The surname distinguishes the family bloodline and represents the visible inheritance. Historically, central plains migrants have been scattered to Jiangxi due to wars, famines, coups and other reasons, and then migrated to the southwest, southeast or overseas. As a result, Jiangxi has become a transit station for the great migration of the Chinese nation and a distribution center for surname ethnic groups. Nanchang, of course, has become the first stop for the surname to enter Gan.
During the Great Migration, one surname flourished because the "Ancestor of Jiangnan I" settled in Nanchang, and became a famous and prestigious family of Guyuzhang, as well as a source of relocation in several neighboring provinces of Jiangxi. This surname is the Tu surname of one of the "Four Noble Families" in Jiangxi. According to the "County Wang Hundred Family Names" and "Surname Examination", Yuzhang County is the most well-known county with the Tu surname, and the Tu surname has inherited the "Yuzhang" hall name for generations.
So far, in the new district of Nanchang, there is also a Chinese Tu surname "the first village in the world".
Yuzhang Tu Clan Ancestral Hall
Yuzhang Tu Family Chronicle
Tu family tree
Set a precedent of "water as a surname"
Speaking of jiangxi surnames, in addition to the far-reaching influence of "Yimen Chen" and "Hualin Hu" in the whole country, the Tu surname of "Looking Out of Yuzhang" cannot be ignored.
Tu is a multi-ethnic, multi-origin ancient surname group. According to historical records, the ancestor of the Tu surname was Zhi Xuwu. In 514 BC, the Qi and Yang tongue clans of the Jin state were destroyed by Liu Qing, and the Chinese army divided Wei Xianzi's fiefs into seven counties, and Wei Xianzi believed that Zhi Xuwu was the one who could not derelict his duties and could keep the family business among Qing's sons, so he promoted him to the post of Tu Shui Dafu.
Tushui originated from Liangyuan Town, Feidong County, Anhui Province, and was a first-class tributary of the left bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, mainly flowing through Chuzhou, Anhui and Nanjing Jiangbei, and was renamed chu river in the Tang Dynasty. Zhi Xuwu lived next to Tu Shui, so he set a precedent of "taking water as his surname". Its descendants are tu as a clan, not as Tu clan. Relying on the fertile land of the Tushui River Basin, the Tu clan soon became a local Sheng clan and migrated all over the country, especially in Jiangxi Province (formerly Yuzhang County, Nanchang in the Han Dynasty).
Yu Zhangcheng tu surname is the most well-known county Wang
"The tree of heaven will have its roots." The water of the mountains must have its source. As the "root" of Nanchang people, the surname culture inscribes the thousand-year-old connections and contexts of Nanchang. Behind the long migration and reproduction, the change of surname is a large history book of population migration and development. The rise and fall of a family is often the epitome of a nation's vast history. This is the case with the Tu surname.
According to the "Counties and Wangs" and "Surname Examination", there are two Tu surnames, one is Nanchang County, the other is Yuzhang County, both of which indicate that from the Wei and Jin Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Tu surname flourished for a long time in present-day Nanchang, Jiangxi. So, how did the Tu surname move out of Anhui and prosper in Yuzhang? According to Wang Jiongyao, a surname culture expert who was the president of the Provincial Genealogy Research Association, the population of Tu surname in Jiangxi is concentrated, and Yuzhang County is the most well-known county with Tu surname, which originated from Tu Qin, the new Wuhou In the early years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Tu Qin (Tu Qin), courtesy name Jingzu (敬祖), Yizi Wensi (字文思), was born in 246 AD (i.e., the eleventh year of the reign of Liu ChanYanxi, the lord of the Shu Han Dynasty) in Shouchun,Huainan, Anhui Province, and died in 337 AD (i.e., the third year of Sima Yanxiankang, Emperor Cheng of the Eastern Jin Dynasty), at the age of 91, and was buried in the southwest of Tufang Village, Xiushi Town, Fengcheng City, Jiangxi Province, that is, Hou Tomb Gang (whose burial site is still disputed).
Tu Qin's life deeds and family situation have not yet been recorded in the history of letters, and according to the genealogy of the Tu clan in various places, Tu Qin was born in the Han Dynasty, and in the year when he was nearly seventy years old (In July of the first year of the eastern Jin Dynasty Emperor Sima Rui Jianwu), he was awarded the title of New Wu Marquis (during the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xinwu County, which belonged to Yuzhang County, and the Fifth Dynasty Southern Tang Dynasty changed to Fengxin County, that is, fengxin County, Present-day Yichun City, Jiangxi Province).
