Today, many people on Weibo forwarded the news of #Yangtze River white sturgeon complete extinction# and I also saw it, which is very sad, because this is a precious national first-class wild protected animal known as "giant panda in the water" by China, is the largest freshwater fish in China, is a species that has appeared in the Cretaceous Period, has been 100 million years (geological age calculation), it can be said that they have witnessed the growth of our human race, but also because of our human activities let them go to the road of extinction.
paddlefish
We humans pride ourselves on being intelligent and pay little attention to the feelings of other creatures, but nature is an organic whole, and although the lack of one or two is not obvious, and there will be other creatures gradually taking his place, but large-scale biological extinction will inevitably have consequences.
I don't want to go into a lengthy exhortation, but just list the names of domestically extinct animals and the world's extinct animals as a memorial.
Here are the animals that have gone extinct in China in recent years:
White-rumped langur Chinese Douc Langur (1893, China) White-rumped langur is also known as yellow-faced langur, Hainan langur, hairy-rumped langur and so on. It is found only on Hainan Island in China and has become extinct. It is distributed in Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia and other Southeast Asian countries.
Xinjiang Tiger Chinese Turkestan Tiger (1916, China) is one of the five subspecies of the Chinese tiger species. According to records, its specimens were originally obtained from near Lake Bosten. Populations are rapidly decreasing due to deforestation. The last time humans discovered the Xinjiang tiger was in 1916, and in the decades since, scientists have searched for them many times, but they have never been found. It can be said that Xinjiang tigers mainly end their final life course after humans destroy the natural environment.
Chinese rhino Chinese Rhino (1922, China) Rhinos in China were hunted for their horns due to their extreme value. In 1916, the last two-horned rhinoceros (Sumatran rhino) was killed; in 1920, the last large one-horned rhinoceros (Indian rhinoceros) was killed; in 1922, the last small one-horned rhinoceros (Javan rhino) was killed. In the last decade or so, less than 10 were killed. Since then, no one has been able to see any rhinoceros in China.
Przewalaski's Horse (1947, China) Xinjiang as the hometown of the Przewalski's wild horse, but also due to the continuous large-scale hunting of Russian, German, French and other countries of the expeditions, and the smuggling of 28 foals out of the country, coupled with a large number of domestic hunting, by the 1970s, the Xinjiang Przewalski's wild horse also basically disappeared.
The bald stork (1950s, China) collected specimens in Luanhekou, Fuzhou, and Lhasa, Tibet. There have been no wild reports since the 1950s, so it is concluded that extinction is possible in China. Now, only specimens are in the collections of the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Shanghai Museum of Natural History.
Guinea porcinus (c. 1960, China) In the 1950s and 1960s, the chinese dolphin deer was found in southwestern Yunnan (Gengma, Ximen) (acquired to horns and skins). In the Gengma area, it is estimated that there are more than 10 (Peng Hongzhi et al., 1962). Three years later, Yang Dehua et al. (1965) investigated and found only 4. By the time the survey was conducted in the late 1980s, the Gengma area was extinct. The Red Book of Endangered Animals in China declares the guinea deer extinct in China.
Saiga Antelope (1960s, China) Its antelope horn is a valuable herb in traditional Chinese medicine in China. Only male high-nosed antelope has this beautiful antelope horn, and China is one of the origin countries of the high-nosed antelope, mainly distributed in the northern region of Xinjiang in China. Due to habitat loss and excessive hunting, this rare medicinal wildlife became extinct in China in the 1940s.
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The Zhili Macaque (1980s, China) The Zhili macaque was once the northernmost primate in China, and a few were brought abroad in the last century, some of which were stocked in zoos in London, England and Paris, France, and lived until the beginning of this century, and their specimens are still preserved in the British Museum of Natural History. In addition, in the 20s and 30s of this century, the monkey sellers on the streets of northern towns in China were also involved in this macaque. But since then, it has hardly been seen again.
The distribution of the small-toothed civet (1980s, China) The distribution of the small-toothed civet in southern Yunnan is the northernmost limit of distribution in the Indochina Peninsula, and the population is very small. From the 1970s to the 1980s, in the Xishuangbanna region of southern Yunnan, the main habitat of the small-toothed civet was mostly reclaimed for rubber, which made the habitat disappear in a large area. And the species is not raised in the country, and it is estimated that it has become extinct.
