Fruit flies, also known as "needle bees", mainly harm melons, fruits and some vegetables, and are the "number one killer" of subtropical fruits in recent years.
Fruit fly can breed up to 8 generations a year, the main breeding method is that the female adult will be its tail needle into the subcutaneous flesh of the melon fruit, the egg is laid in it, the temperature is suitable only needs to take a few days to hatch into maggots, moths in the melon fruit, the affected melon fruit is only a local yellow or brown at the beginning of the sting, and gradually the whole melon fruit will rot and stink, resulting in the fall of the melon fruit; even if some of the slightly damaged fruit does not fall, the tail needle will also flow gum to form a fruit deformity, the melon peel is hard, the taste becomes bitter, It seriously affects the quality and yield of melons and fruits, resulting in economic losses.
In the past few years, due to superimposed reproduction, the harm of fruit flies in China, especially in the southern region, has increased year by year, and many summer and autumn melon fruits have been caused by a large number of yield reductions and even harvests due to neglectful timely prevention and control, and many places like Sanhua plum in the two Guangdong regions in the past two years have been particularly seriously harmed by fruit flies.
There are many effective ways to control fruit flies, and I will share several effective control methods below:
First of all, we must remove and concentrate the melons and fruits that have been found to be harmed by fruit flies in time, pour them into deep pits and sprinkle quicklime or insecticides and bury them deeply to reduce the source of insects.
Secondly, before the first generation of adult insect pests in the local fruit fly every year, for melon fields or orchards that were seriously harmed in the first year, high concentrations of permethrin insecticides were sprayed or sprayed on the soil to kill most of the sources of overwintering insects.
Bagging and protecting melon and fruit that can be manually bagged is also the best and safest way to prevent fruit fly hazards, but the cost is too high.
When a small number of fruit fly feathering is found to be harmful, use a special fruit fly lure bottle for plant protection, put a biological attractant specifically for inducing fruit flies in the bottle, and then hang it on the melon shed or fruit tree branch, the height is about 1.5 meters, and the distance of each lure bottle is about 10-15 meters, and the bottle can be changed once in 20 days.
We can also take advantage of the yellowing characteristics of fruit flies, and use the yellow fruit fly specially to stick fruit flies to hang the sticky board to the melon shed or fruit tree, the height and distance are the same as with the lure bottle, and when the stickiness is full, it can be replaced again.
The above is a biological control method, the chemical control method is suitable for large areas and fruit trees that cannot be artificially bagged, and the agents that can be selected are very effective in the following kinds of agents: 22% thiamethia. 1500-2000 times per chlorate fluoride, 8% perchloride. Kill 1500-2000 times, 20% chlorofluoride. Thiamethoxamine 2000 times, 23% high efficiency cypermethrin 3000 times + 5% avermectin 3500 times and other agents for foliar spraying, 15-20 days once, the effect is also very good. It is best to concentrate on the surrounding melon orchards for better control.
The above is some of the personal practical experience in the prevention and control of fruit flies, I hope to be helpful to the melon farmers and fruit farmers who have this problem, if you have a better control method, welcome to leave your comments; feel useful, you can pay attention to @ rural Li Xiaojie, I will also share more practical experience in rural agriculture!