Lantian County Area Map
Lantian County is located in the northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province, southeast of the Guanzhong Plain, and is a county under the jurisdiction of Xi'an City, and the county seat is 22 kilometers away from the city. It is bounded by qinling mountains in the southeast, and is bordered by Luonan County, Shangzhou City, and Zaoshui County; It is bounded by the Kuyu River to the west, and is adjacent to Chang'an District and Baqiao District; It is bounded by Lishan Mountain to the north and borders Lintong District and Weinan City. Since ancient times, Lantian has been the Qinchu Avenue, and is one of the main roads leading from Guanzhong to the southeastern provinces. In 379 BC, Lantian County was established, and was named after the abundant jade in the territory. The county is 64 kilometers long from east to west and 55 kilometers wide from north to south, and has jurisdiction over 1 subdistrict office, 18 towns, and 519 administrative villages.
Lantian County belongs to the suburban counties under the jurisdiction of Xi'an, Shaanxi. In ancient times, it was famous for its abundant blue field jade, and the current economy is dominated by agriculture and tourism. There is the ruins of the Lantian Ape Man in the territory, which dates back about 1 million years. King An of Zhou established the county in the 23rd year (379 BC). In the second year of Tang Wude, Lantian County was divided into Lantian and Bailu Counties, and the following year, Bailu County was changed to Ningmin County, and Yushan County was added. In the first year of Tang Zhenguan, Ningmin and Yushan Counties were abolished and merged into Lantian County. Red Army leaders Li Xiannian, Liu Zhidan, Xu Haidong, Wang Feng, Cheng Zihua, and others established the Eyu-Shaanxi Soviet District here.
Lantian County belongs to Xi'an City, and Lantian County is 22 kilometers away from Xi'an City. Lantian County has a long history, is one of the birthplaces of human ancestors, and is one of the earliest germination sites of Chinese civilization. About 1.15 million years ago, one of the ancestors of the Chinese nation, the Lantian Ape Man, multiplied and lived in the area of Gongwangling in the county and gradually dispersed in the middle and lower reaches of the Bahe River. In the 23rd year of King An of Zhou (379 BC), Lantian County has a history of more than 2300 years. Lantian is named after Lantian jade - "the beauty of jade is blue", and Lantian jade is ranked among the four famous jades in China.
Lantian County now administers 22 towns: Languan Town, Huaxu Town, Huanhu Town, Sanli Town, Puhua Town, Yushan Town, Ancun Town, Qianwei Town, Mengcun Town, Tangyu Town, Xiaozhai Town, Jiaodai Town, Shijiazhai Town, Houzhen, Sanguanmiao Town, Jinshan Town, Bayuan Town, Jiujianfang Town, Lanqiao Town, Yuanchuan Town, Gepai Town, yuchuan Town, Yuchuan Town.
History
In 1964, after the excavation of the skull of the ape man in Gongwangling, 20 kilometers east of Lantian County, archaeologists determined that about 1.15 million years ago, the Lantian area was active with subtropical characteristics of the "Lantian Ape Man", who lived in primitive groups, hunting and gathering to maintain survival. According to history:
Tang Yao: (50th to 40th century BC) That is, the Period from the Majiayao Culture to the Longshan Culture, it is said that Yao was promoted to be the co-lord of various tribes. The Bamboo Book Chronicle records that Lantian belonged to Yongzhou at that time and was the former residence of the legendary Three Emperors.
Xia: (c. 21st century BC – 16th century BC) Belonged to the Yong prefecture of the Youhu clan.
Shang: (c. 16th century BC ~ 11th century BC) Lantian was still under the jurisdiction of Yongzhou and belonged to the ancient Feng Kingdom.
Zhou: (c. 11th century BC – 771 BC) belonged to Kiuchi, when Lantian was called "弭". Cultural relics such as "Hou Gui and Hou Hou" excavated in the sipo area of Dazhai Township prove that during the Warring States Period (475 BC to 211 BC), Lantian belonged to Qin, and in the twenty-third year of King Zhou 'an (379 years before the sixth year of Qin Xiangong), Qin chu set up Lantian County, which has been more than 2368 years ago, and ruled in the west of the present-day county, on the right bank of Jingyugou (the specific city site has no examination). In the first year of king Xianwang of Zhou (368 BC), there was Zhiyang County. In the first year of the reign of King Xiang of Qin (249 BC), Lü Buwei was made a chancellor, a marquis of Fengwenxin, and a twelve counties such as Lantian (Warring States Policy).
Qin: (221-207 BC) belongs to the internal history.