Taiwan clouded leopard, Neofelis nebulosa brachyura (1983, Taiwan) Due to the large number of hunting and other reasons, the number of Taiwan clouded leopards is decreasing. In 1972, the last Taiwanese clouded leopard fell under the muzzle of a black hole for outlaws. Scholars believe that the Taiwan clouded leopard may have become extinct, and even if there is no extinction, it may be difficult to reproduce
The sickle-winged chicken (declared extinct in 2000, China) is only found in The Xiaoxing'an Mountains of Heilongjiang Province and the lower reaches of the Heilongjiang River in China, which is very rare. When the survey was conducted from 1986 to 1987, there was no trace of it. In 2000, Xinhua News Agency released the news that after five years of investigation by the Heilongjiang Animal Institute, no sickle-winged chicken was found, and the local people had not seen it for decades. According to the IUCN Red Book, a species that has not been seen in 50 years can be concluded to be extinct in the region.
Baiji, Lipotes vexillifer (2006, Yangtze River, China) estimates that the baiji dolphin is only distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from Jiangyin in Jiangsu to Jingsha, Hubei Province, which is about 1,400 km long. The construction of water conservancy projects on the Yangtze River, the development of fisheries, the development of shipping, and the pollution of water bodies caused by industrial construction along the yangtze river have directly or indirectly adversely affected the survival of the baiji dolphin, and it is estimated that it has become extinct.
Yunnan closed-shelled turtle, Cuora yunnanensis (Yunnan or Laos, China, with 2 live found in 2004 and 2005) is extremely rare. Only no. 6 full-scale specimens preserved in the British Museum and the Shanghai Museum of Natural History are known. With the exception of specimens collected in Kunming and Dongchuan in 1906 and 1946, no new reports have been made about the species in the past four decades.
Cynops wolterstorffi (1970s, China) lives in Dianchi, a freshwater lake on the Yunnan Plateau. It was extinct in the late 1970s. The main reasons for the extinction are "reclamation around the lake", the serious pollution of the lake water, the large-scale construction facilities, the serious reduction of aquatic organisms and the introduction of foreign species, so that their habitat, food and reproduction are seriously affected, resulting in the final extinction.
Cyprinus yilongensis (circa 1980s, Yilong Lake, Shiping County, Yunnan, China) Isopuni carp is endemic to China. Historically, it was a common species of Yilong Lake. In 1952 and 1971, the river was opened twice, causing the water level in the lake to drop by more than 4 meters, the water surface to be greatly reduced, the large area of shoals, gravel fields and bays on the shores of the lake dried up, and the fish habitat and breeding sites were seriously damaged. In 1979 and 1980, there were two consecutive years of drought, and by April 1981, there was a drought that had dried up the whole lake for more than 20 days, which was unprecedented in history, which wiped out the special fish of Allosaurus Lake.
Hyporhamphus taiwanensis (1969, Taiwan)
Rasborinus formosae (Taiwan) Is endemic to Taiwan and has been found in the rivers of the west. The body is elongated slightly taller and flattened on the sides. From the base of the ventral fin to the anus it has a distinct fleshy edge. The head is small and the kiss is short. The eyes are small, and the eye spacing is wide and slightly rounded and blunt. The mouth is slightly forward, obliquely lobed, and the end of the upper jaw extends just below the midpoint of the nostril. Estimated to be extinct.
Salanx acuticeps (circa 1920, Taiwan) The sharp-headed silverfish was originally published near Sun Moon Lake in Nantou County, Taiwan, but it was not found again after 1920. It is speculated that the origin of this species should be in the lower reaches of the western rivers and in the estuaries.
Yang's Feather Shark Myersina Yangii (Taiwan) Mr. Zheng Zhaoren officially published the Yang's Monkey Shark, which was later identified as the Yang's Hagoose Shark. Estimated extinction.
Macrognathus kobayashii (1970, Taiwan)
Black-tailed fluorescent Tianniu Ephies apicalis Kano (Taiwan)
Yamaho's nodule-tailed Tenniu Mischthistatus yamahoi (Taiwan) disappeared after being named in 1943.
worldwide:
In the 300 years from the 17th century to the end of the 20th century, more than 300 beautiful animals on earth have left us forever.
