#大蒜什么时间下种最好 #
Garlic harvest time in May-June (Huanghuai area), and the normal dormancy time is 3-4 months, which is also the reason why garlic does not germinate in the summer, and after the dormancy period, garlic is easier to germinate, which also explains that even in the cold winter, garlic without drug treatment can not stop germination.
Calculated according to the end of the dormancy period, the best time to grow garlic is in mid-to-late September or early and mid-October of the solar calendar every year.
Sowing too early, high temperature, slow garlic seedlings (above 30 ° C high temperature will inhibit germination, early August or early September high temperature weather, so it is not suitable for planting during this period), even if the climate is suitable for early emergence, due to the early consumption of too much water and nutrients, plant growth is too strong, after entering winter, it is more susceptible to frost, especially when the plant exceeds 5-6 leaves, frost damage is more serious.
Although the use of film mulching technology today can make garlic planting appropriate late sowing, but if the planting is too late, garlic seedlings are not growing vigorously before entering the overwintering period, it is difficult to resist the winter cold, once the formation of zombie seedlings and weak seedlings, the next year will not only affect the garlic yield, but also easy to form single-headed garlic.
Taking early moss garlic sowing as an example, open-air planting requires 300-350 pounds of garlic seeds per acre, taking the way of "dark onion and light garlic" for sowing, garlic sowing is too deep, which is not conducive to germination and the expansion of the bulbs in the later stage, but also can not be sown too shallow, too shallow root system is not developed, and the winter seedlings are weak and difficult to resist the cold, resulting in frost damage.
The so-called "two inches deep, one inch shallow, the safest between the two", that is, the most suitable depth for garlic planting is about 1.5 inches, about 5 centimeters.
It is particularly important to master the sowing period and sowing method of garlic, as well as the early prevention of pests and diseases, especially at the moment when labor costs are increasing, scientific planting of garlic is the fundamental premise of reducing investment and increasing efficiency.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > first, pest and disease prevention</h1>
To control garlic pests and diseases, many growers often neglect the most critical first step, that is, early prevention.
For example, the garlic field block with heavy stubble for many years, the disease and insect pests are heavy, before sowing garlic, it is recommended to apply 50% chloro bromide isocyanuric acid 2000 grams or 20% copper acetate 2000 grams per mu, with medium and trace element fertilizer (on the basis of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer) after sowing the land, take this way to prevent diseases, and have an excellent preventive effect on the dry tip caused by garlic Phytophthora mycorrhizal rot, bacterial soft rot, garlic due to insufficient nutrition or frost damage.
Moreover, these two pesticides are low-toxicity and low-residue products, which will not have a negative impact on the soil and garlic.
Garlic maggots are stubborn pests that threaten the growth of garlic, in the past, the use of highly toxic pesticide control methods has been outdated, and the effect of controlling garlic maggots is good, and there are many new drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity and low residue, the most typical of which is the formula of biphenylthiazoleamine, such as sprinkling 1% biphenylthiazinamine per acre before land preparation 4000-6000 grams, which has a good control effect on garlic maggots, and has a long-term effectiveness, and can also promote the growth of garlic and achieve the dual effect of increasing the yield of insects.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > two, the application of seeds is two-pronged</h1>
Although the above methods of prevention and control of garlic pests and diseases have remarkable effects, in order to ensure that there is no mistake, it is recommended that garlic growers should take a two-pronged approach in the prevention and control of pests and diseases, and on the basis of soil treatment, take the way of coating and mixing garlic seeds to strengthen prevention and control.
The advantages of taking the way of coating agent seed mixing are small dosage, labor saving time, flexible operation, strong pertinence, economical and long effectiveness.
If 27% thiamethoxazine + phenoxymethaclazole + lactocamide formula is taken, 300-350 kg of garlic seeds per mu can be used for 60-80 grams, diluted with a little water, sprayed evenly on the surface of garlic seeds with a sprayer, dried to sow.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > three, closed weeding</h1>
After garlic sowing, spraying closed herbicide is the key to solving the harm of weeds in the field of garlic, because garlic is planted in autumn, growing in the spring, field weeds are basically based on seeds of winter weeds, therefore, as long as the selection of closed weeding formula, coupled with a reasonable way of application, you can achieve the goal of no grass pest in the garlic field.
At present, the most used blocking herbicides in garlic farmers are dimethylpentanine + acetochloride + ethoxyfluorother formula, of which dimethylpentanil and ethoxyflurane are the core components of blocked herbicide, and acetochlor plays a synergistic role.
Soil moisture determines how well closed herbicides are effective, and if the soil is too low, it will reduce the closed weed control effect.
In terms of dosage, the garlic grown in the open field can be used 200 grams per mu (44%, 45%, 52%), the amount of filmed fields is slightly reduced, 150 grams can be used, and sufficient water is required when applying, that is, under the premise of the same amount of medicine, the soil moisture is small, it is recommended to spray 90 pounds of water, the soil moisture is normal, and the spraying of 60 pounds of water can ensure the use effect.