Western Han Dynasty: (206 BC - 25 BC) changed the four-level system, with the establishment of the State of Sai under the central government, and then under the jurisdiction of Weinan County, Neishi Right Nei Shi Jingzhao County. In the first year of Gao Zu (206 BC), Lantian belonged to Weinan County, and in the ninth year (198 BC), it belonged to the internal history. In the third year of Emperor Wen's reign (177 BC), Emperor Liu Heng had the land of Baling County, in the seventh year (173 BC) there was the land of Nanling County, in the sixth year of the Han Dynasty (135 BC), Lantian was directly administered by the Right Inner History, and in the first year of the Han Dynasty (104 BC), it belonged to Jingzhao County.
Eastern Han Dynasty: (25~220) Lantian was under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao Commandery (Jingzhao was returned to Yongzhou in 26 years, Sili in 39 years, and Yongzhou in 213).
Cao Wei: (220~265) Under the central government, there was a division, and then under the jurisdiction of the Qin State, Jingzhao State, Jingzhao County, etc., in the second year of the Huang Dynasty (221) of the Wei Wen Emperor, Lantian belonged to the Qin State and the Jingzhao State successively, and in the first five years (244) belonged to Jingzhao County.
Jin: (265~420) In 280, Lantian belonged to Jingzhao County, and it was also subordinate to Yongzhou.
Former Zhao: In the second year of the Guangchu Dynasty (319), there was a division, and the subordinate was set up as the Lantian of Jingzhao County.
Later Zhao: In the second year of Taihe (329), Yongzhou was under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao County, and Lantian belonged to Jingzhao County.
Former Qin: In the first year of the emperor's reign (351), he set up a division under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao Commandery (京兆郡), which was subordinate to Lantian ( Lantian County).
Later Qin: Lantian belongs to the cause.
Eastern Jin Dynasty: Yixi thirteen years (417): Changed to Yong prefecture and administered Jingzhao County. Lantian belongs to Jingzhao County.
Northern Wei: In the first year of the First Dynasty (424), the Northern Wei forces began to reach Lantian and set up Jingzhao Commandery (under the jurisdiction of Lantian County). In Chulantian County, there was Duling County, the third year of emperor Taiwu Shenlu (430), and Yongzhou on Jingzhao County. Lantian is under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao County. In the seventh year (446) of the Taiping Zhenjun of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Lantian County was incorporated into Bacheng County. In the eleventh year of Wei Taihe (487), Lantian was also established, and there were Bacheng County and Shanbei County, and Bacheng County replaced Lantian for a total of 41 years (446~487).
Western Wei: (535-556) Set up Yong Prefecture (雍州), which administered the second county of LantianShanbei.
Northern Zhou: In the first year of the Reign of the Emperor of Heaven (557), Lantian Commandery (Lantian County) was placed under the jurisdiction of Lantian, Yushan, and Bailu Counties. In the second year of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (573), Yushan and Bailu Counties were abolished, and the jurisdiction was transferred to Lantian County, and the city of Yaoliu was moved to Jingzhao County.
Sui: In the ninth year of the Kai Emperor (589), Yong prefecture was under the jurisdiction of Lantian (589~607). In the third year of Daye (607), the division was set up to administer Jingzhao Commandery and Lantian.
Tang: (618~907) Set Yong Prefecture under the jurisdiction of Lantian (畿县). In the second year of Tang Wude (619), Lantian County was divided into Bailu and Lantian Counties. In the following year, Bailu County was changed to Ningmin County, and Yushan County was added, which was under the jurisdiction of Yongzhou. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Yushan and Ningmin Counties were abolished, and the jurisdiction was transferred to Jingzhao County, which belonged to Guannei Province. In 690, it was subordinated to Yongzhou in Gyeongdeok province. In the first year of the new century (713), Lantian belonged to Jingzhao Province under the Jingdao Province.
Five Dynasties: (Liang, Tang, Jin, Han, Zhou): Shiyong Prefecture. Among them, during the Later Liang Kaiping period (907~911), Lantian belonged to The Da'an Province of Yongzhou.
Song: In the third year of Zhidao (997), Kansai Province was changed to Shaanxi Road, and Jingzhao Province was established under it, and Lantian belonged to Jingzhao Province. In the fifth year of Xi Ning (1068), Lantian belonged to Yongxing Junlu, and in the first year of Daguan (1107), it belonged to the Governor's Mansion under Yongxing Junlu.
Jin: In the second year of the imperial unification (1142), Lantian belonged to Jingzhaofu Road, the governor of Jingzhao.
Yuan: In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (1265), Lantian belonged to the province of Sichuan, Shaanxi, and in the seventh year (1270) belonged to the province of Shaanxi, Sichuan. Twenty-three years (1286) belonged to Xi'an Road. Twenty-four years (1287) belonged to Shaanxi Sichuan Xingzhongshu Province. In the first year of Emperor Qing (1312), it belonged to Fengyuan Road.
Ming: In the second year of Hongwu (1369), Lantian belonged to Xi'an Province.
