Text/Figure Frontiers of Aquatic Products Intern Editor Liu Chaofan
China Aquatic Channel original exclusive report, Australian freshwater lobster (hereinafter referred to as "Aolong") scientific name red crayfish, because of its male adult shrimp crayfish base has a bright red film layer on the outside of the base and named, in the 90s of the last century, Aolong from Taiwan to the mainland, at that time the mainland people for this species of understanding is still very small, where at that time did not cause much attention, to around 2010, South American white shrimp and Giant shrimp Roche were not easy to raise and germplasm degradation problems, In such a big environment, many farmers are seeking changes and seeking better breeds, and since then, Aolong with excellent disease resistance has entered China's aquaculture industry.
Recently, Aquatic Frontier had the honor to interview Liang Guofei, general manager of Zhuhai Hongze Aolong Aquatic Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Hongze Aquatic Products"), to exchange views on relevant issues in the Aolong seedling industry.
Liang Guofei, General Manager of Zhuhai Hongze Aolong Aquatic Products Technology Co., Ltd. (second from the left)
<b>Now that the price of seedlings is high, what is the future development of them? </b>
At present, the heat of Aolong is high, but its seedling price has also been high, liang Guofei also expressed the hope to reduce the price of Aolong seedlings, but at present it is difficult to achieve in the short term, operating a company in the early stage of research and development and investment will be regarded as a cost, so this is also one of the factors that the price of Aolong seedlings is relatively high, but in the past two years, many companies have begun to break through, I believe that in the next three or five years, the price of Aolong seedlings will be reduced.
"We hope that in the process of the fry falling, the farmers' sales expectation price for it should not be too high, so that when the end consumers go to taste, they can have a reasonable consumption space, rather than blindly pulling up at once, otherwise the result is that the demand for Aolong by end consumers will decline, and we hope that the Aolong industry can develop in a virtuous circle, and hope that all links can be profitable." Liang Guofei said.
<b>Choose the appropriate shrimp fry according to your own situation to avoid losses and take fewer detours</b>
Recently, the Aolong seed industry generally shows a problem of inconsistent seedling specifications, many farmers do not know how to choose the right shrimp fry for themselves, Liang Guofei answered this question: "For a certain scale of Aolong nursery, any size of shrimp fry can be marked, and it is not necessary to pass the screening, so when a farmer sees a fry farm can provide shrimp fry of different specifications, it means that this is a relatively mature fry farm, on the contrary, if the shrimp fry are uneven, This means that this seedling farm is still in a relatively preliminary stage."
As for how to choose different sizes of shrimp fry, this involves the farmer's own breeding management, breeding conditions and management level. Generally, the selection of small size shrimp fry is relatively high on the breeding technology and breeding environment requirements; for a person who has just entered the industry, and has a relatively large area of aquaculture water body, it will be better to choose large shrimp fry, because relatively small size shrimp fry will be more resistant to disease and adaptability.
Zhuhai Dashachang Hatchery Hatchery Hatchery (left) Newly hatched Australian lobster fry (right)
<b>The Aolong seed industry needs more benign development, and germplasm quality is the first priority</b>
"The Aolong industry has gone through the stage of starting from scratch, and what must be solved at present is from having to being excellent."
At present, the biggest problem in many small fry farms is the selection of shrimp, there is no formation of a correct concept of breeding, sometimes the choice of the mother may be individual defects or with viruses and other problems, so that the hatched shrimp fry although can reach the specifications of normal shrimp fry, but it is difficult to raise, so it is difficult for farmers to judge whether the parent mother shrimp has problems.
To form a concept of preventing inbreeding, regular replacement of seedlings, do some hybrid breeding, etc. are all ways to prevent inbreeding, otherwise it is easy to repeat the mistakes of Giant River Prawns, and the reason for the decline in germplasm quality of Giant River Prawns before is because too much inbreeding leads to the emergence of many "iron shrimp".
Only by selecting the shrimp well and making high-quality shrimp fry is the basis for the long-term development of the nursery, in the future or when the industry develops to a certain extent, it is necessary to need a scientific breeding system, family breeding, seed preservation, and gene selection can be guaranteed, which is the long-term development of Aolong.
Broodstock mother (second from left) Broodstock father (first from right)
High-quality mothers have a wide abdomen, and the amount of eggs or seedlings is higher (first from the left) High-quality fathers have strong and full claws, and the outer membrane layer of the claws is bright and shiny in color (the first from the right)
<b>Aolong needs a set of its own industrial chain</b>
Hongze Aquatic Products through several years of groping verification found that in the Aolong feeding South American white shrimp feed although the Aolong can grow up, but there will be a lot of waste, because the Aolong and the South American white shrimp is different, it does not have a high protein demand, it can even be said that the demand is very low, and the Aolong is more needed to obtain the nutrients required for the molting shell from some plants, in addition, the Aolong and the small stomach of the South American white shrimp are different, its relatively large stomach sac also needs more fiber to help digestion, Therefore, the current South American white shrimp feed is not suitable for Aolong, and the cost is also very high, and Aolong needs its own proprietary feed.
In terms of animal protection products, the early stage of Aolong needs the addition of vitamins, in the middle and late stages of breeding, it is necessary to improve the bottom quality of the breeding pond, and finally it involves the preservation of shrimp and pest control and other issues, in terms of animal protection, Aolong is more of an ecological breeding, aquatic weed management is also a very important focus of Aolong animal protection products.
<b>The improvement of category awareness and the popularity of crayfish have promoted the development of the Aolong industry</b>
From 2010 Aolong into the Chinese market, various enterprises continue to explore and study the living habits, incubation technology, cultivation mode, etc. After years of efforts, the industry personnel's cognition of this shrimp began to slowly improve, and the breeding model gradually stabilized; on this basis, affected by the increasingly hot consumption of crayfish, the Aolong industry has also been driven. The breakthrough of its breeding mode and incubation technology and the improvement of market demand have pushed up the attention of domestic consumers to Aolong, and more and more farmers are willing to try Aolong, so in the future, Aolong will continue to be hot.
Liang Guofei said: "Because the risk of instability in the cultivation of South American white shrimp is too large, so Aolong also brings more benefits to the transformed farmers, although the current price of Aolong is relatively high, but its income is stable, and because of the boost of crayfish, the price of the entire Aolong market is not low, and it will not be pulled down in the next few years, so there are still many transformed farmers who will be willing to continue to choose Aolong for breeding."
Modern Australian lobster hatcher (first left) Broodstock mating pond (first from right)
The cultivation of earthen ponds combined with the amount of aquaculture in modern facilities is more conducive to the improvement of the quality of Aolong seed