Some time ago, a dance by the Street Dance Club of Guangxi University of Finance and Economics named "殙" set in the old society caused heated discussion on the Internet.
At the beginning of the dance, the atmosphere is festive and peaceful, and the brides and bridesmaids dance lightly, telling the desire for marriage and the vision of the future groom.
▲ The joyous wedding scene at the beginning of the dance "殙"
However, in a joyful atmosphere, the bride's mother wept in a corner of the stage. When the groom finally came on the scene, the bride saw a corpse carried by the crowd.
▲ In the dance "殙", the bride is tied up
▲ The corpse and the bride who were lifted in the dance "殙"
In an instant, the bride tried to escape, but her father pushed the corpse hard. In the end, the bride was strangled to death by the red silk, and the father received a large sum of money.
▲ In the dance "殙", the father of the bride receives money to sell his daughter
The clear and powerful dance language makes people stand up. Netizens have said that they have been shocked.
Someone was so upset that he wept:
Someone gets goosebumps and nightmares:
More netizens firmly oppose this feudal dross:
Since ancient times, meditative marriage has been regarded as unethical
What exactly is a meditative marriage? And why is there a secret marriage?
Dark marriage is also known as marriage, funeral, yin relatives, yin matching, yin marriage, ghost relatives and so on. "殇" means a person who died before the age of nineteen, and "marrying" refers to marrying someone who died early. It is not difficult to see from the several titles of the marriage that the marriage is a wedding for a dead man and a woman.
In history, there are two main forms of meditative marriage: one is "relocation", that is, under the premise that there is no marriage contract between a man and a woman who died prematurely, the bones of the two are buried in the same burial chamber, so that they can become a legal couple in the underworld; the other is the form of marriage between the living and the dead expressed in the dance "殙".
Although the underworld marriage had a rudimentary form during the Yin Shang dynasty, the phenomenon of the underworld marriage was rarely recorded after the Wu King's cutting, because the Confucian classic "Zhou Li Di Guan And Media" explicitly opposed the dark marriage. Therefore, even if there were secret marriages in ancient times, there was a lot of controversy.
Cao Cao's most beloved son, Cao Chong, died prematurely, and Cao Cao, who was distressed about his son, wanted to marry him a wife, and just as his subordinate Feng Yuan had just died, Cao Cao asked Yuan yuan to let his daughter be buried with Cao Chong. However, Bing Yuan refused Cao Cao's request on the grounds that this practice was not in accordance with etiquette. Cao Cao was not reconciled, and finally hired Zhen's deceased daughter as his daughter-in-law and buried her with Cao Chong.
▲ Cao Cao and Cao Chong in film and television dramas
Two things can be seen from this historical story:
First, the "relocation and burial" must be agreed by both parents, and the status is as high as Cao Cao. Marriage is not simply buried directly, it is handled in the same way as marriage between living people. There are usually ghost matchmakers as matchmakers and marriages, and the consent of both parents is required.
Second, the secret marriage did not conform to the etiquette of the time, which was the main reason why Bing Yuan was able to reject Cao Cao. The Confucian scholars, led by Sikong Chen Qun, pointed out that meditative marriage was not in accordance with traditional etiquette, quoting the Zhou Li as an act of incest. Later, Cao Cao's grandson Cao Rui wanted to marry a martyr, but he was also opposed.
In the Tang Dynasty, the phenomenon of meditative marriage became more and more. Emperor Zhongzong of Tang's son Li Chongrun was only nineteen years old when he was killed by Wu Zetian. After Emperor Zhongzong ascended the throne, he posthumously honored Li Chongrun as the Prince of Yide, and hired the deceased daughter of Pei Chu, the overseer of the state, as his wife, and held a secret marriage for them and buried them together.
With the emperor taking the lead, some people wanted to follow suit, and even some people tried to incorporate the marriage system of the time. But the scholars were still opposed. The great poet Bai Juyi once had a judgment accusing the marriage of meditation, saying that it "violated both the state ban and the disorder of human morality."
▲Portrait of Bai Juyi
After the Tang Dynasty, the secret marriage was also suspected and resisted. After the Five Dynasties period, Emperor Mingzong of the Tang Dynasty saw that the marriage system in some parts of the Tang Dynasty was mixed with meditative marriage, and said with emotion: "The role of Confucianism is to carry forward filial piety and change customs and customs. Weddings are a kind of auspicious ceremony, how can it be used on dead people? So he decreed that the ministers must abolish these bad customs.
Hidden chain of interests
Secret marriage has led to many vicious cases
Social customs are developed on the basis of a certain social culture, and the emergence of secret marriage and its popularity in some regions of China for a long time are nothing more than three reasons:
The first is mainly the fear of the dead in feudal superstitious thoughts. Unmarried people who die prematurely cannot be buried in the graves of their ancestors, and the family is worried that these children who die prematurely are helpless and will pose a great threat to the family.
The second is that under the ancient Chinese patriarchal system, men who died unmarried and died early could not enjoy the sacrifices of family descendants because they had no heirs. By marrying a "husband and wife", it can be considered that they have heirs, not only can be buried in the ancestral grave of the family, but also can enjoy the sacrifices of the family members of the descendants.
The third is the feelings and indebtedness of parents towards their children. Cao Cao was because of the early death of his young son Cao Chong that he hired a ghost wife for him.
With the development of society and the progress of civilization, the reason for the emergence of secret marriage should no longer exist. Chinese law also prohibits related violations and crimes. But in fact, the secret marriage has not been completely extinct, and it still appears in some areas today. It is not only stubborn social customs, but even a means for some people to accumulate wealth.
On May 12, 2016, China News Weekly made an investigative report, saying that there is a chain of interests in marriage in some provinces in China, and the corpses of young women are clearly marked. In the early 1990s, a door-to-door marriage cost 5,000 yuan, and by the beginning of this century, it rose to 50,000 yuan; by 2010, 100,000 yuan could only guarantee marriage, and too many conditions could not be mentioned. In 2016, less than 150,000 yuan could not even buy a bone.
In the face of interests, many lawless people are desperate to take risks, so the secret marriage has also led to many vicious cases, including digging graves and stealing corpses, selling corpses, killing and selling corpses, etc.
According to Qilu.com, in March 2014, a criminal gang in Juye, Shandong Province, stole the body of a woman who had recently been buried late at night, and after being resold layer by layer, the female body was sold for 42,000 yuan to a family in Handan, Hebei Province, who wanted to marry the male deceased. Fortunately, the body was recovered after the incident.
According to the Shanxi Evening News reported on October 30, 2004, Tang Mou, a woman in Huozhou, had the idea of committing a crime because she heard that a female corpse had been sold for 50,000 yuan. In order to sell the body with the yin marriage, Tang Mou was so distraught that he brutally killed a 12-year-old female student, and after selling the body, he received 23,800 yuan in stolen money.
Homicide is naturally a serious crime, as is the theft of a corpse. Article 302 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates: Whoever steals, insults or intentionally destroys a corpse, bones or ashes shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention or public surveillance.
When it comes to feudal superstitions, there are always some people who like to use the "existence is reasonable" argument to defend it. However, looking at the history of the development of meditative marriage and the cases caused by today's meditative marriage, it can be seen that feudal superstitious behaviors such as meditative marriage should have been abandoned by the times long ago.
Needless to say, the marriage is a feudal superstition. Its so-called "existence is reasonable" is precisely that some people deliberately pander to it for the sake of interests, regardless of whether it is against human morality, but only bent on promoting and enriching their own money bags. As a result, it not only violates public order and good customs and disrupts social order, but is also likely to provoke a prison disaster for oneself.
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