Qing: In the first year of Shunzhi (1644), Lantian belonged to The Xi'an Prefecture of Shaanxi Province, and in the forty-eighth year of Qianlong (1783), the southern border of Lantian was divided into Xiaoyi River, and the people were set up to know, and soon returned to Lantian, and there was no change after that.
Republic of China: Lantian was under the jurisdiction of Xi'an Province in Guanzhong Province, and after the beginning of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the whole country was divided into several war zones, and Lantian first belonged to Shangzhou Prefecture and then to Xianyang Prefecture.
Founding of the People's Republic of China: Lantian belonged to Wuyi, in 1950 it belonged to Weinan Special District; in 1956 it was under the direct leadership of the Provincial People's Committee; in 1959 it was assigned to Xi'an City; in 1961 it was returned to Weinan Special District; in 1983 it was again assigned to Xi'an City, which is one of the suburban counties.
History and culture
Lantian has a long history and is one of the birthplaces of human ancestors, and Lantian is one of the earliest germination places of Chinese civilization. The world-famous Lantian jade is listed among the "four famous jades" in China, and the Zhou Li "jade beauty is blue", so the county name Lantian. According to legend, the jade seal of Qin Shi Huang was made of blue jade. Lantian ancient belongs to the land of Gyeonggi, and was established as a county in the 23rd year of king Zhou 'an (379 BC), which has a history of more than 2300 years. As a place where ancient human beings lived and multiplied, Lantian is the hometown of historical celebrities such as Han Gan, a famous court painter of the Tang Dynasty, the famous "Four Lü" brothers during the Northern Song Dynasty, and niu Zhaolian, a famous theorist in modern times, and also the hermitage of the Tang poetry painter Wang Wei, leaving a large number of cultural relics and monuments. Lantian natural landscape is beautiful, is one of the key areas of the northern foothills of Qinling in the southeast of Xi'an, the tourism resources are unique, the territory of the mountains and rivers are beautiful, The Sichuan Mountains are wide, the natural scenery is beautiful, there are well-known Gongwangling Lantian Ape Man Ruins, known as the "Second Dunhuang" wall sculpture treasure Water and Land Temple, built in the Sui and Tang Dynasties Buddhist Pure Land Sect Holy Land Temple, the Eastern Han Dynasty Cai Wenji Tomb, the underground shrine Ofion Chuanchuan Cave, Wang Weibeiye Relics, the charming Tangquan Lake and the danger of both Huashan, Huangshan Xiu's Wangshunshan National Forest Park and a large number of cultural and natural landscapes.
Administrative divisions of Lantian County
The county administers 22 towns, 9 community residents' committees, and 519 villagers' committees.
Languan Town Huaxu Town Puhua Town Yushan Town Ancun Town Qianwei Town Mengcun Town Tangyu Town Xiaozhai Town Jiaodai Town Shijiazhai Town Houzhen Sanguanmiao Town Jinshan Town Bayuan Town Jiujianfang Town Lanqiao Town Yuanchuan Town Gepai Town Yuchuan Town
Since ancient times, Lantian is a major north-south traffic artery, with superior location and convenient transportation, the county seat is only 22 kilometers away from the city, and the road network of Xihe Railway, Shanghai-Shaanxi Expressway, Fuyin Expressway, 312 National Highway, and Ring Mountain Highway is dense, which includes Lantian into the half-hour life circle of Xi'an Metropolis.
economy
Overview
In 2011, the GDP of Lantian County reached 8.9 billion yuan, 2.7 times that of 2006, an average annual growth rate of 13.3%; the general budget revenue of local finance reached 212 million yuan, which was 3.9 times that of 2006, with an average annual growth rate of 31.6%; the investment in social fixed assets in Lantian reached 7.65 billion yuan, which was 4 times that of 2006, with an average annual growth rate of 32.2%; the added value of industries above designated size reached 1.43 billion yuan, which was 3.8 times that of 2006, with an average annual growth rate of 30.8% The total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 3.6 billion yuan, 2.3 times that of 2006, with an average annual growth rate of 17.9%; the per capita net income of farmers reached 6550 yuan, a net increase of 3887 yuan over 2006; and the disposable income of urban residents reached 17450 yuan, an average annual growth rate of 19.7%.
In 2019, the regional gross domestic product (GDP) was 14.923 billion yuan, an increase of 3.6% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 2.835 billion yuan, an increase of 3.0%; the added value of the secondary industry was 3.546 billion yuan, down 4.7%; and the added value of the tertiary industry was 8.545 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3%. The composition of the tertiary industry is 18.9:23.8:57.3. According to the calculation of the permanent population, the annual per capita GDP is 27818 yuan.
