When yu chengqing is mentioned, people will think of the song "Spring Mud", and they will also think of Yi Nengjing, and they will also think of the Chinese voice teacher. However, you may not know that his grandfather Yu Enxi was the father of Yunnan tobacco, and the production of Dazhongjiu cigarettes is still sold today.
(Yu Enxi)
The Yu family is originally from Bixi Ancient Town, Mojiang County, Yunnan, since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it is a famous and prestigious family, and by the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was still a local big family in Yunnan, to Yu Chengqing's grandfather, there were 5 brothers: Yu Enrong, Yu Enlun, Yu Enyang, Yu Enxi, Yu Enpei, of which the second oldest Yu Enlun and the fifth Yu Enpei died early.
The remaining three brothers are each famous, known as the "Three Jies of the Yu Clan": one Jie Yu Enrong has an unshakable position in the business world, the second Jie Yu Enyang is a military leader, and the other Jie is quite willful, from politics, through business, and finally returned to garden art, that is, Yu Chengqing's grandfather Yu Enxi.
Yu Enxi was born in 1886. In 1918, yu Eun Seok was 32 years old, when his brother Yu Eun Yang was assassinated.
Yu Enyang and Tang Jiyao, the overseer and governor of Yunnan, were classmates in Japan and held senior military positions under Tang for a long time. Tang Jiyao loved Wu and Wu, and made Yu Enyang's fourth brother Yu Enxi the director of the Yunnan Water Conservancy Bureau.
Yu Enxi was tired of being an official, so he resigned, went to the sea himself, and started an industry. Yu Enxi raised funds to organize the Southern Tobacco Company on Minguo Road in Shanghai, but because of the competition with its advanced technology and strong domestic and foreign counterparts, it lasted less than two years, and then he stopped the flag, carried a few cigarette machines, returned to Kunming, and opened the largest tobacco company in the province at that time. After supporting for 8 years, it is still difficult to compete with foreign smoke and is heavily indebted.
In the midst of a predicament, Long Yun, Yu Enyang's old ministry and then chairman of the Yunnan Provincial Government, knew that Enxi had a skill, and specially invited him to become the mayor of Kunming.
From September 1929 to 1930, during his tenure as mayor, Yu Enxi finally found the opportunity to exert his expertise for the local area, and rebuilt the municipal parks such as Cuihu, Guzhuang, jinbi, etc., or cultivated or remodeled, especially invited Zhao Heqing, a calligrapher and painter who was well-versed in gardening, to redesign and completely expand Daguan Park.
At that time, Kunming City was directly under the jurisdiction of the Department of Civil Affairs, and Yu Enxi resolutely resigned on the grounds that "there were different powers of affairs" and many constraints on municipal construction. After the provincial council's retention was invalid, the provincial side had to agree to hire him as another member of the provincial government construction committee.
Yu Enxi served as mayor for 13 months, and his salary was not paid. After handing over and discharging, the salary must be settled once and paid to the person. At this time, this accomplished horticulturist made an extraordinary noise: he announced that he would donate all the 6245.1 yuan of Dian yuan that he should receive to the city's sheriff and sergeant, "as a subsidy for the allowances of chiefs at all levels and police officers", and the police officers above the inspector level would not give it, and the sheriff and sergeant would be paid 10 yuan each.
After resigning as mayor, Yu Enxi remained persistent in the cigarette business, and after Yu Enxi resigned, he founded a tobacco enterprise. Yu Enxi named the cigarettes he produced "Heavy Nine" brand, which Yunnan people commonly called "Heavy Nine", and to this day, "Heavy Nine" is still a well-known cigarette brand at home and abroad.
Why is it called "Heavy Nine", Yu Enxi is for his brother Yu Enyang to participate in the Heavy Nine Uprising this year. On October 30, 1911 (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month of the lunar calendar), the generals of the Dian Army, Cai Yi and Tang Jiyao, after the victory of the Wuchang Uprising, decided to hold an armed uprising in Kunming and declare the independence of Yunnan. The rebel forces launched a siege of the city from the north campus with the internal response of the teachers and students of the Wu Tang. Cai Yi and other troops attacked from the southeast, and after a night of fighting, completely occupied the city the next morning, captured the governor Li Jingxi alive, and overthrew the Qing Dynasty's rule in Yunnan. After the success of the uprising, the Governor's Mansion of Yunnan was established, and Cai Yi was appointed as the Governor.
