This issue analyzes the 18 new astronomy and animal topics. The titles of this issue are all from 100,000 whys.
Not only answering questions, but also learning. Let everyone know the past and the present, be able to write and be able to use martial arts; know astronomy from above, know geography from below, know people in the middle; can catch turtles in nine days, catch turtles in five oceans; know five thousand years before, and know eight hundred years later; in the midst of planning, decisive victory is thousands of miles away. The appreciation of more people is the biggest motivation for me to insist on doing it, and I hope that all the cousins will share more likes and forwards, and more support.
1. People on Earth can see the far side of the moon. ____
A. Correct
B. Error
Correct answer: B. Error
The far side of the Moon is not visible on Earth. Because of the "tidal lock", people on the earth can only see one side of the moon, that is, the side of the "osmanthus tree" The rotation and rotation of the moon are synchronized, and the time for the moon to circle the earth is the same as the time for the moon to rotate once, so one side of the moon is always facing the earth, and the other is always facing the earth. It's like spinning with a chain ball, and you can only see one side of the chain ball. Tidal locking is more complicated and does not explain.
2. The current Gregorian calendar is a kind of ______ It is based on the length of the regression year and only considers how many days there are in the 1-year regression year.
A. Lunar calendar
B. Solar calendar
C. Luni-solar calendar
Correct answer: B, solar calendar
Tell us about the difference between these three calendars. The solar calendar, also known as the solar calendar, is that the earth circles the sun once, which means that the length of a return year is one year, which is completely defined by the time around the sun. The lunar calendar is timed by the change of moon phases, and the moon is missing once as a month. The moon, when symmetrical with the sun, is "too yin", so it is called the lunar calendar. The current Gregorian calendar in china is the solar calendar. The lunar calendar we are talking about is based on the lunar calendar, using the leap month method, so that the average number of days per year is roughly equal to the solar calendar, which is actually a luni-solar calendar, not a pure lunar calendar.
3. "The moon has clouds and sunshine", that is, the change of the moon phase, almost 30 days a cycle, is a significant astronomical phenomenon, astronomically called "____".
A, Saku Mochizuki
B. Stellar Moon
Correct answer: A. Synodic moon
The synodic month, which is the month of the lunar calendar. The first day of each month of the lunar calendar does not see the moon at all, which is called "New Year's Day"; the fifteenth or sixteenth of the month, when the moon is at its fullest, is called "Looking at the Sun". The month of the lunar calendar is the time from the "New Day" to the next "New Day", which is about 30 days, with an average of 29.53 days. Because the position of the Earth around the Sun is different, the synodic changes are not the same. The stellar moon is calculated twice based on the moon's orbit around the earth and the infested ecliptic (the plane of the Earth's orbital orbit) twice, with a period of 27.32 days. Is it confused, remember what is synodic on the line, is the synodic month.
4. Jupiter was known as "____" in ancient China. It orbits the sun for 12 years, matching the twelve branches of the earth hence the name. This property makes Jupiter a huge "clock" in the sky, with the significance of chronology and revision of the calendar.
A. Zhenxing
B. Year Star
C. Confusion
Correct answer: B, the year star
Jupiter is the 5th closest planet to the Sun and the largest planet in the Solar System. Jupiter orbits the Sun for about 12 years. From Earth, Jupiter is the third brightest star besides the Moon and Venus, so the ancients paid attention to it very early. It is still called 12 years as an annual ring. Later, it may be found that Jupiter's time around the sun is actually less than 12 years, and over time, there will be a large deviation and inaccurate chronology. However, Jupiter had a great influence on ancient astrology and other aspects, and the main auspicious and evil and blessing were all false talk.
The Star of Illumination refers to Mars. Because its screen is like fire, the brightness changes, and the whereabouts are uncertain (due to the problem of observation angle), it is called screen confusion. The town star refers to Saturn, and the ancients believed that Saturn ran every 28 years for a week, as if it were one of the twenty-eight stars every year, so it was called "town star".
5. "Skyscapes" such as the Moon, sun, and constellations are larger than they are when they rise higher near the horizon. ____
Correct answer: B. Error
According to the original explanation, it is because of the role of air refraction. When people observe the sun and moon that have just risen and the sun and moon after reaching the middle of the sky, the thickness of the atmosphere through which they pass is different. But by taking pictures or measuring with astronomical telescopes, people found that whether they just rose or rose very high, the size of the sun and moon did not change much. This phenomenon is more likely to be an "illusion" of people, that is, when the sun and the moon have just risen, near the horizon, whether it is a plain or a mountain, the ocean, there is a reference object, people visually do not take it as a celestial body, but as an object in the atmosphere or an object on the earth, psychologically magnified. When it reaches the middle of the sky, there is no reference, and people psychologically regard it as a distant celestial body, which is small.
6. The instrument commonly used in ancient China to measure the coordinate position of celestial bodies is ____, which is composed of a speculum aimed at the object to be measured, a reading ring reflecting various coordinate systems, a support structure and rotating parts. When the speculum is aligned with the object to be measured, several coordinates of the object can be read from multiple sets of rings.
A. Armillary instrument
B. Gui table
Correct answer: A, armillary instrument
The term armillary and armillary celestial instrument comes from the armillary theory, so the armillary instrument is an instrument for observing astronomical celestial bodies. Hun Tian theory is an important theory of explaining the universe in ancient China, which holds that "the sky is like a chicken, the celestial body is round like an egg ball, and the earth is like a yellow in a chicken." That is to say, the sky is round, shaped like an eggshell, the stars in the sky are projectiles embedded in the eggshell, and the earth is the yolk in the middle.
The gui meter is an instrument that measures the length of the shadow of the sun and is used to determine the time and solar terms.
