I believe that many friends plant grapes in addition to physiological diseases, pest harassment is also quite a headache, the impact of insect pests on grapes is also not lower than physiological diseases, today I will tell you about some small insect pests! dry! goods!
1. Phylloxera
The grape phylloxera is a devastating pest and an important quarantine target. Grape phylloxera, with nymphs overwintering on the main and lateral roots of grapes; in the spring of the following year, they undergo parthenogenesis after feeding, that is, laying eggs without mating, and breeding for 5-6 generations. After the root system of the grape is damaged, it grows nodules, initially yellow, and later browns and decays.
(1) Strengthen the quarantine of seedlings, and prohibit the procurement of seedlings from epidemic areas.
(2) Disinfection of seedlings and soil. Immerse the seedlings or cuttings in 30-40 °C water for 5-7 minutes, and then immerse them in hot water at 50-52 °C for 7 minutes, which can kill most pests. Injecting 36-72 grams of carbon disulfide per square meter of soil kills most phylloxera.
(3) Potent irrigation roots. In the area where it has occurred, 2000-3000 times permethrin, cypermethrin, enemy killing and other permethrin drugs can be used to irrigate roots in spring and autumn.
The grape phylloxera is a devastating pest and an important quarantine target. Grape phylloxera, in which nymphs overwinter on the main and lateral roots of grapes; in the spring of the following year, they reproduce parthenogenetically after feeding, that is, lay eggs without mating, and reproduce for 5-6 generations. After the root system of the grape is damaged, it grows nodules, initially yellow, and later browns and decays.
Rhizobia aphid
Second, grape tiger Tianniu
The grape tiger tianniu is mainly a mother branch of the annual fruit of the larvae, and the perennial branch is sometimes affected. In August, adults lay eggs on the branches, the larvae eat new shoots, and sometimes a fruiting mother branch has several larvae, which are mothed in sections, and the near nodes of the affected branches are easily broken and broken, or even die.
(1) Remove the affected branches during winter shearing and burn them centrally.
(2) In August, the adult egg stage is continuously sprayed with 80% dichlorvos emulsion 1000 times liquid 2-3 times, the egg worm kills 1500 times the liquid, and the insecticidal star 1000-1500 times liquid can kill some adult worms and reduce the amount of eggs.
Tiger Sky Bull
3. Grape two-star leafhopper
Two-star leafhoppers, also known as two-point floating dust, small raptors, etc., are mainly harmful to the leaves, and in severe cases, the grapes fall early, resulting in a decrease in yield. Adults are pale yellow in color and occur in 2 generations a year, overwintering in stone crevices and weeds near vineyards. In May of the following year, the vines spread their leaves to lay eggs on the plant. (1) In autumn, completely remove the leaves and weeds from the vineyard and lower the population base of the overwintering insects. (2) Timely heartbreaking, tying vines, processing of secondary shoots during the growth period, and improving the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the frame surface can reduce the harm. Adult spawning stage and nymph concentration are the pest stage; 40% Lego emulsion 2000 times liquid, or 75% octylthion emulsion 1500 times liquid, imidacloprid 3000-4000 times liquid, 4.5% high-efficiency cypermethrin 1500-2000 times liquid.
Two-star leafhopper
4. Thrips, green blind bugs
It mainly harms young fruits and young leaves and new shoots, and the spring is rainy and wet, which occurs early and heavy, and the trend of aggravation in recent years has been aggravated.
prevention and cure:
The combination of spraying fungicide and insecticide before and after flowering was carried out at the same time, and the drug was concentrated at about 5 pm
Recommended potions: Happy Broken or Bamboo Sword + Worm Timidity, etc.
<h1> Grape pest control throughout the year</h1>
1. Dormant period until before germination
Scrape off the old skin on the vine and destroy it centrally
Spray 3-5 degree stone sulfur compound to control various overwintering diseases and insect pests
Note: The ground, branches and frame materials should be sprayed
Second, germination to the leaf spreading period
The main control objects: black pox, white rot, anthrax and other overwintering pathogens, thrips, green blind bugs and other pests
Measures: Spray with Fengzhi or Carbendazim + Fumei Double + Le Broken or Bamboo Sword
3. Before flowering
Main prevention objects: black pox disease, spike axis brown blight and other diseases, thrips, green blind bugs
Use of the drug: zinc propion + pentazole + bamboo sword or happy broken.