At that time, foreign capital intervened in the tobacco industry, and domestic national enterprises were struggling. At that time, Yu Enxi understood that in the complex market competition, it is necessary to be invincible, raw material sources, labor resources, product sales, etc. can not be far away from the vast rural base, and must be able to open up sales channels for products. In this way, Yu Enxi took advantage of his prestige and position among people from all walks of life in Kunming to hold dances, lantern parties, storytelling, acting, etc. in the Yujia Garden of daguanlou to send the products produced by Asia Tobacco Company to the guests for free tasting. The "Heavy Nine" brand cigarette became famous.
Initially, in order to support and develop the national industry in the province, the government adopted a policy of tax reduction and reduction for tobacco companies. The preferential terms of the tax reduction put Yu Enxi in a favorable position to compete with British American Tobacco. But then, the government began to collect taxes.
(Long Yun)
The person who decided to tax Yu Enxi's tobacco companies was Long Yun.
After Long Yun defeated Tang Jiyao to become the "King of Yunnan", he once made Yu Enxi the mayor, and Yu Enxi continued to run the "Asia Asia" tobacco company after he resigned. At first, Long Yun continued Tang Jiyao's policy of not collecting taxes on the "Asia Minor" tobacco companies, but the economy at that time was really sluggish.
According to the Kunming Chronicle, in 1928, at the beginning of Long Yun's seizure of local ruling power in Yunnan, the Yunnan Department of Finance owed too much money for education, resulting in primary and secondary school teachers not receiving salaries and making it difficult to maintain their lives. Therefore, Gong Zizhi, director of the Yunnan Department of Education, obtained the consent of Long Yun and completely set aside the cigarette tax that fell within the scope of the unified tax of the Department of Finance as a special fund for education, called "special donation for cigarettes", announced the abolition of the tax exemption treatment for all products of the Asia Tobacco Company, and paid taxes in accordance with the regulations together with foreign cigarettes and local hand-made cigarettes (including cigars), so as to ensure the normal collection of the tax quota of education funds in Yunnan. In fact, at that time, the cigarette tax was levied according to the grade, which was not high.
However, Yu Enxi pinned his hopes for the establishment of an industry on tax exemption, and then suddenly lost his way. Not long after, the Asia Company applied to cease operations on the grounds that it could not sustain production, and Yu Enxi ended his history of creating a local cigarette industry. And Yu Enxi, the founder of Yunnan's original mechanism cigarette industry, is like a rainbow after the rain that comes and goes in a hurry, leaving people with a variety of thoughts.
Later, the Asia Tobacco Company was taken over by the provincial government and renamed the South China Tobacco Company, but the company did not get rid of the shadow of the Asia Tobacco Company, the production was still abnormal, and finally forced to shut down and finally closed.
Until the establishment of the Yunnan Paper Tobacco Factory in 1943, the "Chongjiu" brand cigarettes still became its main product and was registered as a trademark. At that time, there were 10 straight cigarettes and 50 kinds of "heavy nine" brand cigarettes. Among them, the main picture of the 10 packing patterns is that the shield is covered with the sun and nine nine, and the "heavy nine" brand cigarettes under the blue and white shield pattern are outlined with blue edges.
(Yu Chengqing)
In the 1940s, Yu Enxi was appointed as a provincial senator. At the beginning of the liberation, the Municipal Bureau of Culture and Education discovered professional talents and planned to hire him to participate in the city's garden management work, but then the "movement" arose one after another, which did not become a fact. In 1950, Yu Enxi committed suicide at the age of 64. His son, Yu Jialin, who was then a senior delegate to the National Assembly of the Republic of China, was Yu Chengqing's father, and at this time he had moved his family to Taiwan to continue the glory of the family.
(Daily Kanji)