Industrial development
From 2006 to 2011, the annual activities of industrial cultivation continued to be carried out, and the scale of the industry continued to grow, and the proportion of the three industries was adjusted to 24:37:39. The rapid expansion of the industrial economy has accelerated the development of the second phase of the industrial park, adding 41 new enterprises into the park, and building a number of well-known enterprises such as Furun Poultry Industry and Yili Cold Drink; the Northwest Furniture Industrial Park has started construction, introduced 90 enterprises, and has been listed as one of the 100 key industrial parks in Shaanxi Province; 10 enterprises with more than 100 million yuan such as Yaobai Cement have been cultivated, 8,300 "two-household" enterprises have been developed, and 14 county-owned enterprises have been restructured.
The rural economy has developed steadily, the annual grain output has remained above 300,000 tons, high-quality walnuts, animal husbandry and other industries have continued to grow, and 128,000 mu of water and miscellaneous fruits, 80,000 mu of vegetables, and 125,000 mu of high-quality walnut bases have been built, which have been identified as key counties for the development of walnuts in Lantian Province, and 262 standardized breeding communities have been built, with 2 million broiler chickens produced every year; 58 farmers' professional cooperative organizations have been developed, 6 national pollution-free agricultural product bases have been created, and 41 agricultural industrialization brands have been created. The agricultural socialization service system is more perfect.
Tourism and commerce continue to prosper, complete the revision of the overall tourism development plan of Lantian County, build comprehensive tertiary production projects such as Tangyu Bishui Bay and Hot Spring Water Town, develop 245 farmhouses, significantly enhance the brand influence of "gourmet, beautiful jade, beautiful scenery and beautiful soup", and achieve a total of 790 million yuan in comprehensive tourism income; actively promote the construction of various markets, develop 358 commercial outlets, and further strengthen the urban and rural three-level commercial flow network system.
agriculture
Lantian is located in the northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains, the eastern part of the Guanzhong Plain, belongs to the warm temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate, surrounded by mountains in the southeast, undulating hills in the north, the central and western Sichuanyuan are interspersed, and the terrain slopes from southeast to northwest. According to the similarity of topography, agricultural resources and production characteristics, the county is divided into four comprehensive agricultural areas: namely, the hilly and ravine of lishan mountain to maintain water and soil forests, animal husbandry and agricultural areas, the river valley chuandao agriculture, animal husbandry and sub-areas, the loess Plateau original agriculture, industry and pastoral area, and the northern slope forest, pastoral and special zone of Qinling Mountains. Most of its water resources are abundant and the soil is fertile, suitable for the growth of a variety of crops. With wheat, corn and legumes as the mainstay, as well as rice, forest fruits and vegetables, farming is the traditional economic category.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as after the founding of the People's Republic of China), the LANtian County CPC Committee and the county people's government led the people of the whole county to carry out land reform, carry out agricultural cooperative movements, liberate rural productive forces, and promote the recovery and development of agricultural production. In 1956, the county's total agricultural output value increased by 67.6%, the total grain output increased by 63.5%, the cotton production increased by 65.5%, the oilseed production increased by 73.5%, and the livestock increased by 7.2%. In 1958, the "Left" mistakes such as the general line, the "Great Leap Forward," the people's communization, the one-level adjustment of the communist style and the blind command, high targets, and exaggerated winds caused serious setbacks to agricultural production. From 1961 to 1962, the county's grain and livestock almost fell to the level of the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. In 1962, the CPC Central Committee implemented the policy of adjustment, consolidation, enrichment, and improvement, established a rural operation and management system with the production team as the basic accounting unit, aroused the enthusiasm of the peasants, and developed agricultural production. In 1965, the total agricultural output value reached 59.729 million yuan, and the total grain output was 243.26 million jin, an increase of 24.9% and 34.4% respectively over 1957. In the socialist education campaign carried out in 1966 (hereinafter referred to as social education) and the "Cultural Revolution" (hereinafter referred to as the Cultural Revolution), due to the serious harm of the "Left" line, Lantian became a hard-hit area, a large number of cadres and the masses were persecuted, and the newly revived collective economy was seriously damaged. However, due to the joint resistance and struggle of the healthy forces within the party and the broad masses of cadres and the masses, they persisted in vigorously carrying out the basic construction of farmland water conservancy, leveling the land, and building water conservancy, which to a certain extent improved the conditions for agricultural production and maintained grain output at the level of 1965.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the interference and sabotage of the "Left" tendency inside and outside the party were eliminated in the rural areas, and the reform of the rural economic system began, and the agricultural economy of Lantian underwent rapid changes. In 1989, the total agricultural output value of the county reached 120.77 million yuan, an increase of 75.3% over 1978 and 2.6 times that of 1949, and the total grain output was 390.35 million jin, an increase of 44.4% over 1978 and an increase of 1.6 times over the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Production bases such as beef and mutton and forest fruits have begun to take shape, and the commodity rate has increased significantly. In 1989, it provided 27.71 million catties of commercial grain, an increase of 8.64 million catties over 1978, and provided 13.794 million catties of meat, 25.4 catties per capita; 14.04 million catties of fresh milk, 25.8 catties per capita; 5.09 million catties of poultry eggs, 9.4 catties per capita. The per capita value of agricultural workers was 256 yuan in 1949 and increased to 464 yuan in 1989. The per capita net income of farmers was 52.6 yuan in 1958, 57.2 yuan in 1978, and 299 yuan in 1989.
