Author: Zhou Yun
Yuan Tongli went to Nanjing to make comments on the photocopied printing of the Siku Quanshu and returned to Beiping on August 3. He specifically talked with reporters: "In order to implement this academic proposition, the library has specially printed the "Photocopy of the Four Libraries of the Complete Book of Rare Biographies", which has been sent to academic institutions and bibliophiles at home and abroad for comments.
On June 6, 1933, the Executive Yuan of the National Government in Nanjing passed the case of photocopying the unpublished rare copies of the Siku Quanshu proposed by the Ministry of Education ("Photocopying the Sikuhan Biography Is Indeed an Important Contribution to Culture Yuan Tongli Arrived in Beijing Last Night", North China Daily, June 25, 1933). On June 22, Tianjin's Ta Kung Pao published the news that the Commercial Press had undertaken to photocopy the Siku Quanshu (the first third edition of the first one on June 22, 1933), and the Tianjin Guowen Weekly reported: "This time north China is restless, and the Beiping literature has been transported to the south, and the Wenyuange Siku Quanshu is also among them." Therefore, there is a proposal to photocopy an unpublished rare copy. This undertaking was approved by the Executive Yuan, and Jiang Fuxuan, director of the Preparatory Department of the Central Library, was sent by the Ministry of Education to Shanghai to sign a formal contract with the Commercial Press. The contract was signed on June 17. ("A Review of Major Events at Home and Abroad in a Week", "Photocopy of Rare Books of the Four Libraries", Tianjin Guowen Weekly, Vol. 10, No. 26, July 3, 1933)
Yuan Tongli, then deputy director of the Beiping Library, had a lot of opinions on this matter, and he left Beiping for Nanjing on June 24 to present his views to the government. He said to reporters in a statement before leaving pingping: "The four kuhan transmissions, but more than three hundred species, the Song Yuanming people in the collection, accounting for two-thirds. Today, the photocopy is an urgent requirement of the academic community. ...... If these three hundred copies of the Four Libraries are all photocopied in the style of the Four Libraries, it is still inevitable that it will be a positive and unconscious method, covering the places where the Four Libraries have been tampered with by the guanchen, and in recent years, the secrets of the isolated books found are far better than those of the Four Libraries, and there are not a few. ...... It is urgent that this ancient copy be photocopied and circulated in order to preserve the ancient written catalogue. If we do not take advantage of this extremely important new discovery, but still follow the original of the Four Libraries, the bandits have the name of 'driving backwards', and especially those who have missed posterity, the so-called 'carved book and died'. Of the more than three hundred sikuhan manuscripts, except for some of which may be used in the siku ben, (Wenyuan or Wenjin, which has yet to be studied by experts, the rest of the editions shall be replaced by old engravings or banknotes, the oldest or most sufficient ones. After being studied by the same people in this museum, Li Muzhai (Sheng Duo), Fu Yuanshu (Zeng Xiang), Zhang Jusheng (Yuan Ji), Chen Yuansheng (Yuanji), Dong Zhijing (Kang), Zhou Shuhan (Jin), Zhang Yulou (Yun Liang), Zhang Shizhi (Yu), Lun Zheru (Ming), Xing Zanting (Shi Xiang), and all of them participated in the opinions in order to complete the opinions. Soon after, it was published in the library magazine of the main library. I have always advocated that the four inventory items and the four libraries be photocopied for unpopular books. This collection of books is centered on the Peking Library in Hainei. This spring, the French sinologist Bo Xihe also acknowledged the search for such literature as an important contribution to Chinese scholarship in recent years. If it can be photocopied and circulated, it is particularly important than the value of the four libraries. ("Yuan Tongli on Photocopying the Four Libraries of the Whole Book Yuan Tongli Went to Beijing Yesterday to Give Advice to the Authorities", Tianjin Ta Kung Pao, June 25, 1933, first fourth edition)
