Sprout chicory imported from Europe, is a second-year herb of the genus Chicory of the Asteraceae family, the edible part is the tender yellow oval bud ball germinated after the softening cultivation of the fleshy root, which is rich in nutrients, can be eaten raw cold mix or salad, can also be used as a hot pot ingredient or stir-fried, the taste is crisp and tender, slightly sweet and slightly bitter, because of the containing horse chestnut bark, wild lettuce ingredients, with choleretic choleretic, anti-alcohol and weight loss effect, is the best in the special dish. In addition, chicory in the wild lettuce has a repellent effect on pests, and rarely occurs during the growth period, which fully meets the quality requirements of pollution-free vegetables. According to the color of the bud bulb, chicory can be divided into light yellow and white species and red chicory species with red patterns on the leaf veins and leaf margins. According to the length of the dormant period of fleshy roots, it can be divided into two kinds that need to be treated by low temperature storage and those without dormancy, such as Zoom in the Netherlands and Shirakawa in Japan. Its cultivation is divided into two stages, one is the field cultivation stage of seed roots, and the other is the stage of softening and cultivating seeds into bud balls under dark conditions.
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > (1) root strains</h1>
(1) Sowing seedlings In the production, it is advisable to choose softened varieties that do not form balls in the open field, such as Corad, Macellis, Brazilian white chicory, Japan's Worm and Baihe, etc., and the sowing period should be about 110 days before the local first frost, and the planted fleshy roots have a sufficient growth period without the phenomenon of early extraction. Because most of the softened chicory seeds used in the current production are imported from abroad, the seed price is expensive, so the root plant cultivation generally adopts the method of seedling transplanting. Seeds can be spread evenly in the seedbed, and the amount of seeds per acre is about 30 grams. The seedlings are transplanted into a nutrient bowl before 2 true leaves, and the seedlings can be colonized when they have 3 to 4 true leaves. (2) Colonization and field management 5,000 kg of high-quality farm manure per mu. It adopts a small tall furrow of 80 cm wide, plants two rows per furrow, the plant spacing is about 20 cm, and the seedlings are about 8,000 plants per mu. The temperature is high in the early stage of colonization, so water once every 4 to 5 days to keep the ground dry and wet. During the vigorous growth period, the fertilizer was chased with water once, and 25 kg of ternary compound fertilizer was applied per mu. As the temperature decreases, gradually reduce the number of watering, and stop watering 15 days before the root plant is harvested. (3) Harvest and storage of root plants In late autumn and early winter, the plants are uprooted, individual plants are removed, and neatly stacked to dry for 1 to 2 days. After drying, cut the top leaf cluster at 5 cm from the root crown, taking care that the excised part should not be too large, so as not to damage the growth point. Then according to the size of the root grading, the code is placed in the cold storage or cellar storage, at a temperature of 0 ~ 5 ° C, can be stored for 3 to 5 months.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > (2) soil cultivation softening cultivation </h1>
(1) Softening facilities Softening cultivation can be carried out in places such as yangqi, greenhouses, cellars, etc., and can be placed indoors with high and deep flower pots, plastic barrels, wooden boxes and other utensils, or directly on the furrow block to dig a trench, the ditch width is 150 cm, the depth is 40 cm, the bottom of the ditch should be flat, and there should be enough fine soil in the middle of the ditch. (2) The length of the root is about 20 cm, and the yellow leaves and rotten leaves are removed before the stacking, and the excessively long parts of the root and the thin lateral roots are cut off. Place the arranged roots one by one close to each other in the ditch, and fill the gaps in the roots with fine soil to cover the upper petiole. After the roots are well planted, water through, and after the fine soil penetrates into the gaps of the roots with the water, the exposed petiole is covered with fine soil, fine sand, sawdust and other fillings. Do not wet the upper cover of the root plant, as this will cause decay due to too much moisture in the upper part. The upper part of the ditch is set up with wire or bamboo pieces, and the upper part is covered with paper quilts or other shading objects. (3) Temperature control The temperature of chicory softening cultivation should not be too high, otherwise the bud ball is not tightly held. Temperature control can be controlled as required in production. When the general temperature is 13 ~ 18 ° C, about 20 days to form a white leaf bulb; At 10 to 12 °C, it takes 30 to 40 days.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > (3) harvested </h1>
During the softening process, the growth of the buds is checked once a week, but the light time is short. If yellow shoots are found and the cover is slightly extended, it can be harvested. The high-quality chicory bud balls are spindle-shaped, milky yellow, thick and tight flesh, 12 to 15 cm long, about 6 cm in diameter at the thickest point, and weigh 100 to 150 grams per ball.