Mastiff
The English name of the Mastiff is Mastiff. Origin: England, it is a tall, burly, well-proportioned dog with a tight structure. It is a light-haired dog. The image given to people is solemn and noble. The males as a whole are very burly; the females are structurally solid.
Basic information
Chinese scientific name
Mastiff Mastiff
Latin scientific name
Mastiff
Nickname
Mastiff
Distribution area
United Kingdom, Egypt
somatotype
Oversized dogs
Aliases: Mastiff Mastiff, Mastiff
English name: Mastiff
Weight: (male) 79-86kg (female) 79-86kg
Size: (male) 76.2cm (female) 69.85cm
Country of Origin: United Kingdom
Breed History Origins: The Mastiff is one of the oldest dog breeds and was considered a treasure by the ancient Babylonians four thousand years ago. After the time of Caesar, it appeared in England. This dog has been shown to be able to perform fearsome guard and hunting duties. After World War II, the number in the United States declined, but now the situation has improved.
Habits: Combines the essence of solemnity and strength, brave and docile. Nobility over cheerfulness was Mastiff's correct demeanor.
Defects: Shyness or ferocity.
The English Mastiff, also known as the English Mastiff, or Bulldog, is one of the largest dogs in the world. The Mastiff was originally bred as a farm guard dog breed in England, and later developed into a variety of identities such as military dogs and fighting dogs. In addition to being a member of the military police community, today's Mastiff dog has a calm and generous personality and a very loyal personality to its owner, and is also a popular family dog breed. However, Mastiff dogs are large in size and strength, and are not suitable for children or minors to control, and should be trained by experienced people before breeding.
Tough mixed breed dogs
....... In ancient times, mastiffs were used as hunting grounds guard dogs to deal with poachers. But mastiffs are too large and too slow to be fully up to the task of hunting down prisoners. Therefore, people tried to mix small but fast bulldogs and mastiffs, referring to the proportion of mastiffs 60% and 40% bulldogs, and gave birth to the English Mastiff with both strength and speed, which can catch up with and catch intruders without biting or killing them, so it is competent for the job of hunting down criminals. Since then, the Mastiff has been known as the night watch dog of the gamekeeper, a working dog breed in the United States and the United Kingdom, and a practical dog breed in France.
Easy-going giant dog
....... The English Mastiff has a gentle personality and also likes to play with children, and emotions are easily revealed in their faces and movements. Because of its calm personality, he likes to walk and does not run around, and is one of the best dogs to travel with. Although the Mastiff has a certain vigilance against strangers, it is generally friendly. After training, it will be a good guard dog, but any enemy who wants to harm its owner or its owner's property will teach them a harsh lesson to achieve the effect of defending the homeland. It's just that this dog is only a little grumpy and stubborn in temperament, and its trainers need a certain amount of courage and self-confidence.
Bulldogs
....... The English Mastiff is fierce in appearance, large, agile and aggressive, and many Mastiffs have been trained as fighting dogs or hounds in the past. As early as the 11th century, there were British nobles who used the Mastiff to fight with bulls, so that the Mastiff was nicknamed the "English Bulldog". It is said that in the 17th century, there were records of Battles and Hunting of Animals such as Bears and Wolves in the Emastiff. Because of the appearance of the Mastiff dog is very personal, coupled with the bravery and fearlessness of the Mastiff dog in battle, it will face the enemy head-on, which is deeply loved by the British at that time. It was not until the prohibition of such sports in the 19th century that the Mastiff gave up its status as a fighting dog.
The English National Dog
....... The English Mastiff is derived from the word "masty", which means strong and powerful. They are all said to be physically capable of displaying great strength, endurance and flexibility, and they also give a solemn and noble image when standing. The breed has been documented since 1590 and is one of the oldest dog breeds. Legend has it that before 3000 AD, there were similar portraits in ancient Egypt, the dog breed was first introduced to Britain from Egypt with Persia, and it is also said that in 55 BC, Caesar used this dog to fight when he invaded Britain, thus bringing it into Britain. Although the Mastiff is described as very fierce, it is in fact more easy-going than other large dog breeds, so it is called "easy-going giant dog" along with the Great Dane.