To this end, the Beiping Library specially printed the "Jingyin Siku Quanshu Rare Biography Proposed Catalogue" compiled by Yuan Tongli and Zhao Wanli, seeking the opinions of domestic scholars. In addition, the curator Cai Yuanpei and the deputy curator Yuan Tongli sent a letter to The Minister of Education Wang Shijie, proposing that "the four libraries of the whole book are not published in rare books", adding the name of "unpublished", "based on the old magazines of Song Yuanming or old banknotes collected by the museum in recent years, one by one comparison, the four libraries of the original tampering and destruction, and so on." In the present photocopy, where there are old engravings and old banknotes, it is better than the treasury that can be replaced, and it is advisable to use the original to preserve the original appearance of the ancient book." In his reply, Wang Shijie, minister of education, said: "Although more than 300 kinds of unpublished people are published in the Song and Yuan dynasties, although they are published in the Song and Yuan dynasties, there are few circulations, and some of them are the same unpublished, which are named Siku Quanshu Unpublished Rare Books." "And the four libraries of the collection, not the perfect book, but the board of wood to pursue the endless, the interview takes time, although the good book is there, begging is not easy." And the library and the periodical are printed together, the same as the ordinary series of books, I am afraid that it does not conform to the original meaning of the truth of the four stocks printed this time. Moreover, the four libraries determine their values to take, and it is difficult to unify different views and propositions, and if they are re-selected in the unpublished editions, they will not be elected unpublished and will forever be reduced to unpublished. And now it is not printed, and it is scattered. It is planned to organize a committee to review the catalogue and collect the proposals of the parties to determine the selection. At present, because the printing of the four libraries of the whole book has not been published, it has become a decision, and it has not been changed, and the printing of the four libraries of the base book is also an important example, may wish to parallel. He also said, "Regarding the preparation and printing of the four libraries of the original copy, can you ask the Beiping Library to serve" ["Supplement: Two Articles on photocopying the Four Libraries of the Whole Book": "I am aware that Yuan Shi and Cai Yuanpei jointly submitted to the Ministry of Education to state their opinions, but the Ministry of Education seems to have failed to adopt it." Therefore, whether the Peking Library still seems to join the cooperation has also become a problem. The two clans of Cai Yuan and the Ministry of Education have been recorded in two texts. Tianjin Guowen Weekly, Vol. 10, No. 32 (August 14, 1933). "The Director and Deputy Director of the Beiping Library submitted to the Ministry of Education " ( July 5, 222 ) " Fu Cai Yuan Erjun Letter of the Minister of Education " ( July 19, 222 ) , Tianjin "Ta Kung Pao" August 14, 1933 "Literary Supplement" No. 293)]. Obviously, the Ministry of Education did not accept the Beiping Library's proposal to "replace the library with a rare book".
Yuan Tongli went to Nanjing to contribute his opinions and returned to Beiping on August 3. He specifically talked with reporters: "In order to implement this academic proposition, the library has specially printed the "Photocopy of the Four Libraries of the Complete Book of Rare Biographies", which has been sent to academic institutions and bibliophiles at home and abroad for comments. When I was in Shanghai, I jointly submitted a petition to the Ministry of Education with Mr. Cai Xiaomin, and scholars who were proficient in the catalogue version in Shanghai, such as Dong Kang, Zhang Yuanji, Xu Naichang, Liu Hanyi, Ye Gongqiu, and Mao Guangsheng, all praised this proposition, and Ye Junjun drafted a joint letter to the Ministry of Education to contribute the same opinion. ("Photocopy of the Four Libraries of the Whole Book" yan Ding to take the "Selection and Printing of the Four Libraries complete book" by collecting the effects of Si Guangyi Cai Yuanpei Yuan Tongli to the Ministry of Education", North China Daily, August 4, 1933, seventh edition) On August 14, the Tianjin "Ta Kung Pao" also published in the "Literary Supplement" the "Discussion on the Selection and Printing of the Four Libraries of the Four Libraries" co-written by Yuan Tongli and Xiang Da, as well as Wang Chongmin's "On the Selection and Printing of the Four Libraries of the Ministry of Education" (Yuan Tongli and Xiang Da, this article was also published in the Beiping Morning Post, August 14, 1933, the twelfth edition of the "Beichen Academy" On August 15, this edition also published articles written by Xie Guozhen, Li Yihua, Liu Jie, Tan Qijun, Hu Mingsheng and others on the same topic; on August 19, Wang Yong's "The Value and Photocopy of the Four Libraries of the Whole Book" was published; and the Beiping Morning Post also set aside the "Beichen Academy" on August 21 and 22, 1933 as a "special issue for discussing the selection and printing of the Four Libraries".