According to the World Red Book, 110 species and subspecies of mammals and 139 species and subspecies of birds disappeared from the earth in the 20th century. The world has 593 species of birds, more than 400 species of mammals, 209 species of amphibians and reptiles and more than 1,000 species of higher plants are endangered.
directory:
The dodo became extinct in 1681;
The great sea cow became extinct in 1768;
The moa became extinct around 1800;
The great auk became extinct in 1844;
The Antarctic wolf became extinct in 1875 (the canine family that lives in the southernmost part of the planet);
The American Maine sea ferret became extinct in 1880;
Jamaican hamsters became extinct in 1880 (regional extinction);
The spotted donkey became extinct in 1883;
The Australian rabbit was extinct in 1890;
The Queensland hairy-nosed wombat became regionally extinct in 1900;
The Christmas Island tiger rat became extinct in 1900;
The O.M. bullet rat became extinct in 1901;
The white-footed Australian forest rat became extinct in 1902;
The Southern California cat fox became extinct in 1903;
The possum became extinct in 1910;
The Eastern Possum became extinct in 1940;
The North American White Wolf (Newfoundland White Wolf) became extinct in 1911 (the only wolf with a pure white body);
The Carolina parakeet became extinct in 1918
The passenger pigeon (North American passenger pigeon) became extinct in 1914 (billions became extinct in less than a century);
The Kenai mountain wolf became extinct in 1915 (the largest wolf subspecies);
The Florida Black Wolf became extinct in 1917;
The New Mexico wolf became extinct in 1920;
The Barbary lion became extinct in 1922;
Chinese rhinoceros became extinct in 1922 (regional extinction);
The Australian porpoise possum became extinct in 1926;
The Australian flower kangaroo became extinct in 1927;
The Giant Rabbit Possum became extinct in 1930;
The New South Wales white kangaroo became extinct in 1930;
The Balinese tiger became extinct in 1937 (the smallest tiger subspecies);
The Indian Asian cheetah became extinct in 1948 (regional extinction);
The Cascade brown wolf became extinct in 1950;
The Mexican Grizzly Bear became extinct in 1964;
The Texas Red Wolf became extinct in 1970;
The Taiwan clouded leopard became extinct in 1983;
The Guatemalan partridge became extinct in 1987;
The Eurasian mink became extinct around 1997.
birds
Africa:
The Elephant Bird elephant bird became extinct in 1700
The Common Dodo Gouron became extinct in 1680
Rodriguer Solitaire became extinct between 1688 and 1715
Reunion Solitaire became extinct in 1700
The White Dodo White Dove became extinct in 1770
Madagascar Serpent Eagle Malagasy snake eagle became extinct in 1950
Commerson's Scops Owl Mauritius Horned Osprey became extinct in 1850
Rodrigaer Little Owl The Mauritian osprey became extinct in 1850
Mauritian Red Tail Mauritius Red Buzzard became extinct in 1680
Leguat's Rail Mauritian field chicken became extinct in 1700
The Broad-Billed Parrot became extinct in 1650
The Rodriguer Parrot was extinct in 1800
The Seychelles Parakeet Seychelles green parrot became extinct in 1881
Sao Thome Grosbeak São Toméraz was extinct in 1900
Painted Vulture Florida colored vultures became extinct in 1800
ReunionCrested Starling Reunion starling became extinct in 1868
The White ltascarcen Starling mascalin prackerel became extinct in 1840
Delalande'S Madagascar Concal Delac was extinct in 1930