industry
According to the excavated cultural relics, as far back as the Neolithic (Longshan culture) period, the ancestors have developed and used Lantian jade, including jade bi, jade ge and so on. During the Yin Shang Dynasty, the Huaxia Shang branch was active in the Area of Luyuan in Zishui (present-day Bahe), using bronze utensils such as knives, axes, ge, cymbals, saws, cuts, and tungsten, and the Mengcun Township Huaizhenfang built a copper smelting workshop and a copper smelting stove. During the Warring States period, iron tools were used, and Shikahara Dongxiang Village had produced V-shaped iron ploughs, and produced iron farm tools such as hoes, pickaxes, sickles, hammers, and hinges.
During the reign of Qin Shi Huang, the Blue Field Water Cang Jade was made into a national jade seal, and Li Si wrote "Ordered by Heavenly Shou Yongchang" or "Emperor Shouchang by Heaven's Order". Since then, Lantian jade has been favored, and Lantian has gradually become the hometown of jade processing. During the Western Han Dynasty, salt and iron officials were set up to reward salt and iron production. The cultural relics unearthed in Shuangbaishu Village, Mengcun Township, include iron mechanical gears used for vehicle irrigation in the early Western Han Dynasty. The middle is a square hole, neatly arranged, and there are 16 oblique teeth rotating to the right, which is reasonable in structure, showing the level of machining technology in the early Western Han Dynasty. In the third year of Han Jianyuan (138 BC), when Emperor Wu expanded the Qin Dynasty, Shanglinyuan went east to Lantian and built the Dinghu Palace in Jiaodai, which was exquisite and magnificent, showing high architectural skills. During the Northern Song Dynasty, an iron smelting workshop was built in the south of Sanlitou Village in the north of the county seat. During the Ming Chongzhen period, the forging industry spread throughout the people, and the existing iron nine lotus lamp of the county cultural management office is said to have been made by Liu Zongmin, a general of the peasant rebel army at the end of the Ming Dynasty, to the county god temple, and the nine lotus lamps are exquisite in craftsmanship and realistic in shape, showing a higher forging process.
During the Qing Dynasty and The Guangxu Years, the Lantian Bleaching and Dyeing Industry Arose. There are dozens of dyeing houses in the county town and the area around the east and west rivers and Jiaotang. The raw material of bleaching and dyeing is silk cotton fabric. The indigo industry has also risen, and dongchuan farmers mostly grow blue. In the southeast qinling mountains, the villagers picked more five times seeds and acorns to sell to the dyeing workshop, and after the indigo was imported, the soil indigo was invincible, and the blue industry gradually disappeared after the depression. The textile technology of Xichuan Huanhu Township is the first in the county, and the township people's old machines are woven into native cloth, which is welcomed for its durability, and large vendors have been selling them in Gansu and Ningxia. From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, gold diggers panned for gold in the Liaochuan River and Jiaodai Tiger Ditch, but finally terminated due to the small amount. In the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935) and the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), there were coal-based rock outcrops in Jiaodai Temple. Coal merchants Zhang Zizhen and Yutai Company have tried to mine twice, but both have been terminated due to too little storage. During the Republic of China period, Liao Jiaping, Jiang Liugou, Houzhen Township, produced "soil" (manganese ore particles). At the exhibition, the Construction Department of the Shaanxi Provincial Government once opened a column to introduce the specialties of the soil in Lantian, and it was mined by hand by the people and marketed to Qin, Long, Jin and other provinces and regions.
