1. Country Profile
Nigeria, known as the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is located in southeastern West Africa, at the apex of the west coast of the Gulf of Guinea in Africa. Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, the largest economy in Africa, a major country in Africa's energy resources, and the largest oil producer and exporter in Africa. The political situation in Nigeria has remained basically stable, and social development has been generally stable since the introduction of democratically elected politics. It is worth mentioning that polygamy still exists in Nigeria.
<h1>Second, the basic introduction</h1>
<h1>1. National flag, national anthem, national emblem, national flower, national tree</h1>
Flag: The flag of Nigeria is horizontally rectangular in length to width ratio of 2 to 1. From left to right, it consists of three equal vertical rectangles of green, white, and green. Green symbolizes agriculture and white symbolizes peace and unity. Designed by a student, the flag was selected in the Nigerian National Flag Design Competition in 1959 and officially adopted as the flag on 1 October 1960, when Nigeria became independent.
National anthem: The name of the Nigerian national anthem is "Compatriots Rise Up, Answer the Call of Nigeria", which promotes the service of the motherland with love, strength and faith. The national anthem was introduced on October 1, 1960, and is still in use today.
National emblem: The national emblem of Nigeria was formulated in 1960, it is based on a white rippled "Y" letter on the black coat of arms as the central pattern, the letter "Y" vividly indicates the confluence of the Niger River and the Benue River in Nigeria; the pure black background color represents the fertile soil along the two rivers, which are the cradle of life of the Nigerian people; the white horses standing tall on both sides of the coat of arms are symbols of national dignity, and the red at the top condenses the strength of the nation. A yellow ribbon straddles the beautiful countryside at the lower end of the coat of arms, on which the Nigerian motto is written in English: "Unity and Loyalty".
National flower: The national flower of Nigeria is long-staple cotton, a kind of island cotton, which is a cultivated cotton species. Long-staple cotton has strong diffusion ability, its fabric is well silkened, and the dyeing effect is good.
<h1>2. Location, land area</h1>
Nigeria, located at latitude 06° 27 ' N, longitude 03 ° 24 ′ E, is in the southeast of West Africa, the apex of the western shore of the Gulf of Guinea in Africa, and its neighbors include Benin in the west, Niger in the north, a small border between Lake Chad and Chad in the northeast, Cameroon in the east and southeast, and the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean in the south. Nigeria has a land area of 923,800 square kilometers, a coastline of 800 kilometers, and a complex and diverse terrain in the country, with high terrain in the north and low in the south. The capital is Abuja, and the time difference is 7 hours later than in China.
<h1>3. Population (ethnicity</h1>).
As of 2014, Nigeria has a total population of 173 million and is currently expected to have a population of over 190 million, making it the most populous country in Africa. Nigeria's population is unevenly distributed, with large populations in the southern rainforest and northern steppe regions, especially in the southern coastal zone and delta region, which account for 20% of the country's land area, but gather nearly half of the country's population. The central region is relatively sparsely populated. The cities with more concentrated population distribution are Lagos, Kano, Ibadan and the capital Abuja. There are more than 250 ethnic groups in Nigeria, the three largest of which are the Hausa-Fulani in the north (29 per cent of the population), the Yoruba in the south-west (21 per cent) and the Igbo in the east (18 per cent).
<h1> 4. Language</h1>
Due to its colonial history, the official language of Nigeria is English, but most of the local ethnic groups have their own slang. The main ethnic languages include Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba. Of the population, 50 per cent are Muslims, 40 per cent Christian and 10 per cent others.
<h1> 5. Economy</h1>
In recent years, Nigeria's economy has developed steadily, and has exceeded the volume of 500 billion US dollars, surpassing South Africa to become the largest economy in Africa. At the same time, Nigeria is also the world's 26th largest economy, accounting for more than 3/4 of the total GDP of the Economic Community of West African States, and has a strong radiation force for other countries in West Africa and all of Africa, including Sudan, Libya, Algeria, Chad, Egypt and so on.
<h1>Third, cultural characteristics</h1>
<h1>1. History of Nigeria</h1>
The history of Nigeria dates back to 11,000 BC, when prehistoric humans lived here. From at least 4000 BC, herders on the savanna began to use stone tools and pottery, and subsequently entered the agricultural society. At the same time, the south also gradually changed from hunting and gathering to subsistence agriculture.
Many ancient African civilizations existed in the land of present-day Nigeria, one of which is the Nri Kingdom. In the eleventh century, Islam spread to Nigeria through the Hausa States. The Songhai Empire also occupied parts of Nigeria. Beginning in the 10th century, the Yorubas established the kingdoms of Iphi, Oyor, and Benin in the lower Niger. Around the 11th century, the Hausa people established seven castle kingdoms in the northern region of Ni, also known as the "Hausa Seven States."
From the 14th to the 16th centuries, the Songhai Empire ruled northern Nigeria. In the 16th century, the Songhai Empire reached its peak, extending its sphere of influence to the Senegal and Gambia rivers and annexing part of the Hausa region to the east. However, at this time, foreign powers began to emerge, with portuguese invasions in 1472 and British invasions in the mid-16th century. In 1591, an invasion of Moroccan troops caused the Songhai Empire to collapse, but the Moroccans were unable to control the entire empire and many city-states, including the Hausa city-state, and many places began to become independent. Subsequently, Nigeria began to gradually enter the colonial era.