Since Tu Qin was made the New Marquis of Wu, his family's descendants all crossed the river to settle in Yuzhang, where they multiplied and prospered. In particular, from the Southern Tang Dynasty Tu Shu (yì) (字希遠,号徐 zhai), the eighteenth grandson of the Duke of Qin, a native of the Southern Tang Dynasty, served as a lieutenant of Nanchang County, and wrote the Yu Zhangji. After that, the Tu surname gradually became a famous and prestigious family of Yuzhang, and Yuzhang became the most well-known county wang of the Tu surname, and Tu Qin was also revered by the Tu clan in the south as the "Ancestor of Jiangnan I".
The "Interpretation of the Family Name Genealogy" also records that Tu Qin, the Marquis of Wu of Jin, crossed the south of the river to Yu and was the ancestor of the Tu clan in the southeast.
China Tu surname "the world's first village"
According to Fan Mingfang, a member of the China Yuelian Society and president of the Fengxin County Poetry Society, he is descended from the surname of Yuzhangtu and mainly lives in various townships around Nanchang County, Xinjian District, Jinxian County, Anyi County, Fengxin County and Fengcheng City. Among them, almost all townships in Nanchang County have natural villages inhabited by tu surnames.
According to the "Chronicle of Nanchang County" during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, there were 101 natural villages inhabited by the Tu family in Nanchang County (excluding 9 places such as Wazi Lane, Chi Lane, Huagang, Taohuatang, Zhugu Lane, Tu Baofang, Tucheng Port, Tucheng City, and Tufu); there were 11 townships, towns and 23 natural villages where the Tu family lived in Xinjian County (now Xinjian District). Among them, more than 10,000 people with the Tu surname have migrated from the Tu family in Hengjiang, Lianwei Township, which can be called the "first village in the world" of the Tu surname in China. At the same time, Fengcheng City has 15 townships and towns inhabited by the Tu clan, and 39 natural villages. There are 42 Tu's natural villages in Gao'an County; fengxin county has 12 towns and 70 natural villages where Tu villages are concentrated.
In addition, the villages inhabited by the Tu clan in Jiangxi are distributed in Yongxiu, Duchang, Ruichang, Xiushui, Guixi, Yiyang, Guangfeng, Yugan, Linchuan and other counties (cities). As a settlement of the Tu surname Wang, Nanchang, in order to contact and communicate with each other, in the fourth year of the Qing Dynasty Tongzhi, the Nanchang people Tu Ding proposed to build a public ancestral hall in Nanchang City, named "Tu Clan Ancestral Hall", which is the "General Ancestral Hall" for the Tu Clan of Nanchang, located in the west of the Xihu District of Nanchang City, covering an area of about 300 to 500 square meters, which was once managed by special personnel.
During the three dynasties of the Song, Ming, and Qing dynasties, the provinces were moved
In the Three Dynasties of Song, Ming and Qing, the surname of Yuzhang Tu began to stand out in history, and celebrities appeared, such as Tu Yusheng and Tu Zhen. The Tu surname also shines throughout Jiangxi. Due to eunuchs, livelihood and other reasons, the Jiangxi Tu surname also gradually moved to the neighboring provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan and other provinces, with far-reaching influence.
According to the Yuzhang Tu Family Chronicle, the Tu surnames of Shou County, Lu'an City, Tongcheng City, Huoqiu County, Qianshan County and other places in Anhui Province were all transferred from Jiangxi during the Song Chunhua period (990 AD). The genealogy of the Tu surname (Nanchangtang) in Yinxian Town, Shou County, also records: "In the early Ming Dynasty, fengming duke moved from Tujiabu in Yongxiu County, Jiangxi Province. ”
In Fujian, the Tu surname originated in Changting County, and The Duke Zuliulang of Changting I was a descendant of the Great Duke of Yihuang County, Jiangxi. According to the "Yunnan Tongzhi", after the Ming Dynasty established the world with martial arts, it set up the Yunnan Command Department in the fourteenth year of Hongwu, leaving soldiers from Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Huguang, and Henan to stay behind. Among them, people surnamed Tu from Jiangxi settled in Yunnan with their families.
After the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Tu surname was more widely distributed, reaching Liaoji in the north, Liangguang in the south, Yungui in the southwest, and Fujian and Taiwan in the east, all of which had the figure of Tu surname living at home. "Today's Tu surnames are mostly in the three provinces of Guangdong, Jiangxi, and Hubei, and the Tu surnames in these three provinces account for about 80 percent of the population of the Han Tu surname in the country." Wang Jiongyao said.
Because Tu Qin is revered as the ancestor of the Tu clan in Jiangnan, the Tu clan in the whole world still inherits the "Yuzhang" hall name for generations. Whenever the Tu clan is mentioned, historians also believe that "taking water as the clan, looking out of Yu Zhang". (Text/Photo reporter Shi Peng)