Breeding method: viviparous
Calm, kind, faithful, and strictly trained by breeders. The dog is strongly aggressive, energetic, cheerful, and also has a calm, loyal, and emotional personality. The dog can be a very capable guard dog. There are varieties of different colors, such as red or mustard. Only those with white on the chest are recognized.
Historical origins
One of the oldest dog breeds, the Mastiff, formerly known as the "Warrior", is now juxtaposed with the Great Dane as the "Easy-going Giant Dog". Some are used as guard dogs and are currently used as emotional family dogs.
Before 3,000 AD, there were paintings in ancient Egypt that resembled mastiffs. This variety was introduced to England with Persian traders or invaders Anglo-Saxons. The Celtics have bred mastiffs. In 55 BC, Caesar used this dog for combat during his invasion of England. Later to the 17th century, mastiffs fought, hunting bears, wolves, fighting dogs or fighting bears. In the 19th century, when such competitions were banned, the popularity of mastiffs in Britain also declined. There are two systems for this breed, one breeding for the Duke of Devon in Chozvas and one for the County of Chol.
Overall appearance
Minimum height: 76cm for male dogs, 70cm for female dogs. Weight: 80-86kg. Defects: Males or females are below the minimum shoulder height. If the difference is too large, it is a serious defect. Proportions: rectangular, body length (distance from the front chest to the buttocks) is slightly larger than the shoulder height. The depth of the body provides more height than the length of the legs provides.
Constitution: Consists of large, heavy bones, and strong muscles. The deeper and wider the body, the better. Defects: lack of constitution, or body like a thick plate.
Head: The head is viewed from any angle, and the outline of the head gives a very burly image (the width is very important). The head is wide, slightly flat between the ears, the forehead is slightly curved, and when he pays attention to something, he shows wrinkles, which is his unique feature. The brow bone is moderately raised. The muscles in the frontal horns are clear and the cheeks are very strong. There are longitudinal wrinkles in the middle of the forehead. Extends backwards from between the eyes to the middle of the head.
Ears: Ears appear small compared to the head. V-shaped with a slightly rounded tip. The auricle is slightly thinner and very open, on either side of the top of the head, at the top of the extension line of the contour of the head. When he rests, his ears are pressed against his cheeks. The ear color is darker, the darker the better, which is consistent with the tone color.
Eyes: the position is more open, medium size, not too prominent. The expression is alert but gentle. The eye color is brown. The darker the color, the better. The transient membrane is not visible. Light-colored eyes or aggressive expressions are defective.
Nose: The nose mirror is wide and dark in color, the darker the better. The nostril contour is flattened (neither protruding nor turning upwards).
Chin: The muzzle is short and wide, and the width under the eyes is almost the same as the end of the nasal mirror. The apical elephant is truncated, that is, the blunt, obtuse, and the elephant are truncated into rectangles, forming a right-angled appearance of the front face. The depth from the nose mirror to the lower jaw is very deep, the jaw is wide, the end is slightly rounded, and the muzzle is dark in color, the darker the better. The length of the muzzle is half the length of the head (so the head is divided into three equal parts, one for the face and two for the head). Fully sagging lips, correcting the rectangular contour of the head.
Defects: The tone of the sandpiper.
Teeth: Canine teeth are strong, the distance is wider, and the jaw is strong. Bites and bites for scissor bites and, moderate protruding jaw bites and are not considered defects. When the lips are closed, the teeth should not be visible.
Limbs: The forelimbs are straight, strong and wide, with heavy bones. The hind limbs are far apart and viewed from behind, parallel to each other. Soles: large, round and compact, with rounded toes and black toenails.
Tail: Positioned appropriately in height to extend to the nodal joint or lower. The tail root is wide and the end is thin, hanging vertically when resting, and slightly curled upwards when moving, but never beyond the back.
Fur: The outer layer of the shawl is straight, coarse and slightly shorter in length. The underside is thick, short, and flat against the body. The coats on the abdomen, tail, and hind legs should not be too long to appear "bangs".
Defects: The coat is too long or wavy.
Coat color: camel, apricot, perhaps markings. The markings must be based on camel or apricot, completely covered by very dark stripes. The muzzle, ears, and nose mirror should be dark, the darker the better, and the orbit is a similar color and extends upward between the eyes. The appearance of small white fragments on the chest is permissible.