Nigerian territory was occupied by British troops in 1851 and formally annexed in 1861. In 1901, Nigeria became a British Protectorate, and in 1947 the United Kingdom ratified a new Constitution of Nigeria, establishing the Federal Government. In 1954, the Federation of Nigeria gained internal autonomy. The declaration of independence on 1 October 1960 and the becoming a member of the Commonwealth also marked the end of Nigeria's colonial history.
Nigeria was first established as a republic in 1963, but was ruled by a military junta after the 1966 military coup. The separatist movement of 1967 formed the Republic of Bifra, which led to a three-year civil war in Nigeria. In 1979, a new Constitution was promulgated and Nigeria became a republic again. However, the republic also did not last long, and was overthrown four years later in a military coup led by Major General Buhari. Buhari was subsequently ousted. In August 1993, a new republic was established, but in November of the same year it was dissolved by General Abacha. Abacha died in 1998, and the following year, the Fourth Republic was established, marking the end of more than three decades of intermittent military rule.
<h1>2. National emblem</h1>
In Abuja, Nigeria's new capital, there is a landmark attraction – the Big Rock Mountain "Zuma Rock". This strange stone is so mysterious that it is called one of the "Seven Wonders of Africa". In a country where upstarts are upstarts because of oil, Zuma Rock attracts a large number of tourists every year. At the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, the "Zuma Stone" also became the symbol of the Nigeria Pavilion.
Another national symbol of Nigeria is their football, nicknamed the "African Eagle", they are one of the most stable countries in African football. More than 200 Nigerian professional footballers have played in countries around the world, including Europa League, Middle Eastern countries, Asia and the Americas. Since its debut at the 1994 World Cup in the United States, the African Eagles have broken through from the group three times. In 1996 they won the Olympic Games.
<h1>3. Celebrities</h1>
The Nigerian Volai-Soyinka, the first African to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, was born in 1934 to a family of school inspectors of the Abeo Kuta Yoruba ethnic group in western Nigeria. He was first educated at the University of Ibadan in Nigeria. In 1954, at the age of twenty, he entered the University of Leeds in the United Kingdom, specializing in English. Soyinka wrote more than 30 works in his lifetime, most of which satirized the socio-cultural ethos and social ills of Africa, and was the most famous playwright, poet, novelist and critic in Nigerian history.
Another Chinese is also well known in Nigeria because he became the chief of the country. He is Hu Jieguo, an ordinary Chinese, through his own efforts, integrated into the local society, recognized by the local people, society and government, he carried out various ventures in Nigeria, in 2001, was officially appointed by the Nigerian Grand Chief Emir to surround the local chief. The Chinese ambassador to Nigeria once said: "Hu Jieguo is as scarce as a panda, and it should be well protected." ”
In the minds of Nigerians, Admiral Obasanjo is a well-deserved hero, a former president of Nigeria, known as the "Eagle of Africa" and the "Saint of Democracy" of Africa. During his administration, he carried out democratic reforms to revitalize the country, advocated African integration diplomatically, and served as president of the Economic Community of West African States.
<h1>Fourth, scenic spots</h1>
Nigeria's most famous attraction is the Zuma Rock, a huge stand-alone rock located in the northern part of Abuja, Nigeria's Niger State. It is located right on the main road from Abuja to Kaduna and is sometimes referred to as the "Gateway to Abuja". It is also depicted on Nigerian 100 naira banknotes. Zuma Rock rises at 725 meters above sea level and is once rated as one of the Seven Wonders of Africa.
Lagos is one of the major Nigerian tourist attractions and a must-visit for many tourists. The sea in Lagos is blue and the sand is particularly crisp, making Lagos a great place for many white people to spend their holidays. It is the largest port city in Nigeria with a well-developed economy and very convenient transportation.
Chad Basin National Park is one of the more iconic places of tourist attractions in Nigeria. Chad Basin National Park is a national park and the largest park in Nigeria, with a wide variety of flora and fauna in this park, which opens the eyes of many visitors and lingers. The most representative animals here are: African elephants and giraffes.
<h1>5. National anecdotes</h1>
1. Nigeria: A country where witnesses need to be found
2. Nigerian tycoons and 5 wives died of intercourse because Xiao Liu was too favored
3. Nigerian 15-year-old boy and sheep OOXX, results...
4. Elderly Nigerians married 107 wives and gave birth to hundreds of children
5. Nigerian Bread Woman Captured Overnight Became a Professional Model
6. A rooster in Nigeria speaks Arabic before it is slaughtered
7. Chinese became a chief in Nigeria and had an army!
8. Unbelievable! Nigerian artists draw ultra-realistic portraits with a single pencil
9. Addictive painkillers are rampant in Nigeria, and many people say that they can't work without eating it
This article is the opinion of the author of PP Sports and does not represent the position of this platform.