If there is little rain, the disease in the previous year is light, and a single spray of propyrin zinc plus insecticide can be sprayed
Fourth, after the flowers fall
Main prevention objects: black pox disease, downy mildew, white rot and other diseases, thrips, green blind bugs
Prevention and control measures: Propylene zinc + bamboo sword or happy broken + insect timidity double spray control around 5 pm
Plaques were found treated with spraying with pentrazole
In order to prevent cracking fruit spraying, calcium fertilizer can be added
V. Expansion of young fruits (after flowering - before the rainy season)
The disease is mild in this period and is mainly based on prevention
If there is less rain in this period, it can be sprayed with carbendazim or methyltropine at intervals of 7 days, or about 15 days apart from Bordeaux liquid.
If there is a lot of rain during this period, choose proxen zinc protection and prevention, about 15 days apart.
Before bagging grapes, spray or dip the fruit spike with zinc propensin + pentrazole, and the fruit spike can be bagged after drying.
6. Sealing the ear to the color change period (rainy season)
Diseases such as white rot, brown spot disease, and downy mildew disease may occur in this stage
Before the rainy season, use propyrin zinc at intervals of about 15 days, and spray 2-3 times in a row for prevention
When brown spot disease and white rot disease first appeared, pentrazole was added to the treatment.
When downy mildew begins to show its spots, it is treated with Claire or Methammer.
Seven, coloring and sugar increase to maturity
Fruit diseases such as white rot and anthrax tend to occur more severely at this stage, and generally year downy mildew will also occur more severely
At this stage, the fruit is close to maturity, and a fungicide that is not contaminated with the fruit surface should be selected, and the use of wettable powder fungicide should be avoided
Measures: The best agents for the prevention and treatment of white rot and anthrax are imidaamide and pentazool + gothicone. However, imidadamide can only be used in the early stages of growth, and the use of later stages will make the fruit taste bad.
When downy mildew occurs, use Claire or Downy Mildew Hydrochloride Spray for control.
8. After fruit picking to before leaves fall
The focus of this period is on leaf conservation, and the main diseases are downy mildew and brown spot disease
The drugs used are mainly Bordeaux liquid and domestically produced manganese zinc
9. After the leaves fall
Timely remove fallen leaves, diseased branches and frozen fruits from the outside of the garden and deal with them centrally
After pruning, the whole plant, the shelf and the ground are sprayed with a 3-5 degree stone sulfur compound
<h1>Precautions for grape medication</h1>
The right medicine is determined according to the type of disease occurring
Prevention is the main thing to determine the spraying time according to the occurrence of diseases
Clarify the key points according to the characteristics of the disease to determine the key parts of the spray
Select high-quality pesticides during critical periods (before, after, coloring).
Preferential treatment of high-quality specialized pesticides, spray 2-3 times in a row, after the disease is controlled, then use low-priced qualified pesticides
Master the pharmacology such as: copper preparations have almost no anti-effect on white rot
Reasonable compounding Of protective agents and therapeutic agents
Rotate the drug Agents that are prone to drug resistance should not be used together
<h1>The whole process of grape disease medication technology</h1>
Before germination: Baume 3-5 degree stone sulfur compound
Before flowering: (1) Zinc propensin (2) Formebis + Methyl Tolbuzine
After flowering: Propyren zinc
Before bagging: Zinc propensin + pentazole after spraying fruit spikes
Young fruit stage:
Protective agents: propensin zinc, Fumei double, daisen zinc, etc
Therapeutic agents: pentrazole, methyltobuzin, carbendazim, downy mildew hydrochloride, enoylmorpholine and the like
After bagging: Fruit spike: Spray pentazolisol, once every 10 days.
Foliar: Spray general protective agent + therapeutic agent
After harvesting: copper preparations, Bordeaux liquid, zinc manganese