On August 11, 1933, twenty-five scholars attended by Chen Yinke sent a letter to Minister of Education Wang Shijie, putting forward their opinions on photocopying the entire book of the Four Libraries:
Mr. Snowboat Minister Dajian: Recent newspapers have reported that most of the proposals have been prepared to print the "Four Libraries of Complete Books unpublished Rare Books", and work will begin. Promote culture, promote scholarship, and have no admiration. However, this matter is too big to be established by the intention of one or two people, and there are two things, and I do not dare to moell, I would like to do so for Mr. Chen Zhi, the opinion of the dragon, or there is a supplement in case, fortunately.
(1) The Four Libraries of the Whole Book have other books available as alternatives shall adopt other books. When the examination of the fourth library was written, the curator arbitrarily tampered with it, and there were indecent tamers who hated its contents, such as the deletion of the Zhou Nanshan Fang collection zhou fu yin zhai, and the deletion of the lead knife article. There are evil words for those who are taboo, such as Huang Zongxi's "Ming Wen Hai", and the works of the Ming people who make the Imperial Insult, and delete them more. It can be seen by comparing the manuscript "Plaintext". Its authors are also examples. In addition, the essence of the Song and Yuan Dynasty humanities collections, for those who have lost books in the library, are not only thousands, but the number of volumes is increased upside down, and the publication of the preface is changed and cut, let alone whether it is done. Those who have been recorded in the fragments of the original book and the original book still exist in the heavens and the earth, and those who have been recorded in the original compilation and the compilation is not perfect. All of this, the bibliographer class can say. It seems that the opinions of public and private collectors and special famous artists at home and abroad should be widely solicited and strictly determined to take it. All the books that have no other substitute are compiled into a series A to distinguish them from other books. As for the other books, although there is no engraving in recent times, the old engravings of Song Yuanming, or the old banknotes, are a hundred times higher than the Kuben, or those who are self-produced by the Kuben are merged into the B part, and the books of the A part are each other's table and complement each other. Part A and B, drafted under the name Siku Cuizhen (or substituted for another name), and the purpose of the editorial reform is detailed in ordinary cases to clarify future generations. In this way, the two difficulties are combined.
If it is said that the book of part B is not a library, it seems that it does not need to be printed together with the A part to show uniformity. In fact, the book of the first edition, the use of the library, has no value to speak of, and now there is a supplement to the B part, so that the book of the first part will be added to the color, and scholars at home and abroad will rush to congratulate each other, so that the world and future generations will know the process of most of the preparation and printing of this book, and those who are not hasty will be comparable, will not be good. If it is said that the collection of books in B is not easy, the number of rare books is infinite, and the wu can be established? This is also a concern. Moreover, the study of Chinese versions of the catalogue is extremely popular today, and there is no shortage of people who are proficient in Sixue in China, and there are also people who have heard about it abroad. With regard to the compilation of investigations, special masters may be retained or entrusted to public and private libraries and central libraries, which are known for their collection of old and carved books, to be jointly responsible for handling them. Time is limited, things will be able to be accomplished, right and wrong, in this one move. This wish is for Mr. Ichiya.
(2) The name of the "unpublished" book of the Four Libraries, and the scope of the whole book should be reconsidered also. Looking up the entire book of the four libraries, according to the manuscript, there are not many people. That is, those compiled from the Yongle Canon or recorded from the codices, there were also mostly periodicals or engravings at that time. The first generation has been gone for a long time, and it has not been passed on. It would seem to be under the scrutiny of the compilation and printing hereby, if it is all in the name of "unpublished". It is better to take the recent compilation of the Beiping Library as the rare biography, and take the name of "rare transmission", which is more logical. If the cloud of "unpublished" is narrow rather than broad, then what generation will be the end of "unpublished" in the narrow sense. It is said that as of before the Ming Dynasty, how to explain it in the recently published Central Library compilation, there are also Mingren writings. It is said that as of the Ming and Qing dynasties, although the book was published in the Ming Dynasty, the Xihan that was handed down to the world was no less than the old engraving of the Song and Yuan dynasties. For example, books such as "Beihe Ji" and "Dianluo" have not been collected. Moreover, the works of the Song and Yuan dynasties collected in the central museum's proposed catalogue, such as the Shigu Analects of the Jingbu, the Four Books of Guan, the Taiping Zhizhi of the Shibu, the DajindeYunTu, the Boiling Wave Diagram, the Senior Political Highlights of the Sub-Department, the Collection of the Yuan, the Mountain House Collection, the Hondo Collection, etc., all have a single edition of the TongguangHou, or a series of books, why should they be included? It seems that this contradiction is fragmented and difficult to solve. It seems that the appointment of Tongru should be extended on the same day, considering the long term, otherwise it will only make outsiders cold. This wish is for Mr. Two also.