Asia:
Columba Jouyi Silver Spot Black Pigeon 1936
Arabian Ostrich Arabian ostrich 1941
Forest Spotted Owlet Indian Spotted Forest Osprey 1914
Himalayan Mountain Quail Alpine Quail 1870
Ryudyu King Fisher Ryukyu Kingfisher 1887
Jerdon's Double Banded Courser double-collared Falcon 1900
Americas:
Passenger Pigeon 1914
Eskimo Curlew Eskimo Spoon Sandpiper 1970
Guadalupe Store Petrel Guadalupe Seabuckthorn 1911
Quelili limelight Kara Eagle 1900
Painted Vulture Florida Colored Vulture 1800
Burrowing Owl Burpy 1900
Carolina Parakeet Carolina Parrot 1914
Cuban Red Macaw tricolor 1765
Yellow-Headed Macaw Yellow-headed Grebe 1765
Green & Yellow Macaw Green Yellow GooseBird 1842
Dominican Macaw Dominican GooseBird 1800
Labat's Conure Cone-tailed Parrot 1722
Puerto Rican Conure Puerto Rican cone-tailed parrot 1892
Martinique Amazon Martinique Green Parrot 1750
Guadeloupe Amazon Guadalupe Green Parrot 1750
Culebra lsland Amazon Culebra Green Parrot 1899
Kittlitis Rail 1850
Jamaican Wood Rail or Uniform Rajl Jamaican solid color buzzard 1881
Sand With Rail Hawaiian Sassy Pheasant 1944
Laysan Rail or Spottess Crake Hawaiian Green Finch 1900
Kioea sideburns sucking honeybird 1850
Great Amakihi Hawaiian Green Finch 1900
Alauwahios Hawaiian tube-tongued bird 1970
Akioloas long-billed jawed finch 1890
Temignathus Procerus Koh Oi Mantle Finch 1969
Nukupuns short-billed guide osprey finches 1890
Hawaiian Finches Hawaiian Island Finch
Laysan Millerbird Mill Reed Warbler 1894
Hawaiian Thrush Hawaiian Dark Plover 1920
Saint kitt's Puerto Rican Bullfinch Puerto Rican Grey Finch 1900
6uada Lupe Rufous-Sided Towhee Brown Flank? 1900
Guadahpe Wren Guadalupe Heterophyll 1892
West Lndian Wren West Indies Grebe 1971
Heath Hen New England Black Grouse 1932
Labrador Duck Labrador Duck 1875
American lvory-Billed Woodpecker Ivory Woodpecker 1951
Jamaican Pauraque Pala Nighthawk 1859
Quiscalus Palustris Mexican quasi-myna
Australia:
Moas 1500–1850
Turnagra Cepensis New Zealand Grebe Goose 1963
Dwarf Emu Emu 1850
Norfolk lsland Pigeon Norfolk Island Pigeon 1801
Laughting Owls Laughing Osprey 1900
Psephotus Pulcherrimus Parrot 1927
Macquarle lsland Parakeet Macquarie Island Parrot 1890
Modest Rail Little New Zealand Buzzard 1900
Dieffenbach's Rail Dumb Buzzard 1840
Chatham Lsland Fernbird Chatham Fern Warbler 1895
Stephen Lsland Wren New Zealand Heterophyll 1894
Macquarie lsland Rail Wheat Island Spotted Buzzard 1880
Porphyrio Albus New Britain Purple Water Chicken 1834
New Zealand Bush Wren Bush Wren 1965
New Zealand Quail New Zealand Quail 1868
Auckland lsland Merganser Yellow-billed Autumn Sand Duck 1910
Huia North Island Eared Crow 1907
Chatham Lsland Bellbird Chatham Honey Bird 1906
Chatham Swan Chatham Swan 1690
Zosterops Strenua Tasman embroidery eye 1918
Ocean & Island:
Bonin Wood Pigeon Ogasawara Hayashiban 1900
Choiseul Crested Pigeon Solomon Crown pigeon 1910
Tanna Dove Tana Island Dove 1800
Lord Howe Lsland Pigeon Lord Island Pigeon 1853
Great Auk Great Auk 1844
Steller's Spectacled Cormorant Bering Cormorant 1852
Bonin Night Keron Bonin Island Night Heron 1879
Tahitian Sandpiper Tahiti Sandsian 1800
Comoro Scops Owl Camorro Horned Osprey 1890
Mauritian Barn Owl Horse Island Barn 1700
Red-Fronted Parakeet Red-fronted Parrot of Howe Island, 1869
Black-Fornted Parakeet Tahitian black-headed parrot 1850
Nyctlcorax Megacephalus Large-headed Night Heron 1730
White Gallinule White Buzzard 1830