Before liberation, the economy of Lantian withered, and industrial production was based on handicrafts as a traditional industry. Active in the countryside are the "eight great craftsmen" (carpenters, blacksmiths, masons, silversmiths, shoemakers, cooks, smiths, potters) and "five workshops" (mills, dyeing mills, oil mills, tofu mills, powder mills), except for which there is no large machine industry category. Folk traditional craftsmen are scattered throughout the city and countryside, mainly farmers and craftsmen. Most of them use agricultural leisure activities to operate freely in the market, and a few open door shops in the county market town to produce and sell themselves. At that time, there were mainly ironware, bleaching and dyeing, bamboo and wood ware, sewing, brick and tile, brewing, repair, shoe polishing, haircut, leather and linen, ginning, bullets, jewelry, oil mills, charcoal, cooking and other industries and workshops. These industries, the equipment is simple, the process is simple, the labor intensity is large, the capital is difficult, the sales channel is not smooth, the industry rises and falls, the transformation often occurs, and the economy is often in a state of stagnation. At the time of liberation in 1949, there were 470 private craftsmen in the county, with assets of 396,100 yuan. There are 835 employees. After three years of economic recovery, in 1952, the total industrial output value was 623,700 yuan, and 896 people were employed, an increase of 57% over the output value in 1949. There are 462 individual craftsmen. In 1953, the state entered the first five-year plan, the implementation of socialist transformation of private industry, the gradual implementation of public-private partnerships, handicraft cooperatives gradually established, in 1957 there were 29 handicraft cooperatives in the county, 471 employees, the annual output value of 551,700 yuan. The county-run industry began in 1958 during the "Great Leap Forward" period, and 14 industrial enterprises such as iron factories, Qinling iron ore mines, agricultural tool repair factories, brick and tile factories, cement factories, sugar factories, non-staple food factories, flour mills, printers, soap factories, bacterial fertilizer factories, lime factories, oil pressing plants, and sauce and vinegar processing plants were successively risen. There are 928 employees, and the annual total output value is 2.3776 million yuan. Later, the social teams also set up 263 factories of various types in the spirit of "leaping forward"; due to the weak industrial base and the prominent contradiction between production, supply, and marketing, 225 were laid down in the three-year difficult period, and only 52 enterprises were left in 1963 (4 of which were Chinese-owned enterprises, 6 of which were county-run collective enterprises, 2 of which were socially run, and 40 of which were small craftsmen). In 1964, implementing the central government's "Seventy Articles of Industry" and "adjusting, consolidating, enriching and improving" policy, industrial enterprises began to develop steadily. In 1965, there were 28 industrial enterprises in the county, with 565 employees, a total output value of 1.8649 million yuan, and a profit of 143,600 yuan. During this period, Xiangyang Company (hereinafter referred to as Xiangyang Company), a subsidiary of the Fourth Research Institute of the Ministry of Aerospace Industry of China, came to Lantian to build a factory to produce military products, and Xiangyang Company moved to Lantian, which greatly changed the environment outside Lantian industry, transportation, power facilities, and industrial layout. Although Xiangyang Company is a self-contained military unit, it has great radiation and penetration of the county industry and later township industry in technology. In particular, in the 1980s, Xiangyang Company's military-to-civilian products and local industrial technology were integrated, cooperated with each other, and promoted each other, which played a great role in promoting the development of local industry. The mutual exchange of talents and technology has played a role in "borrowing willows into shades". In the middle of the 1980s, the output value, layout and industrial structure of Lantian Industry underwent great changes. In 1966, when the "Cultural Revolution" movement began, industrial enterprises were impacted, and while criticizing the "foreign slave philosophy" and "management and pressure", the normal production order was destroyed, the rational rules and regulations were criticized, no cost, no accounting, no accumulation, industrial enterprises were damaged, and economic development stagnated. In 1967, the county's total industrial output value fell from 2.0283 million yuan in the previous year to 1.2084 million yuan, a decline of 40.38%. In the early 1970s, the county industrial enterprises began to recover, the factories and mines successively expanded the scale of production, and the knowledgeable young people who went up to the mountains and went to the countryside successively recruited industrial enterprises from the countryside. By 1976, the number of industrial enterprises in the county had grown to 84. The total output value is 9.4993 million yuan, and the profit is 393,700 yuan (excluding social team enterprises). After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, after rectifying the chaos and rectifying the situation, implementing the "Thirty Articles of Industry", especially the implementation of the policy of reform and opening up, various rules and regulations were established and improved by various enterprises, and the normal production order was gradually restored. Enterprises have strengthened their operation and management. It has also continuously expanded its autonomy, enabled the county's industry to develop from small to large, and formed an industrial system with local characteristics and an economic and industrial structure with multiple categories and patterns. There are machinery, building materials, textiles, sewing, forest, food, electric power, chemical industry, glass, optical instruments and other industrial categories.
In 1989, lantian enterprises developed to 17,497, with a total industrial output value of 126.24 million yuan, and 176 major industrial enterprises with independent accounting. The total output value is 109.637 million yuan, of which 27 enterprises owned by the whole people have an output value of 63.909 million yuan (6 central and provincial enterprises with an output value of 44.909 million yuan, and 21 county-owned enterprises with an output value of 20.339 million yuan); 149 collectively owned enterprises with an output value of 45.728 million yuan (11 county-owned enterprises with an output value of 5.84 million yuan, 130 townships and towns with an output value of 38.289 million yuan, and 8 enterprises run by labor departments with an output value of 1.599 million yuan). The total industrial output value accounted for 37.6% of the total social output value of 335.71 million yuan. The number of employees is 5490 (excluding central and provincial enterprises), including 2555 county-owned enterprises and 2935 township-run enterprises. The main products are 425# cement, automotive drive shaft, milk powder, vulcanized black, high chromium wear-resistant cast iron balls, crystal cakes, optical instruments, etc. have been rated as provincial, municipal and subordinate high-quality products.