All the above examples are the top priorities of the moment, and the intention of Mr. Wu Xi and other academic instruments is to be offered by the fools. The younger brother is not sensitive, in the study of the book, roughly involved in the fence, he should do his best to make a big move, so as to achieve the end. The cultural future depends on the benefits. Jingbu District, Zhu Xi forgives. Specially, I would like to praise Daoqi. Li Shengduo, Chen Yuan, Gu Xieguang, Shen Shiyuan, Zhang Yunliang, Gu Jiegang, Zhu Qizhao, Xu Hongbao, Liu Fu, Ye Gongqiu, Ma Lian, Tang Zhong, Dong Kang, Mao Guangsheng, Chen Yinke, Fu Zengxiang, Ma Heng, Tao Xiang, Jiang Han, Xu Naichang, Zhao Zunyue, Zhu Xizu, Zhang Zhiming, Liu Chenggan, Shen Jianshi Tongqi. ["Photocopying the Four Libraries of the Whole Book academic circles against Ye Gongqiu and other suggestions to the Ministry of Education again", Tianjin Ta Kung Pao, August 16, 1933, the first fourth edition, the same day Beiping Morning News, Tianjin Yong Bao, and the 21st Guowen Weekly also had similar reports]
This letter of opinion from scholars from the north and south to Wang Shijie is obviously the initiator of the organization behind the Beiping Library. According to Yuan Tongli's conversation on August 3, the author was Ye Gongqiu, and then the Beiping Library contacted the scholars of the North and South to sign it. Gu Jiegang said in his diary: "In the newspaper, I saw that Dong Kang led the Ministry of Education to list the four libraries of the whole book, and there was no prior consultation and consent. (August 15, 1933, Gu Jiegang's Diary, vol. III, p. 78) It is unclear whether Chen Yinke also fell into such a situation. Regarding the photocopy of the Four Libraries, the Ministry of Education and the Peking Library have different opinions. Zhang Yuanji sent a letter to Yuan Tongli, Zhao Wanli, and others to discuss the matter, and the opinions were the same as those of the Ministry of Education, and Yuan Tongli also replied to the letter.
Zhang Yuanji said in the letter: "Shouhe (Yuan Tongli), Fei Yun (Zhao Wanli), Mr. Dajian: Respectful, yesterday I received Brother Fei Yun's eleventh handwritten letter, exhibited and recited it, photocopied the unpublished version of the Four Libraries, and the Second Princess Zhang intended to replace it with a rare book, and united with various academic groups in the north and south and scholars from all over the world, that is, Cao Had an official letter to suggest to the authorities of the Ministry of Education, which was very prosperous. However, the brother thinks that the two of them may wish to go hand in hand, rather than talking about each other. "As for the good ben instead of ku ben, he despises the theft and thinks that it is not necessary, and he is also unable to do anything about the situation." Rare books, especially difficult to beg, round-trip discussion, more delays. If it is, it is viewed as indefinite, and the good books are infinite. First get a clear version, thinking that it can be replaced, but there are few yuan books out, and there are song books out of the few. If you paint yourself with a clear book, it is contrary to the purpose, and if you must go on to seek the Yuan Ben, and even more to seek the Song Ben, then it will be viewed as more indefinite. The old brother secretly thought that the second duke's high view and the original intention of the ministry were divided into two benefits, and the two obstacles were combined. ["Supplement: Zhang Yuanji's Opinion on photocopying the Four Libraries of the Whole Book: Zhang Shifu Yuan Tongli et al. (July 13, 2002), Guowen Weekly, Vol. 10, No. 33 (August 21, 1933).] "Photocopy of the Four Libraries of the Whole Book Yuan Tongli Zhang Yuanji's Various Positions", Tianjin Ta Kung Pao, August 18, 1933, first fourth edition]
