, no matter how busy you are, you must leave a little time for yourself, your relatives and your family, and learn to combine work and leisure step by step.
7. Keep a good mood
We must maintain the cheerfulness of the spirit and the sunshine of the mentality. With a good attitude, immune function is naturally good, and there will be fewer diseases.
Before each cancer occurs,
In fact, there are early warnings,
Just see if you pay attention to it or not!
References for this article:
(1) 2020-06-02 Qianjiang Evening News "A guy who has just been married for a year has advanced liver cancer, the doctor sighs: recently admitted three cases of post-90s"
(2) 2011-08-01 Health Times "Tumor formation takes at least 10 years"
(3) 2019-05-24 Health Times WeChat "Before cancer comes, you will experience "precancerous lesions"! Unfortunately, many people do not pay attention to it! 》
(4) 2019-01-14 Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences "[Expert Interview] Dr. Zhang Kai: Cancer prevention physical examination do not need to be ignorant, here is a quick guide"
(5)2019-06-17 Nanjing Morning Post "Infection with HPV does not necessarily lead to cervical cancer"
(6) 2019-11-09 The First Hospital of Zhejiang University "Before cancer comes, you will experience "precancerous lesions"! Unfortunately, many people do not pay attention to...
(7) 2019-11-15 Guangzhou Daily "What to do if you find a small lung nodule?" Experts: one look at the shape, two look at the "family lineage", three look at the trajectory"
This article is edited by Nan Wang
Review Director: Yang Xiaoming