National Grade I endangered species | Guangdong dendrobium with jade petals and green lips
Text: Mr. Hanaki
Dendrobium is one of the largest genera of orchids, with about 1,000 species (1,600 species) worldwide, mainly in tropical and subtropical Asia to Oceania. There are 74 species and 2 varieties distributed in China, which seem to be a small number, but it is an important parental source for hybridization and breeding of ornamental dendrobium in the world, the reason is that many dendrobium are unique and unique varieties in China, with gorgeous flowers, extraordinarily charming, and very ornamental.
China's dendrobium is distributed in the provinces south of Qinling, of which Yunnan is the most numerous, with about 40 species, followed by Guizhou and Guangdong, with about 28 species. Among the dendrobium species distributed in Guangdong, there are more than ten species endemic to China or only distributed in Guangdong. These dendrobiums have their own characteristics in naming, but there is a kind of dendrobium, although distributed in several provinces, but it is named after Guangdong Province, which is Guangdong Dendrobium, what is going on? Let's take a look at it.
First, the morphological distribution of Guangdong Dendrobium
Dendrobium wilsonii Rolfe, Orchidaceae, Dendrobium, Dendrobium, Dendrobium group (Dendrobium. Dendrobium) is a perennial epiphytic herb.
【Plant】 The stem is erect or oblique, thin cylindrical, usually 10-30 cm long, 4-6 mm thick, unbranched, with a few to most nodes, internodal length of 1.5-2.5 cm, dried yellowish with stained black. Leaf leathery, two columns, several pieces, alternately growing in the upper part of the stem, narrow oblong, 3-5 cm long, 6-12 mm wide, blunt at the apex and slightly unequal sides of the 2 lobes, with a sheath holding the stem at the base; the leaf sheath is leathery, stained black in old age, and the sheath mouth is often cup-shaped after drying.
【Flowers】 1-4 total inflorescences, emanating from the upper part of the old stem that has fallen leaves, with 1-2 flowers; the base of the inflorescence stalk is covered with 3-4 broad ovate membranous sheaths; the flower bracts are dry membranous, pale white, central or apex maroon, the apex is tapering; the peduncle and ovary are white, 2-3 cm long; the flowers are large, milky, sometimes with a reddish color, unfolding; the midcalyx is oblong lanceolate; the lateral sepals are triangular lanceolate, equal in length with the midcalyx, and the base is crooked and wider; the sepals are hemispherical;
The petals are nearly oval, 2.5–4 cm long and 1–1.5 cm wide, sharply pointed at the apex, with 5–6 main veins and many branches; the lip flaps are ovate lanceolate, slightly shorter and much wider than the sepals, 3 lobes or inconspicuously 3 lobes, basal wedge-shaped, with 1 callous calluse in the center; the lateral lobes are erect and semicircular; the median lobes are ovate, sharply pointed; the center of the lip disc has a yellow-green patch with dense short hairs; the inner surface of the pillar is often lilactic; the cap is nearly hemispherical, densely covered with fine papillae. Flowering takes place in May.
【Distribution】Guangdong Dendrobium is distributed in southeastern Fujian (Dehua), southwest-southwest to western Hubei (Xianfeng, Badong, Lichuan, Hefeng), northern Hunan (Sangzhi, Anhua, Shimen), southwest-to-north (Lechang, Yangshan, Xinyi), southern Guangxi to east (Jinxiu, Wuming), southern Sichuan (Emeishan, Leipo, Hongya), northwest to northeast guizhou (Xishui, Zunyi, Fanjingshan), southern Yunnan (Simao). It grows at altitudes of 1000–1300 m in montane broad-leaved forests on tree trunks or on rocks below the forest.
Second, the origin of the name of Guangdong dendrobium
Guangdong dendrobium was first named in 1906, was discovered and named by the British botanist Ernest Henry Wilson, Wilson we have introduced before, is the world's famous plant hunters, the beginning of the last century came to China many times to collect plant specimens and seeds, the number of 4700 species of plants and more than 65000 plant specimens, and Guangdong dendrobium is one of them, although there is no exact record, but the author guessed that it was found in Hubei region.
Wilson discovered it and named it D. Wilson. Wilsonii Rolfe, therefore should also be called Wilson Dendrobium, but at that time due to information occlusion, in 1933 botanists found this Dendrobium in Guangdong, considered to be a new species, so named after the place of discovery, Latin for D. Kwangtungense C. L. Tso, later found out after comparison that it was discovered and named by Wilson more than 20 years ago, but now Chinese botanists use Dendrobium guangdong as the Chinese name of the dendrobium, which is the origin of the name of Dendrobium in Guangdong.
Third, the appreciation of Guangdong dendrobium
Guangdong dendrobium plant is not tall, slender and straight, the leaves are verdant, the flowers are stretched generously, large and beautiful, the whole is white, sometimes slightly pink, like a white fairy, Ling Bo micro-steps, dancing, the yellow-green patch in the center of its lip flap is its obvious feature, verdant turquoise, under the white petal sepals, like jade embellishment, elegant posture, warm and lovely, with high ornamental value and horticultural value.
Fourth, the current situation of the protection of Dendrobium in Guangdong
Guangdong Dendrobium is a unique species of Dendrobium in China, although it is distributed in several provinces, but since its discovery in the last century, it has attracted the attention of horticulturalists, and it has been frequently indiscriminately mined, so that the wild population has dropped sharply. Coupled with the development of industrialization in recent years, the habitat of Guangdong Dendrobium has been seriously damaged, so it is now facing the situation of extinction in the wild.
According to the 2016 field survey, Guangdong dendrobium has only a relatively complete population in the wild, the situation is very unoptimistic, so in order to protect Guangdong dendrobium, in the latest edition of the "National Key Protected Wild Plants List (Second Batch)" (discussion draft), Guangdong Dendrobium was listed as a national Level I key protection. In the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN), Dendrobium officinale is rated as critically endangered (CR).
5. Summary
Guangdong dendrobium is a unique rare and precious dendrobium in China, in the past due to the lack of protection measures, so that the wild Guangdong dendrobium was excavated, the natural population is facing the extinction of the wild, now rarely see reports of the new discovery of the species, so it is hoped that the relevant departments can strengthen conservation measures and increase publicity, appropriately establish nature reserves in the distribution area, so as not to disappear from the field of Guangdong dendrobium.
2020-12-28 Easy to flower to get wood
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