The Palace Museum also has a lot of opinions on this: "Photocopying the four libraries of the whole book, there is still a dispute between the Palace Museum and the Central Library." According to the Shanghai "Current Affairs News" on the ninth of this month, the Palace Museum Library Changjiang Hanshi's conversation cloud: "WenyuanGe Siku Quanshu, to the custody of the hospital, the spring with the first batch of antiquities transported to Shanghai, when the antiquities stranded in Pukou, the Ministry of Education once submitted this book to the Central Library for safekeeping, and then the relationship was very important, failed to achieve." Immediately, the Central Library, in the name of photocopying, attributed the copyright to the library. Without prior contact with the Court, a contract was concluded with the Commercial Press, and the Ministry of Education proposed that the Executive Yuan meeting approve the case. It is this photocopy motive that has become impure and not a simple academic question also. The Museum is a national cultural institution, and the photocopy of the books preserved by the Library shall be sponsored by the Hospital. However, in order to accommodate the facts and to seek redress, concessions may be made except for retention of title. The contract signed between the Central Library and the Commercial Press was amended and submitted to the Board of Directors of the Academy for resolution and adoption. ["Supplement: Jiang Han on photocopying the Four Libraries of the Whole Book", Guowen Weekly, Vol. 10, No. 33 (August 21, 1933), see also "The Photocopy of the Four Libraries of the Forbidden City Still Retains ownership, Jiang Han Talked About the Story of the Problem Yesterday", North China Daily, August 9, 1933]
On August 14, the Ministry of Education issued a letter of appointment, appointing Chen Yuan, Fu Zengxiang, Li Shengduo, Yuan Tongli, Xu Hongbao, Zhao Wanli, Zhang Yunliang, Zhang Yuanji, Dong Kang, Liu Chenggan, Xu Naichang, Fu Sinian, Gu Jiegang, Liu Yizheng, Zhang Zongxiang, Ye Gongqiu, Ma Heng, and 17 others to serve as members of the Committee for the Compilation of the Catalogue of Unpublished Rare Books of the Four Libraries ["Members of the Catalogue of Unpublished Rare Books of the Four Libraries", Tianjin Yong Bao, August 15, 1933, the first and second editions. "Supplement: Yuan Tongli Covered Zhang Yuanji's Book - For photocopying the whole book of the Four Libraries": The Committee for compiling and editing the catalogue has been organized. "Supplement: The Committee for the Cataloguing of Unpublished Rare Books of the Siku Quanshu", Guowen Weekly, Vol. 10, No. 34 (August 28, 1933)] Gu Jiegang was actually just a nominal member, according to his diary on September 9, 1933: "Tomorrow the Siku Quanshu Committee will meet, Shouhe will come and invite, and Yu will not be able to go. (Gu Jiegang's Diary, vol. 3, p. 86)
On August 20, the "Beiping Morning Post" published an editorial entitled "No Need to Photocopy the Siku Quanshu", arguing that the Siku Quanshu lacked the effect of application to modern scholarship, and advocated that "the selection and printing of excellent works should be published separately, not all of which should be photocopied, let alone sold in its entirety.". On August 21, Tianjin's Ta Kung Pao also published "Hope for the Preparation and Printing of Four Libraries of Rare Books", which mentioned that "dong kang li shengduo, a scholar from the north and south, and other scholars from the north and south twice wrote to Minister Wang of the Ministry of Education and contributed their opinions." On August 22, Tianjin Yishi Bao also published "On photocopying the unpublished rare books of the Four Libraries" (Guowen Weekly, Vol. 10, No. 34, August 28, 1933). The Beiping Library also published the "Photocopy of the Four Libraries Complete Book" on the fifth issue of the seventh volume of the library journal.
The owner of Leng Lu mentioned in the article "Commenting on the Compilation Department of the National Central Library", "The Preparatory Department of the National Central Library has compiled the "Photocopy of the Four Libraries of the Whole Book of Unpublished Materia Medica", and the selected history of the four subsets, a total of 343 kinds, all in several volumes. There are four examples in the front, followed by fifty-two types of 'Doubts Catalogue'. Unfortunately, the editors lacked common sense in the study of bibliography, and since the publication of the draft, Dong Zhijing had written a letter to the Ministry of Education by Mr. Ye Yuhu, Fu Yuan's uncle, and there had been strong refutations. (The text is followed by a date of writing: "22, 8, 26, Yu Beiping", Guowen Weekly, Vol. 10, No. 36, September 11, 1933) Dong Kang later wrote to the Ministry of Education and proposed specific improvements to the photocopy of the Siku Quanshu ("Supplement: Dong Kang's Opinion on photocopying the Siku Quanshu", Guowen Weekly, Vol. 10, No. 40, October 9, 1933). (Zhou Yun)