After the 1980s, Xiangyang Company also put 285 car girders, rapier belts, graphitization furnaces, pressure vessels, sintering machines, etc. into the market to participate in the competition.
However, lantian industry from the overall level of development is low, fist products are not many, competitive advantage is not strong, there is no formation of large and medium-sized industrial categories that are enough to affect the economic situation. County-owned industries are still too rigidly stuck in the planned economy, their unity is too strict, their adaptability is not strong, the management level of township and town enterprises is still low, there are too many capital loans, the level of agricultural and sideline products, mechanical processing, and mineral extraction technology is low, and the production capacity is poor.
Geomorphological features
The terrain in Lantian County is complex, the landform is different, the terrain slopes from southeast to northwest, the southern part is the extension of the northern foothills of qinling, the eastern part is the gully area of the southern foothills of Lishan Mountain, the central and western sichuan plains are interlaced, the bahe river, the Xunhe River and other important rivers run through the whole territory, and the landform types of Lantian are divided into valley alluvial terraces, loess plateaus, loess hills, and Qinling mountains. The highest elevation is 2449 meters, and the county seat is 469 meters above sea level. Mountains and ridges account for 80.4% of the county's land area, 40,400 hectares of arable land, and 11,500 hectares of effective irrigation.
Climatic conditions
Lantian belongs to the warm temperate semi-humid continental climate, the four seasons are cold and warm, the climate is pleasant, the average annual temperature is 13.1 °C, the sunshine is 2148.8 hours, the frost-free period is 212 days, the average precipitation is 720.4 mm, mainly concentrated in July to September, accounting for 55% of the total annual rainfall.
The climate of Lantian belongs to the warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate zone in the national climate zone. It has the characteristics of warmth, moderate rainfall, four distinct seasons, rain and heat in the same season, and great production potential, but meteorological disasters are also frequent and frequent. Due to the influence of semi-enclosed basin topography and mountainous areas, the geographical types of climate are rich and diverse, which provide favorable conditions for agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and by-fishery production.
Lantian County
(1) Illumination: The annual average solar radiation value in Lantian County is 114.5-118.5 kcal/cm2. In 2077.1-1845.1 hours, the average sunshine hours for many years. Abundant light resources and their consistent characteristics with crop growth period are extremely beneficial to the formation of higher crop yields and good quality.
(2) Heat: The annual average temperature of Lantian County is 13 °C, the ≥ 0 °C accumulated temperature is 4826.7 °C, and the duration is up to 299 days; the ≥ 10 °C is 4224.6 °C, and the duration is up to 204 days; the ≥ 20 °C is 2488.0 °C, the duration is up to 98 days, and the frost-free period is 212 days. It is suitable for the growth of cool and warm crops, and can meet the requirements of two crops a year.
(3) Precipitation: The average annual precipitation in Lantian County is 833.3MM, mainly concentrated in the summer and autumn seasons, which is 537.9MM, accounting for 72.6% of the annual precipitation; rain and heat in the same season are its main characteristics. In addition, the distribution of precipitation days is relatively even, with an average of 107.4 precipitation days in many years and an average of 3.4 days with one precipitation. The even distribution of precipitation is very beneficial for areas dominated by dryland agriculture. However, the interannual variation of precipitation is large, the maximum year (1983) as much as 1131.7MM, the minimum year (1986) only 509.2MM, the difference between high and low years is 622.5MM, the interannual variability is as high as 84.1%, this change also produces drought and flood disasters. However, the evaluation of whether the precipitation in an area is suitable for local crops also depends mainly on the ratio of evaporation to precipitation in the same period, and it is generally believed that when the ratio is greater than 1.0, irrigation is needed to make up for the lack of water share; while less than 1.0, there is a surplus of water and needs to be drained. According to calculations, Lantian County ≥ 10 °C accumulation temperature period, this value is 1.04, which shows that Lantian County belongs to the humid and micro-moisture insufficiency area, if there is no special climate anomaly, this water condition is basically satisfied with the water demand of dryland agriculture.