Wake lsland Rail Wake Island Buzzard 1945
Iwo Jima Rajl Ivody horse buzzard 1924
Fiji Barred-Wing Rail Spot-winged Buzzard 1965
Samoan Wood Rail Western Samoa Waterfowl 1873
Tahiti Rail Tahiti Buzzard 1900
Tristan Gallimmle or lsland Hen Tristan Black Water Chicken 1890
Lord Howe lsland Vinous? Einted Black Bird Lord Howe Island Crow (extinction date unknown)
Lord Howe Lsland Fly Catcher Howe Island Goose 1920
Lord Howe Lsland White Eye 1923
Lord Howe lsland Fantail 1924
Kitt Litz's Thrush Thrush 1828
Bonin lsland Grosbeak Kasahara wax-billed finch 1828
Bay Thrush Bay 1780
Tonga Tabu Tahiti Flycatcher Tonga Goose 1800
Long Lowe lsland Starling 1925
Mysterious Starllng Pacific Starling 1780
Fuica Newtoni Mascalin webbed chicken 1863
Ptilinopus Mercierii Red-Maned Dove 1922
Alectroenas Nitidissima 1830
Alectroenas Rodericana Rho Island Blue Dove 1670
Columba Versicoler variegated forest pigeon 1889
Cyanoramphus Ulietahus anti-polar green parrot 1774
Necropsittacus Rodericanus Carrion Parrot 1731
Aplonis Pelzelni Dark Starling 1935
Aplonis Corvina Cusayy Island Starling 1828
Fregilupus Varius Reunion Starling 1862
Europe:
The Bald Ibis (Waid Rapp) European Bald Cuckoo (extinction date unknown)
Mammals
Aurochs original cattle 1627
European Wild Horse (Tarpan) European Wild Horse 1877
Caucasian Bison (Wisent) Caucasian bison 1925
Portuguese Ibex Portugesa Goat 1892
Eastern Bison Eastern Bison 1825
Oregon Bison Oregon Bison 1850
Eastern Wapiti (Elk) Eastern Red Deer 1877
Greenland LTundra Reindeer Greenland reindeer 1950
Long-Eared Kit Fox (extinction date unknown)
Sea Mink Maine moray 1880
Mexican Silver Grizzly Mexican Grizzly 1964
Steller's Sea Cow 1768
Caribbean Monk Seal Caribbean Monk Seal 1952
Sewfoundland White Wolf Newfoundland White Wolf 1911 (the only wolf all white)
Trexas Grey Wolf Texas Gray Wolf 1920
Great Plains Lobo Wolf Western Gray Wolf 1926
Kenai Wolf 1915 (largest wolf subspecies)
Southern Rocky Mountain Wolf Southern Mountain Wolf 1915
Cascade Mountain Brown Wolf Cascade Brown Wolf 1950
Florida Black Wolf Florida Black Wolf 1917
Texas Red Wolf Texas Red Wolf 1970
Warraho or Antarctic Wolf Antarctic Wolf (Fukushima Jackal) 1875 (southernmost wolf)
Ecnomiohyla rabborum Leyber's striped-limbed rain frog (Panama tree frog) 2016
Blue-Buck Blue Oryx 1799 [1] [2]
Quagga spotted donkey 1883 (extinct in the wild in 1860, extinct in Amsterdam in 1883)
Burchell's Zebra White Zebra 1910
Bubal Hartebeest North African elk 1923
Cape Red Hartebeest Phi Red Elk 1940
Red Gazelle Angolan Red Oryx 1940
Atlas Bear Atlas Brown Bear 1870 (smallest brown bear subspecies, the only bear in Africa)
Cape Lion Cape Lion 1865 (largest lion subspecies)
Barbary Lion Barbary Lion 1922 (the only lion subspecies native to northern Africa)
Shamanu or Japanese Wolf Japanese Wolf 1905
Hokkaido wolf Hokkaido Wolf 1889
Indian Cheetah Indian Asian Cheetah 1948 (regional extinction)
Bali Tiger Balinese Tiger 1937 (smallest tiger subspecies)
Caspian Tiger Caspian Tiger 1980
Javan Tiger Java Tiger 1980
Chinese Turkestan Tiger Chinese Caspian Tiger (Xinjiang Tiger) 1979
Chinese Douc Langur Hainan white-rumped langur 1893 (regional extinction)
Taiwan Cloud Leopard Taiwan Clouded Leopard 1983
Chinese Rhino Chinese Rhino 1922 (regional extinction)
Schomburgk Deer Kumaji deer 1932
Syrian Wild Ass (0ngger) Syrian Wild Donkey 1930
Persian Fal'low Deer Persian ferret (extinction date unknown)
Oceania:
Thylacine Thylacine 1936