7. In general, to judge the approximate age of the turtle, you can see the color of the pattern of its back armor shield ____, and the color is not so tender.
A. The deeper you go, the older you get
B. The shallower the older
Correct answer: A, the deeper the older
Generally surely the darker the color, the older it gets. Just like people, just born, they are all carved in powder, and slowly they are shaped like withered mallets.
8. Bird song is actually the "language" of communication between birds, and it is the way birds transmit information between individual birds. Birds chirp particularly vigorously at ___
A. Morning and dusk
B. High noon
Correct answer: A. Morning and evening
Birds generally like to chirp in the morning or evening, and the song is mainly male birds. The animal kingdom is the opposite of humans, and it is generally males who are good-looking and have good sounds to attract females. Such a song, on the one hand, attracts females to forage together, and on the other hand, it also divides the sphere of influence through the song and looks for a mate. Generally, April and May are the most cheerful time for birds to sing.
9. Bats belong to the pterodactyl order in ____, with a total of more than 1000 species, preying on insects for a living, and also catching fish, sucking blood or eating fruits.
A. Birds
B. Mammals
Correct answer: B. Mammals
Bats are the only mammals that can actually fly. The most important features of mammals are viviparous and lactation. Bats give birth to bat cubs, and the mother bat feeds the baby bats with her own milk. Birds are oviparous, lay eggs and then hatch.
10. There are lizards in the world that can run on the water. ____
A. Correct
B. Error
Correct answer: A. Correct
We all know that some insects can use the surface tension of water to move freely on the water, and most of them are very light. Basilisk lizards can also run on water without sinking into the water. On the one hand, the Basilisk lizard runs very fast, on the other hand, the Basilisk lizard has very long toes and covers the scales under the feet, which will produce bubbles between it and the water surface when running, which can make good use of the water surface tension and carry out "light water floating".
11. The red-crowned crane is the longest-lived bird. ____
The lifespan of a red-crowned crane is generally 20-30 years. But albatrosses average 50-60 years. Eagles also have a lifespan of about 50 years, some up to 70 years.
12. The anteaters eat almost exclusively ants and termites, and are an animal endemic to __________
A. Asia
B. Africa
C. Americas
Correct answer: C, Americas
The anteaters are endemic to Central and South America and are a mammal. There are three types of anteaters: one is called a large anteateur with a body length of more than 1 meter; one is called a small anteateur, with a body length of about half a meter; and the other is called a pygmy anteater, with a body length of less than 20 centimeters. Anteaters have a single food, and they like you to eat termites the most, and when there are no termites, the ants also eat well. An anteater can eat twenty or thirty thousand ants a day.
13. All crows are completely black. ____
We often say, "The world is as black as a crow." But in fact, the common crows are black and black, but not all crows are black. There are white-necked crows in Xinjiang, Tibet, Qinghai and other places in China, and the feathers on the back and chest are white, which look very similar to magpies, but they are actually crows. In addition, all-white crows have also been found in some parts of the world.
14. Nocturnality is an act of animals. Animals with this behavior, ______ The formation of nocturnality is a manifestation of the differentiation of animal niches. For some animals, this is an act of avoidance of the enemy; But for other animals, it's a foraging behavior.
A. Rest during the day and be active at night
B. Daytime activities, night rest
Correct answer: A. Rest during the day, active at night
Nocturnal animals are animals that rest during the day and come out at night. These animals choose to travel at night, some to avoid enemies, and some to prey, because its predators are also nocturnal. Like bats, owls, mice, hedgehogs, etc., are nocturnal animals. Lizards and most insects are nocturnal.
15. The white-tipped dolphin is a unique "national treasure" of China,__ and has been living in China's southern water system for more than 20 million years, enjoying the reputation of "living fossil".
A. Yellow River
B. Yangtze River
Correct answer: B, yangtze river
White-tipped dolphin is a kind of freshwater whale endemic to China, with a blue-gray or gray back, a white belly, and white fins, so it is called a white-tipped dolphin, living in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake and other places. The white-tipped dolphin was listed as a First Class Priority Protected Wildlife in 1988, but the population is dying out and was once considered extinct and in a critically endangered state.
16. Pangolins are the only remaining lepidoptera mammals. In our country, pangolins are ____ protected wild animals.
A. National level
B. National level II
Correct answer: A. At the national level
Pangolins are the only remaining lepidoptera mammals, a nationally protected wildlife that is prohibited from hunting and eating. Pangolin scales can be used in traditional Chinese medicine, coupled with the delicious taste of the Chinese, once hunted in large numbers, coupled with habitat destruction, has become an endangered animal. The main food of pangolins is termites, and a single pangolin can protect 250 acres of woods from termites.
17. All snakes are oviparous. ____
Most of us know that snakes are oviparous, spawning and hatching. In fact, in addition to oviparous spawning, snakes also have a breeding method, called oviparous birth, that is, the egg develops in the mother's body, but does not use the mother's nutrition, and directly produces small snakes after maturity. This is also an adaptation of snakes to the environment, and some alpine and aquatic snakes are oviparous.
18. Soft graphite and incredibly hard diamond are made of ____ elements, but their hardness is very different.
A、钠
B、氢
C. Carbon
D、氧
Correct answer: C. Carbon
Anyone who has studied junior high school chemistry in this problem knows that graphite and diamond are composed of carbon elements, called "allotropes". The atoms of graphite and diamond are the same, but the arrangement of atoms is different, the carbon atoms of diamond are dense three-dimensional structures, while the carbon atoms of graphite are layered structures, which makes their physical properties very different.
Katabado: Floating essays, committed to originality, taste life, interpret the world. Some of the pictures are from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author.