(4) Regional differences: Considering the regional differences in climate, the county can be divided into four climate zones. In the eastern part of Kawado Province, the average annual temperature is about 12 °C, and the annual precipitation is higher than 740 MM, which is a mild and humid area, which can be cooked twice and the heat is slightly insufficient. In the western part of the river valley river road, the average annual temperature is 13 °C, the annual precipitation is below 740mm, which belongs to the warm temperature semi-humid climate zone, and the crops are ripe twice a year, but the water is slightly insufficient. Lishan Loess Hilly Area. Due to the influence of altitude, the average annual temperature is 10-12 °C, the accumulated temperature of ≥ 10 °C is 3500-4025 °C, and the precipitation is 700-800 MM, which is a semi-humid area with sufficient light and mild climate, and the crops can be matured three times in two years. However, soil erosion in this area is serious, the soil water retention performance is poor, and it is prone to drought and flood disasters. In the Qinling Alpine Region, most of the altitude is between 1100-1500 meters, the average annual temperature is about 8 °C, the accumulated temperature of ≥ 10 °C is around 3500 °C, the precipitation is more than 800 MM, which is a cool and humid climate, and agriculture can be ripened once a year below 1500 meters. The area is highlighted by low temperatures and short growing seasons, which limit the development of agriculture.
mineral resources
Lantian County is rich in mineral resources, is well-known "jade town", has been found in 38 kinds of minerals, of which metal ore mainly gold, silver, lead, molybdenum and other 17 kinds, non-metallic ore mainly granite, marble, kaolin, limestone and other more than 20 kinds. As of 2009, the proven reserves of high-quality limestone ore are more than 120 million tons, high-quality granite is 800 million cubic meters, quartz ore is 20 million tons, and Lantian jade mine is 10 million cubic meters. Lantian jade is one of the "four famous jades" in China, and is listed in the country's first jade origin regional protection products.
Population area
The total population of the county is 646,700 (588,000 in agriculture), 185836 households, and the sex ratio of men to women is 108.4. The birth rate is 11.36 per thousand, the mortality rate is 5.56 per thousand, the natural growth rate is 5.80 per thousand, and the population density is 328 persons per square kilometer. The total area is 1969 square kilometers, accounting for about 19.7% of the total area of Xi'an City, and the planned area of the county is 10.9 square kilometers.
tourism
Tourist attractions in Lantian County
Tourist attractions in Lantian County: Cai Wenji Memorial Hall, Wang Shunshan National Forest Park, Wuzhen Temple, Shuilu Nunnery, Wang Wei Villa, Yuanchuan Cave, Tangyu Hot Spring, Lü's Cemetery, Lantian Ape Man Ruins, Tangyu Lake Forest Park, Gepai Town District Soviet Government Memorial Hall.
Lantian characteristic agricultural products: Lantian walnuts, persimmons, cathu cherries, Yuanchuan town plate millet, Lantian Huaxu apricot.
Top 10 snacks in Lantian County
(1) Blue field green onion flatbread: yellow and bright color, soft skin inside, beautiful green onion flavor.
(2) Lantian Gao steamed bun: for wheat noodle products, it is said to have been created by Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gao, and widely circulated on the Lantian White Deer Dumpling. The steamed bun is overflowing with aroma and chewy, and both young and old like to eat it.
(3) LantianLou Zhu Handmade Hollow Noodles: Named after Lantian Louzhu Village, Louzhu Village is located about 2 kilometers north of Yushan Town. Eight out of ten households in the village are engaged in the production of handmade hollow noodles.
(4) Lantian Crystal Cake: Shaanxi famous spot, Lantian County food production. Small and chic, the face is all yellow and snow white, the skin is crispy and filling, the fragrance is delicious, the oil is more than greasy, the sugar is heavy and sweet, and it has a rich rose aroma and orange cake fragrance.
(5) Lantian soaking oil cake: the color of the soaking oil cake is white with yellow, the fat is condensed and bright, just like the wings of the light yarn cicada, its taste is fragrant and mellow, the wind is dissipated, the entrance is melted, the teeth are scattered, the crisp and smooth, the flavor is long.
(6) Lantian vinegar powder: made of fine noodles with vinegar turtle. Into the taste of sour and delicious, has the effect of going to the fire to cool off the eyes, for the summer a delicacy.
(7) Blue field buckwheat wheat bird: Blue field bitter buckwheat bird strips, yellow and bright color, cotton soft tendons, fragrant and sharp.
(8) Lantian Immortal Powder: Summer and autumn, pick the green pollution-free millet leaves in the Qinling Mountains, dry it and put it into the pot, add boiling boiling water, rub it vigorously after cooling, remove the petiole and debris, put it into a clean dish, after cold, it will become gelatinous, cut into pieces and add garlic, vinegar, oil and pepper. Immortal powder tastes bitter and clear liver, clear fire and bright eyes, is a pure natural green food.
(9) Lantian rice dumplings: the high-quality potatoes are cleaned, steamed and peeled, put into the stone mortar and hammered with a wooden pestle until viscous, take a piece into a bowl, add soup, sauerkraut, etc. to eat, has become the main variety of the farm to receive guests from all over the world.
(10) Bayuan dried tofu: named because it is produced in Bayuan Township, Lantian County, using Qinling pollution-free soybeans as raw materials and brine.
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