Author: Long Fang, Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province
Children: Mom, Mom please! Leave the kitten behind, it's so well-behaved!
Mom: No, it can infect Toxoplasmosis!
Kid: Uh huh...
In today's society, with the improvement of living standards, many families have begun to raise pets, of which cats and dogs are the most common family pets. With the improvement of health awareness, especially hearing that contact with pets will get toxoplasmosis, causing many people to give up keeping pets, in fact, it is not so terrible, the spread of this disease can be prevented and cut off.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="13" >What is Toxoplasma gondii?</h1>
Toxoplasma gondii was first found in the monocytes of Ctenodactylus gondii, and the whole process of development has five stages: trophoblasts (including tachyprixes and bradyles), capsiculates, schizonts, gametophytes and oocysts, which are named toxoplasmosis because the trophozoites resemble to bows or half moons.
1. Trophozoites are the main pathogenic forms. Die in 1% cresol soap solution or hydrochloric acid solution for 1 min.
2. The resistance of the bag is strong, but it is not resistant to drying and high temperature, and it dies in 10 minutes at 56 °C.
3. The oocyst is highly infectious, but it is sensitive to heat, dryness and ammonia, and heating can prevent the spread of the oocyst.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="13" > the type of human Toxoplasma gondii disease</h1>
Toxoplasma gondii infection
Toxoplasma gondii through the human digestive tract mucosa, damaged skin, placenta and other ways with blood or lymph fluid spread into the whole body nucleated cells, the formation of a capsule after the long-term parasitism of the central nervous system or rhabdomy muscle, the host immune function under normal circumstances, can not appear obvious clinical symptoms and signs, only toxoplasma etiology positive.
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasma gondii parasitizes the human body and invades the brain or organs such as the eyes, liver, heart, lungs, etc., destroys nucleated cells and causes corresponding clinical signs and symptoms, and is prone to disease when immunocompromised or defective, and is opportunistic zoonotic parasitic disease.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="13" > toxoplasma gondii infection route</h1>
There are two routes of infection, congenital and acquired:
1. Congenital infection is caused by vertical transmission of the fetus through the maternal placenta;
2. Acquired infection is caused by eating undercooked meat, eggs and milk foods containing Toxoplasma gondii. Pet cats and dogs go out to eat food infected by Toxoplasma go out or have cystic sygs contaminated with Toxoplasma gondii, and humans do not disinfect their pets and pet feces after contacting them and eating, resulting in infection. In addition, it can also be infected through damaged skin, respiratory tract, blood transfusion, eyes and other routes.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="13" how to prevent Toxoplasma gondii infections >? </h1>
Prevent pets from contracting Toxoplasma gondii
1. Pets are regularly injected with animal vaccines, regular deworming, regular physical examinations, regular bathing, regular hair trimming, etc.
2. Feed cooked or finished food and do not let them prey outside.
Prevents infection of toxoplasma gondii in humans
1, pay attention to dietary hygiene, low temperature (-13 °C) and high temperature (67 °C) can kill toxoplasma gondii in meat. Meat at home should be placed separately, food plates and knives should be classified according to raw and cooked, and meat should be cooked.
2. Hands, cutting boards, knives, etc. that have operated meat, as well as items that have touched raw meat, should be rinsed with soapy water and water. Vegetables should be thoroughly washed before consumption.
3. Try not to let children and pregnant women touch pets and their excrement, and quickly clean and disinfect after contact. Pregnant women should do a good job of pre-pregnancy and mid-pregnancy examination.
4. Wear gloves and masks when handling pet excrement, and then wash and disinfect your hands. Disinfect pet supplies regularly.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" Data-track="13" How is Toxoplasma gondii treated >? </h1>
There is currently no effective vaccine for toxoplasmosis, and chemotherapy is mostly used.
1. The typical drugs for the treatment of Toxoplasma gondii are pyrimethamine combined with sulfadiazine (PS), trimethoprim combined with sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Clindamycin, azithromycin, or clarithromycin may be taken when the sulfonamides are allergic.
2. Commonly used drugs for the treatment of Toxoplasma gondii are spiramycin and atovaquone.
3. The use of thymosin to strengthen immune function; adrenocortical hormones can be applied to toxoplasmosis and toxoplasmosis encephalitis to prevent and treat cerebral edema.
Pet zoonotic diseases, although complex and changeable, only occur sporadically, and pet owners do not have to worry about it. To buy pets in regular places, strengthen their own immunity, and pay attention to safety, hygiene and epidemic prevention.
Review expert: Hubei Provincial Third People's Hospital Deputy Director Pharmacist An Wei
The above is the original work of the volunteers of the "Drug Safety Cooperation Alliance", if you reprint, please indicate the author and source!
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