For every mango grower, the post-harvest management of hanging fruit trees is an important knowledge that must be understood. Because of the lack of technology, growers, especially novice planters, often encounter problems such as weak growth, few flowers and small germination of mango trees because of poor post-harvest management, which eventually leads to low fruit yield and low quality.
After the fruit picking is over, whether it is a loss or a gain of fruit friends, do not be stingy with investment, and actively do a good job in the post-harvest management work. Next, Tiantian Xuenong will introduce in detail from the following aspects:
First, the pruning of fruit trees after mango harvesting
Second, how to fertilize the harvested mango trees?
Third, after the mango harvest, the control of pests and diseases cannot be relaxed
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >, mango harvesting of fruit trees</h1>
After the mango is harvested, it should be pruned in time. The purpose is to promote the germination of new slights, set a little in time, and reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption. The pruning method is generally to remove over-dense branches, cross branches, drooping branches, diseased and insect branches, thin and weak branches, short pruning fruiting branches, compression of the top of the long branches and strong branches, so that the canopy has good permeability. Here, we focus on the short pruning of the fruiting branches, because if the fruiting branches are not properly pruned, it may not be able to become a flower next year, so we must master the pruning method.
Many fruit grower friends ask, the resulting branch should be cut to the top of the last section or where? In fact, it should be cut down in the resulting part of the hanging fruit branch back to the place where it is returned, that is, the section is retracted. Because the fruit of the branch has already grown two branches, if you only cut the section of the hanging fruit, two more batches of branches will grow at the shear, it is too long, and after hanging the fruit, it will touch the ground, so you must cut back a section.
When trimming, there is a principle to remember that "the upper is weak, the lower is large". Why do you need to leave weak branches on it? Because the upper branches have a top advantage, photosynthesis is strong, and it is easy to grow into large upright branches. If there are large branches left, it will grow straight up, and eventually form a large head branch and a vegetative branch, which is difficult to flower. The large branches in the lower part of the canopy are because it is not too big because of the problem of less light, so that the thickness after it grows out can catch up with the branches above, and the size of the branches of the entire canopy is more balanced, it is easy to become flowers, and it is easy to hang fruit. After we have cut it, we must ensure that the branches of the entire canopy are the same size, and the buds it grows are the same size in order to bloom normally.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >2. How to fertilize the harvested mango trees? </h1>
Let's talk about fertilization, where is fertilization applied? It should be dripped 50 cm in the tree tray so that it can be applied exactly to the root system of the fruit tree. Fertilization is generally a hole application, the pit should be dug to more than 20 cm deep, the length should be about 1 meter. Dig a pit on one side, but don't dig on the same side for two consecutive years. So how much to give? In general, if you can hang more than 100 pounds of fruit, you should give 10 to 15 pounds of organic fertilizer, and then add 3 pounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 20-15-15 compound fertilizer. Why use it this way? Because to promote its long shoots, and to ensure that its grown shoots can accumulate enough nutrients, when the long shoots must grow 1 to 2 knots, sufficient nutrients, next year can be smoothly fruited.
This fertilization is done after the mango is finished pruning, so the fruit friends must be pruned before the end of August. Because the mango tree grows its first shoot around mid-September and its second shoot in late October. Fertilize at the end of August and the beginning of September to maximize the guarantee of next year's hanging fruit branches.
After this fertilization is applied, it is necessary to observe the entire orchard, if there are individual fruit trees that are very weak and the leaves appear yellow, it means that it has more fruits, nutrient consumption, and nutrition cannot keep up after fertilization. Then it is necessary to supplement the second fat appropriately. If the fruit tree is too weak and you do not replenish the fertilizer in time, its fruit hanging situation next year will be very unobjective. But if there are fruit leaves that are already very green and healthy, you fertilize it, it will lead to excessive nutrition, and it will be difficult to flower in the next year. Therefore, the second time to observe the tree potential to supplement fertilization.
The amount of the second fertilization is generally 1 to 2 kg of compound fertilizer, and organic fertilizer is no longer applied. The location of fertilization is also 50 cm in the drip line of the tree tray.
If you do not pay attention to the application of these two fertilizers after harvesting, even if we find that the tree is too weak to apply it later, it is too late to re-apply, which also has a great impact on the fruit set rate. Therefore, we must hurry up in August and September to fertilize these two times.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > third, after the mango harvest, pest control can not be relaxed</h1>
After the harvest, it soon reaches the autumn shoot growth period and flower bud differentiation period of mango. At this time, the key control objects of diseases and insect pests include bacterial black spot disease, anthrax, soot disease, leaf cutting weevil, transverse tail moth, mites, mites and so on.
Prevention and control of diseases: 1.5% polyoxymycin, 5% mycotoxicity, 45% imidamine, 75% manganese zinc, 1: 1: 100 Bordeaux liquid, etc., in the early stage of autumn shoot extraction, once every 10 days, spray 2 to 3 times in a row to prevent anthrax; with 15% powder rust, 40% anti-virus gel suspension, 70% methyl tolbuzin, 0.3 to 0.4 pomedulite sulfur compound, once every 10 days, spray 1 to 2 times each to prevent powdery mildew.
Pest control: use 60% dimethoate, 20% cypermethrin, 2.5% cypermethrin, etc., spray once every 10 days, spray 2 times in a row to control the transverse tail moth; use 20% cypermethrin, 90% dimethoate + 40% Leguo, once every 10 days, spray 2 to 3 times in a row to control leaf-cutting weevils; use gram mites, 48% poison ticks and other control of mites; use 20% dimethylmethione, 5% thiazone, 20% fucaone and other control mites.
There is also a combination of post-harvest pruning to completely remove the disease residues of branches, leaves, fruits and other diseases on the tree and on the ground, and the trunk is coated with quicklime: copper sulfate: water = 10: 1: 30 lime slurry, and the whole garden is sprayed with 2 baumedo stone sulfur mixture, or 30% carbon oxychloride, or 1% Bordeaux liquid for protection. In experiments, we found that spraying 2 baumedulite sulfur compound also has a control effect on insects.
Before December, a whitening agent is formulated to brush the trunk and main branches to eliminate overwintering pests in the trunk and avoid or reduce jelly damage and sunburn. The whitening agent can be formulated with 2 kg of table salt, 25 kg of water, 10 to 12 kg of quicklime, 1 kg of stone sulfur compound stock solution, 1 two adhesives, and 3 two animal oils. When formulating, the quicklime is dissolved with water, then the animal oil is added and stirred sufficiently, and finally the stone sulfur compound, table salt and adhesive are added. The concentration of use should be applied to the trunk without pimples, without flowing down, and to be able to stick to a thin layer.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > summary</h1>
Strengthen the scientific management of mango after harvest, and lay a solid foundation for the abundant and stable production of mangoes in the coming year. We should combine the actual production and strengthen the post-harvest pruning, fertilization and pest control work to cultivate good fruiting mother branches and prepare for the abundant and stable production of mango trees next year.