Defects: too much white or white appears in other parts of the body, and the mask, ears, and nose mirror lack pigment. pigment.
Breed standards
Brief introduction
The Mastiff is a tall, burly, well-proportioned dog with a tight structure. The image given to people is solemn and noble. The males as a whole are very burly; the females are structurally solid, and all sizes are proportionally smaller than the males, but cannot have any defects. Mastiffs should be evaluated with consideration for type quality and reasonable weight.
Size: Males have a minimum shoulder height of 30 inches; females have a minimum shoulder of a Mastiff
Height at 27.5 inches.
Defects: Males or females are below the minimum shoulder height. If the difference is too large, it is a serious defect.
Proportions: rectangular, body length (distance from the front chest to the buttocks) is slightly larger than the shoulder height. The depth of the body provides more height than the length of the legs provides.
Constitution: Consists of large, heavy bones, and strong muscles. The deeper and wider the body, the better.
Defects: lack of constitution, or body like a thick plate.
head
From any angle, the outline of the head gives a very burly image. Width is very important.
Eyes: the position is more open, medium size, not too prominent. The expression is alert but gentle. The eye color is brown. The darker the color, the better. The transient membrane is not visible. Light-colored eyes or aggressive expressions are defective.
Ears: Ears appear small compared to the head. V-shaped with a slightly rounded tip. The auricle is slightly thinner and very open, on either side of the top of the head, at the top of the extension line of the contour of the head. When he rests, his ears are pressed against his cheeks. The ear color is darker, the darker the better, which is consistent with the tone color.
Head: Wide, slightly flat between the ears, slightly curved forehead, showing wrinkles when paying attention to something, is his unique feature. The brow bone (the bone above the eye) is moderately raised. The muscles in the frontal horns are clear and the cheeks are very strong. There are longitudinal wrinkles in the middle of the forehead. Extends backwards from between the eyes to the middle of the head. The stop is located between the eyes, clear but not stiff.
Muzzle: The length is half the length of the head, so the head is divided into three equal parts, one for the face and two for the head. In other words, the distance from the nose mirror to the stop is equal to half the distance from the stop to the posterior occipital bone. Chow Mastiff in the tone
The ratio of length (exactly 1/2 of the distance from the eye to the nose mirror) and the circumference of the head (the circumference of the front of the ear) is 3/5. The muzzle is short and wide, and the width under the eyes is almost the same as the end of the nasal mirror. The apical elephant is truncated, that is, the blunt, obtuse, and the elephant are truncated into rectangles, forming a right-angled appearance of the front face. The depth from the nose mirror to the lower jaw is very deep, the jaw is wide, the end is slightly rounded, and the muzzle is dark in color, the darker the better.
Nose mirror: wide, dark color, the darker the better. The nostril contour is flattened (neither protruding nor turning upwards).
Lips: Fully sagging lips that correct the rectangular contour of the head. Teeth: Canine teeth are strong, the distance is wider, and the jaw is strong.
Bite and: For scissor bites and, moderate jaw protrusion bites and do not treat as defects. When the lips are closed, the teeth should not be visible.
Neck, dorsal line, body
Neck: strong, very muscular, slightly arched, medium length. The closer you get to the shoulders, the thicker the neck. The neck is moderately dry (does not look overly sagging skin).
Dorsal line: straight, horizontal, and firm, without depressions, arches, or sharp sagging behind the hips.
Thorax: Broad, deep, round and develops downward between the forelimbs. Extends at least to the elbows. The forebreast is well defined, the sternum extends more forward than the front of the scapula, and the ribs are well dilated.
Lower abdominal line: reasonable lifting, but not exaggerated. Back: Muscular, strong and straight. Viewed from behind, the hips are slightly rounded.
Waist: wide and muscular.
Forehumbly
Shoulders: moderately inclined, strong, and muscular, must not have a tendency to slacken. The angle of the forehusto is commensurate with the angle of the posterior body.
Legs: straight, firm and wide, with heavy bones.
Elbows: Parallel to the body. Ankles: Firm and slightly inclined.
Foot claws: large, round and compact, the toes are rounded arches, and the toenails are preferably black.
