When it comes to "cloning" technology, I believe that everyone is familiar with it, after all, there are knowledge points in textbooks on cloning. With cloning, some organisms can reproduce directly without going through the binding of hermaphroditic cells, producing offspring that look almost exactly like the parent who provided the genetic material.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > clone monkey</h1>
On November 27, 2017, the cloned monkey "Zhongzhong" was born, and on November 27, 2017, the cloned monkey "Huahua" was born. There have been many cloned animals before, such as cloned frogs, cats, pigs, horses, dogs, etc., but the birth of cloned monkeys "Zhongzhong" and "Huahua" has still attracted the attention of many people. Because this is the first primate born through somatic cloning technology since the birth of the world's first somatic clone sheep "Dolly" in 1996.
Although scientists successfully cloned monkeys in 2000, 107 monkey embryos were split into 368 monkey embryos that year, and finally a cloned monkey named "Tetra" was born after 157 days of embryo division. The "Zhongzhong" and "Huahua" born in 2018 are cloned with somatic cells of monkeys, and cloning with somatic cells of primates is a worldwide problem, which is more difficult than using embryonic cloning. Primates are the closest animals to humans, and since scientists have mastered the technique of cloning monkeys many years ago, why haven't they seen clones yet?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="5" > the fate of Dolly the cloned sheep</h1>
The cloned new individual is genetically identical to the somatic cell provider, which means that the new individual and the somatic cell provider can be seen as "twins" with age differences, and if we can clone the human being ourselves, then we can see a new individual whose genes are exactly the same as our own, isn't that great? But the actual situation may not be as good as expected, and the cloned new individual may have some flaws. If we look at the fate of dolly the cloned sheep, we may know.
Born on July 5, 1996, cloned sheep is the world's first sheep cloned from mature somatic cells (breast cells) that have differentiated, and was the first mammal successfully cloned at the beginning of the world. Since it is cloned directly from somatic cells, dolly the cloned sheep does not have a "father", but uses 3 "mothers", one of which provides it with genetic material, one "mother" provides it with egg cells, and one "mother" is responsible for surrogacy. Although there are 3 "mothers", the genetic material of the Dolly sheep is mainly derived from the ewe that provides it with genetic material, so it is almost exactly the same as this ewe.
The process of cloning Dolly sheep is roughly as follows: first remove breast cells from the mammary gland of a 6-year-old Finnish Dorset white-faced female sheep, let it stop dividing, and get donor cells; then take out the unfertilized egg cells from a Scottish black-faced female sheep and take out its nucleus to get a seedless recipient cell; finally use the method of electrical impulse to fuse the obtained donor cells and recipient cells to obtain embryonic cells, and transfer the embryonic cells to the uterus of another Scottish black-faced female sheep for further development. Finally Dolly The Sheep was born.
Born in 1996, dolly sheep already suffered from arthritis and some other common diseases of older sheep a few years later, and some diseases could not be treated, and finally the researchers had to "euthanize", it only lived for 6 years, while the average sheep lived up to 12 years. In other words, the lifespan of Dolly's sheep is only half that of ordinary sheep. The question is, the Finnish Dorset white-faced ewe was already 6 years old when she supplied dolly donor cells, so was dolly the cloned sheep born 6 or 0? Judging from its early death, it may have been 6 years old at birth, and it died after about 6 years of life, adding up to just 12 years old. Ian Wilmot, who leads the Cloning Dolly Science Group, said cloning may result in some cloned animals with serious defects or deformities, and some animals will die quickly.
Judging from the fate of dolly sheep, cloning technology may still have some flaws, and in such a case, to clone humans, the fate of new individuals may also be like dolly sheep. Of course, this is not the main reason, human cloning will also bring a series of ethical and moral problems, and the impact on human society is immeasurable. Although we can't clone people, with cloning technology, we can help some endangered species restore their population size, prevent them from disappearing from the earth, and even possibly bring some extinct species back to Earth.