Brown Celestial Bull Nadezhdiella cantori Hope, genus Coleoptera, Celestial Bull family.
【Host】Citrus, yellow peel and other fruit trees.
【Pest-like】Adult eggs are mostly distributed in cracks, stumps crevices and depressions from trunk to 300 cm of branches. After hatching, the larvae first moth under the bark of the tree, and then moth into the xylem, excreting viscose feces, attaching to the orifice and falling on the branches and leaves and the ground. The xylem of the murdered tree is hollowed out, grows weakly, and eventually dies.
【Morphological characteristics】Adult insect body length 26 ~51 mm, width 10 ~ 14 mm; body black brown, shiny, covered with gray-yellow short villi; the top of the head to the center of the forehead has a deep groove, the back of the cephalothorax is slightly yellow-brown; the antennae basal tumor is raised, the male antennae exceed the body length of 1/2 to 2/3, the female antennae are slightly shorter; the anterior thorax dorsal plate except for one or two transverse ridges at the front and back ends, the remaining brain-like wrinkles, gray-yellow villi, each side has a thorny protrusion; the elytra are incised, the elytra are finely carved, the shoulder angle is raised, and the end is slightly obliquely cut. This species is similar to the peach brown tianniu adult, but the body color is darker and the body hair is grayish brown. Ovate ovate, yellowish brown, shell with reticulate. The larvae are 46 to 56 mm long, milky white, with a yellow-brown band in front of the dorsal plate of the forebreast, and the 2 segments in the center are longer and shorter on both sides. Pupae Naked pupae, about 40 mm long, pale yellow.
【Life Habits】Complete 1 generation in two years. Overwintering insects are adult, biennial larvae and current year larvae. The larvae that hatch before early July generally pupate from early August to early October of the following year, and feather into adults from early October to early November, wintering in the pupae. It occurs from late April to July of the third year, and the peak period is around June. The larvae hatched after August need to pass two winters, pupate in May to June of the third year, and feather the adult worms out after August. From May to July, the cave is sweltering and hot in the evening, and the hole is most abundant at 8 to 9 o'clock in the evening, and the adult insects crawl on the trunks of the trees and lay eggs. Eggs are laid in cracks, branches or wounds in the trunk more than 30 cm above the ground, with 1 egg and occasionally 2 eggs laid at each site. Hatching larvae, first in the egg shell under the bark of the horizontal moth, when moth into the cortex, there is a foamy colloid flow out, about 1 month into the xylem, the moth road is generally upward, if it encounters hard wood or old worm road, that is, change direction, resulting in a number of forks. The larvae mature and begin to pupate. Before pupaling, a calcareous substance is spat out to close the two ends and become a pupal chamber in which the pupa is pupated.
【Control method】(1) Artificial capture when adult insects appear at night. Around June, the spawning site and young larvae were found to be infested and scraped with a knife. (2) Protect a variety of parasitic natural enemies of brown tianniu, such as tianniu cocoon bee that parasitizes larvae and long-tailed wasp that parasitizes eggs. (3) Use a wire hook to clean the feces in the worm channel, stuff it into a cotton ball dipped in 80% dichlorvos emulsion, or inject the above liquid with a veterinary syringe, and then close the orifice to smoke and kill the larvae. (4) Use 20 parts of quicklime, 1 part of sulfur, 0.25 parts of dichlorvos, 0.5 parts of table salt, 0.1 parts of tung oil, add an appropriate amount of water to make a paste, and apply it to the wound and branches after flattening to prevent adults from laying eggs.