Hindquarters
Posterior body: broad, broad and muscular.
Healthy thighs: well-defined, with knotted Mastiff
Real flying joints.
Knee joint: moderately angled, commensurate with the forebody.
Hind legs: the distance is far apart, observed from behind, parallel to each other. When the lower part of the flying joint of the hind leg legs is correctly "reversed" and standing vertically, the plumb line at the last point of the posterior body should pass through the front of the claw. This excludes overly straight flying joints. Since the angle of the fly joint also affects the angle of the knee joint, the overly straight knee joint is also excluded.
Defects: too straight knee joint.
Coated
The outer layer is straight, coarse and slightly shorter in length. The underside is thick, short, and flat against the body. The coats on the abdomen, tail, and hind legs should not be too long to appear "bangs". Defects: The coat is too long or wavy.
color
Camel, apricot, and perhaps markings. The markings must be based on camel or apricot, completely covered by very dark stripes. The muzzle, ears, and nose mirror should be dark, the darker the better, and the orbit is a similar color and extends upward between the eyes. The appearance of small white fragments on the chest is permissible. Defects: too much white or white appears in other parts of the body, and the mask, ears, and nose mirror lack pigment.
gait
Gait shows strength and strength, with the hind legs providing enough power, while the front legs are smooth and well-extended. During exercise, the limbs are straight forward; when the speed increases, it is always walking to trotting, and the feet and claws want to move closer to the centerline of the body to maintain balance.
temperament
Combined with a solemn and very good essence, brave and docile. Nobility over cheerfulness was Mastiff's correct demeanor. Shy or vicious dogs are flawed, and conversely, beware of dogs coaxed out with too many rewards during the game.
Standard adoption date: November 12, 1991
Standard implementation date: December 31, 1991
Basic beauty
Hair standard: the outer layer of hair is rough, the inner layer of hair is dense and short, close to the skin.
Symbol annotations
The Tiffumer, one of the oldest surviving species in the world, originated in England and is often used in security work to help police track down prisoners. Although it is a fighter among dogs and has a grim face, it has always been gentle and friendly to acquaintances, and no matter what kind of danger it encounters, it will stand up without hesitation.
Beauty methods
Mastiffs are light-haired dogs, so there is no need for much grooming. Beauty includes bristles and combs, cutting short toenails, and cleaning the ears. Remove the long, rough whiskers and hairs and cut the hairs on the buttocks so that they appear clearly outlined.
vaccination
Puppies 2 months after birth, the antibodies brought from the mother are almost eliminated, and various viral diseases may occur at any time. Therefore, it is most important to first vaccinate against canine distemper, canine parvovirus and infectious hepatitis.
It takes about 2 weeks after the vaccine is injected to develop resistance (antibodies). At about 2 months, if the vaccine has not been vaccinated, and when the epidemic is epidemic or there is a possibility of infection, the serum against the virus can be injected directly to directly enhance the body's resistance, and then vaccinated after 2 weeks.
The commonly used canine vaccines on the market are canine cough vaccine, canine six vaccine and canine seven vaccine.
Although domestic vaccines are cheaper than imported vaccines, they can only guarantee a 6-month immunization period, need to be injected twice a year, and the immunization success rate is relatively low, so if economic conditions permit, it is recommended to inject imported vaccines[1]
Feeding article
....... Health: The English Mastiff needs to pay special attention to the ears and feet when it comes to health. Because the ears are sagging, it is not easy to circulate air, and it is easy to infect diseases. During the growth period, the ears have the opportunity to flutter, which can easily cause deformation and suffer from ear diseases. In terms of feet, it is also necessary to keep the toes as clean and dry as possible to avoid cysts.
....... Sport: The Size of the English Mastiff, combined with its high energy, requires a lot of space to exercise. It is recommended that old friends should take them out for a walk every day so that the dog has enough exercise to stay healthy.
....... Care: English Mastiffs do not need to bathe every day, and only wash once or twice a year on average. Friends should avoid irritating cleaning products as they are prone to skin diseases such as allergic dermatitis, thyroid dysfunctional hair removal, etc. In addition, because they are susceptible to diseases, they should keep their faces clean with warm water after eating.
Purchase Instructions
Individuals who are brave, kind and docile should be chosen.